| 1. |
- Nguyen, F., et al.
(författare)
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Undulators and Light Production with the XLS-CompactLight Design Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: MOSCOW UNIVERSITY PHYSICS BULLETIN. - : Allerton Press. - 0027-1349 .- 1934-8460. ; 77:2, s. 241-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Free electron laser (FEL) facilities provide broadly tunable and highly coherent photon beams. These machines still have an unexplored potential and development. The XLS-CompactLight design aims at a flexible hard plus soft X-ray FEL facility exploiting the latest concepts in terms of short period magnetic undulators, paving the road towards more compact photon sources.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Constantinescu, O. & Fatehi, J.
(författare)
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Peronospora-like fungi (Chromista, Peronosporales) parasitic on Brassicaceae and related hosts
- 2002
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Ingår i: Nova Hedwigia. - : Berlin, J. Cramer. ; 74:3-4, s. 291-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genus Peronospora is emended and its type species, P. rumicis, is redescribed and illustrated. A new genus, Hyaloperonospora Constant., with 6 new combinations (H. floerkeae, H. lepidii-perfoliati, H. lunariae, H. niessleana, H. parasitica, and H. tri
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| 4. |
- Constantinescu, O., et al.
(författare)
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Plasmoverna gen nov., and the taxonomy and nomenclature of Plasmopara (Chromista, Peronosporales)
- 2005
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Ingår i: Taxon. ; 54, s. 813-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After a review of the taxonomy and nomenclature of Plasmopara, it is concluded that this genus contains at least two groups of fungi that can be differentiated on both morphological and molecular grounds. In order to avoid numerous nomenclatural changes, the genus Plasmoverna with seven new combinations (Pv. pygmaea, Pv. alpina, Pv. anemones-dichotomae, Pv. anemones-ranunculoides, Pv. fusca, Pv. hellebori, and Pv. isopyrithalictroides) is introduced to accommodate the species parasitic on Ranunculaceae, which have so far often been referred to as Plasmopara pygmaea s.l. The lectotypification of Plasmopara with Pl. pygmaea, which has been accepted by most authors in recent times, is shown to have been superseded by typification with Pl. nivea. To ensure nomenclatural stability, the ambiguous Pl. nivea is neotypified, and Plasmopara is retained in its current use for the bulk of the species.
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| 5. |
- Fatehi, Hesameddin, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of buoyancy on dispersion of reactive pollutants in urban canyons
- 2022
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Pollution Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1309-1042. ; 13:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we aim to investigate the interplay between chemistry, flow dynamics and temperature using high fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models in an urban environment. A detailed numerical model based on large eddy simulation (LES) is developed considering the temperature and buoyancy effect and the non-equilibrium chemical processes. The model is used to study flow and reaction inside experimental and real-size street canyons. Street canyons are chosen for this study, as they represent the smallest unit of urban environments where detailed flow simulations combined with chemical reactions can be performed with high numerical accuracy. The effect of thermal driven flow is studied in reacting and non-reacting conditions to understand the role of buoyancy in accurately modeling pollutant reaction and dispersion. It is shown that buoyancy has a significant effect on the dynamics of the flow, by altering the main vortex structure inside the canyon and by increasing turbulent kinetic energy. It is also found that the chemical reactions strongly affect final concentrations of pollutants, which indicates the potential need for implementation of more advanced chemical models in future work. The importance of correct boundary conditions to accurately predict pollutant concentrations are discussed. Finally, by comparing the LES results with experimental field measurements in a real street canyon, the limitation of using periodic boundary conditions, as it is commonly used in the literature, is discussed. Moreover, it is shown that implementation of a variable photolysis rate is likely needed.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Hamada, A. M., et al.
(författare)
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Seed treatments with thiamine reduce the performance of generalist and specialist aphids on crop plants
- 2018
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Ingår i: Bulletin of entomological research. - 0007-4853 .- 1475-2670. ; 108:1, s. 84-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thiamine is a vitamin that has been shown to act as a trigger to activate plant defence and reduce pathogen and nematode infection as well as aphid settling and reproduction. We have here investigated whether thiamine treatments of seeds (i.e. seed dressing) would increase plant resistance against aphids and whether this would have different effects on a generalist than on specialist aphids. Seeds of wheat, barley, oat and pea were treated with thiamine alone or in combination with the biocontrol bacteria Pseudomonas chlororaphis MA 342 (MA 342). Plants were grown in climate chambers. The effects of seed treatment on fecundity, host acceptance and life span were studied on specialist aphids bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) and pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) and on the generalist green peach aphid (Myzus persicae, Sulzer). Thiamine seed treatments reduced reproduction and host acceptance of all three aphid species. The number of days to reproduction, the length of the reproductive life, the fecundity and the intrinsic rate of increase were found reduced for bird cherry-oat aphid after thiamine treatment of the cereal seeds. MA 342 did not have any effect in any of the plant-aphid combinations, except a weak decrease of pea aphid reproduction on pea. The results show that there are no differential effects of either thiamine or MA 342 seed treatments on specialist and generalist aphids and suggest that seed treatments with thiamine has a potential in aphid pest management.
