| 1. |
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Machine learning-based EEG signals classification model for epileptic seizure detection
- 2021
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Ingår i: Multimedia tools and applications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1380-7501 .- 1573-7721. ; 80, s. 17849-17877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The detection of epileptic seizures by classifying electroencephalography (EEG) signals into ictal and interictal classes is a demanding challenge, because it identifies the seizure and seizure-free states of an epileptic patient. In previous works, several machine learning-based strategies were introduced to investigate and interpret EEG signals for the purpose of their accurate classification. However, non-linear and non-stationary characteristics of EEG signals make it complicated to get complete information about these dynamic biomedical signals. In order to address this issue, this paper focuses on extracting the most discriminating and distinguishing features of seizure EEG recordings to develop an approach that employs both fuzzy-based and traditional machine learning algorithms for epileptic seizure detection. The proposed framework classifies unknown EEG signal segments into ictal and interictal classes. The model is validated using empirical evaluation on two benchmark datasets, namely the Bonn and Children's Hospital of Boston-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (CHB-MIT) datasets. The obtained results show that in both cases, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Fuzzy Rough Nearest Neighbor (FRNN) give the highest classification accuracy scores, with improved sensitivity and specificity percentages.
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| 2. |
- Ahmad, Shabir, et al.
(författare)
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A Distributed Approach towards Improved Dissemination Protocol for Smooth Handover in MediaSense IoT Platform
- 2018
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Ingår i: Processes. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-9717. ; 6:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recently, the Internet has been utilized by many applications to convey time-sensitive messages. The persistently expanding Internet coverage and its easy accessibility have offered to ascend to a problem which was once regarded as not essential to contemplate. Nowadays, the Internet has been utilized by many applications to convey time-sensitive messages. Wireless access points have widely been used but these access points have limitations regarding area coverage. So for covering a wider space, various access points need to be introduced. Therefore, when the user moves to some other place, the devices expected to switch between access points. Packet loss amid the handovers is a trivial issue. MediaSense is an Internet of Things distributed architecture enabling the development of the IoT application faster. It deals with this trivial handover issue by utilizing a protocol called Distributed Context eXchange Protocol. However, this protocol is centralized in nature and also suffers in a scenario when both sender and receiver address change simultaneously. This paper presents a mechanism to deal with this scenario and presents a distributed solution to deal with this issue within the MediaSense platform. The proposed protocol improves dissemination using retransmission mechanism to diminish packet loss. The proposed protocol has been delineated with a proof of concept chat application and the outcomes have indicated a significant improvement in terms of packet loss.
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| 3. |
- Aziz, Nudrat, et al.
(författare)
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Erythroid induction activity of Aquilegia fragrans and Aquilegia pubiflora and identification of compounds using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- 2021
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE. - : Elsevier. - 1018-3647 .- 2213-686X. ; 33:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aquilegia fragrans (AF) and Aquilegia pubiflora (AP) are the two medicinally important species of genus Aquilegia used for the treatment of various diseases and infections. This paper describes the potential of fetal hemoglobin induction activity of the methanolic extracts of AF and AP in K562 cell line. AF and AP have shown 27.147 +/- 1.376 and 32.786 +/- 1.048 percent erythroid induction, respectively at 15.625 (mg/mL) concentration which suggested that both plants can be the source of potential fetal hemoglobin inducers and may be used for the treatment of beta-thalassemia. Phytochemical analyses of both species were also evaluated by using high-resolution LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS techniques. A Total of thirty compounds were identified using positive and negative ionization modes. The identification was based on the matching of high-resolution masses, isotopic pattern, and MS/MS fragmentation. Several statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the distribution of compounds in both species. Identified compounds belong to various classes including flavonoids, steroids, lignans, terpenoids, benzofuran and coumarins. The established chemical fingerprints will be helpful in standardization and quality control of plant extracts.
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| 4. |
- Larik, Fayaz Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Synthetic approaches towards the multi target drug spironolactone and its potent analogues/derivatives
- 2017
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Ingår i: Steroids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-128X .- 1878-5867. ; 118, s. 76-92
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spironolactone is a well-known multi-target drug and is specifically used for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure. It is also used for the treatment of edema, cirrhosis of the liver, malignant, pediatric, nephrosis and primary hyperaldosteronism. Spironolactone in association with thiazide diuretics treats hypertension and in association with furosemide treats bronchopulmonary dyspepsia. The therapeutic mechanism of action of spironolactone involves binding to intracellular mineralocorticoids receptors (MRs) in kidney epithelial cells, thereby inhibiting the binding of aldosterone. Since its first synthesis in 1957 there are several synthetic approaches have been reported throughout the years, Synthetic community has devoted efforts to improve the synthesis of spironolactone and to synthesize its analogues and derivatives. This review aims to provide comprehensive insight for the synthetic endeavors devoted towards the synthesis of a versatile drug spironolactone and its analogues/derivatives.
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| 5. |
- Larik, Fayaz Ali, et al.
(författare)
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The role of Lawesson's reagent in the total synthesis of macrocyclic natural products
- 2017
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Ingår i: Phosphorus Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 1042-6507 .- 1563-5325. ; 192:5, s. 490-502
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review, including 111 references, describes the applications of Lawesson's reagent (LR) [2