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| 8. |
- Miller, Robert J.H., et al.
(författare)
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Donor and Recipient Size Matching in Heart Transplantation With Predicted Heart and Lean Body Mass
- 2022
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Ingår i: Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier. - 1043-0679 .- 1532-9488. ; 34:1, s. 158-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Donor and recipient size matching during heart transplant can be assessed using weight or predicted heart mass (PHM) ratios. We developed sex-specific allomteric equations for PHM and predicted lean body mass (PLBM) using the United Kingdom Biobank (UKB) and evaluated their predictive value in the United Network of Organ Sharing database. Donor and recipient size matching was based on weight, PHM and PLBM ratios. PHM was calculated using the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and UKB equations. PLBM was calculated using the UKB and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey equations. Relative prognostic utility was compared using multivariable Cox analysis, adjusted for predictors of 1-year survival in the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients model. Of 53,648 adult patients in the United Network of Organ Sharing database between 1996 and 2016, 6528 (12.2%) died within the first year. In multivariable analysis, undersized matches by any metric were associated with increased 1-year mortality (all P < 0.01). Oversized matches were at increased risk using PHM or PLBM (all P < 0.01), but not weight ratio. There were significant differences in classification of size matching by weight or PHM in sex-mismatched donor-recipient pairs. A significant interaction was observed between pulmonary hypertension and donor undersizing (hazard ratio 1.15, P = 0.026) suggesting increased risk of undersizing in pulmonary hypertension. Donor and recipient size matching with simplified PHM and PLBM offered an advantage over total body weight and may be more important for sex-mismatched donor-recipient pairs. Donor undersizing is associated with worse outcomes in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
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| 9. |
- Olivain, C, et al.
(författare)
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Colonization of tomato root by pathogenic and nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strains inoculated together and separately into the soil
- 2006
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240 .- 1098-5336. ; 72:2, s. 1523-1531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In soil, fungal colonization of plant roots has been traditionally studied by indirect methods such as microbial isolation that do not enable direct observation of infection sites or of interactions between fungal pathogens and their antagonists. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to visualize the colonization of tomato roots in heat-treated soil and to observe the interactions between a nonpathogenic strain, Fo47, and a pathogenic strain, Fo18, inoculated onto tomato roots in soil. When inoculated separately, both fungi colonized the entire root surface, with the exception of the apical zone. When both strains were introduced together, they both colonized the root surface and were observed at the same locations. When Fo47 was introduced at a higher concentration than Fo18, it colonized much of the root surface, but hyphae of Fo18 could still be observed at the same location on the root. There was no exclusion of the pathogenic strain by the presence of the nonpathogenic strain. These results are not consistent with the hypothesis that specific infection sites exist on the root for Fusarium oxysporum and instead support the hypothesis that competition occurs for nutrients rather than for infection sites.
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| 10. |
- Vinnere, O, et al.
(författare)
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The causal agent of anthracnose of Rhododendron in Sweden and Latvia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Mycological Research. - 0953-7562 .- 1469-8102. ; 106:1, s. 60-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Anthracnose caused by Collectortrichum is a severe foliar disease in rhododendron plantations in Sweden and Latvia. Isolates of this pathogen were collected and characterised based on morphological and molecular criteria, Out of 37 isolates examined, two with falcate spores were identified as C. dematittin. The remainder of the isolates had straight cylindrical conidia, which were too variable to be reliably assigned to C. glocosporioides (syn. C.azaleae) the reported causal agent of anthracnose of Rhododendron spp. These isolates were compared with the reference strains of C. gloeosporioides, with holo- and paratypes and with reference isolates of C. acutatum. The light and scanning electron microscopy examinations revealed that conidial shape was not a reliable criterion for separation of these two taxa and for the identification of our isolates. The two internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and the 5.8S rRNA gene were PCR amplified and sequenced from all the rhododendron isolates and the reference strains, including the holo-and paratype materials. In addition, a segment of mitochondrial small subunit ribosomal DNA (mtSSU rDNA) and a fragment of a p-tubulin gene from several representatives of isolates of rhododendron as well as the reference strains were amplified and sequenced. The sizes of the amplified fragments among the isolates studied were heterogeneous only for mtSSU rDNA, which allowed separation of C. acutatum from C. glocosporioides. Parsimony analysis of the individual and combined nucleotide sequence data sets were concordant and indicated that all isolates originating from rhododendrons belonged to C. acutatum. The grouping of the isolates was further supported by bootstrap analysis. Thus, C. acutatum was identified as the causal agent of anthracnose of Rhododendron in Sweden and Latvia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. acutatum and C. dematium on Rhododendron. This study is also the first to determine the genetic status of the holotype of C. acutatum and also one of the paratypes on the basis of ITS sequences in comparison with world-wide living isolates of this taxon.
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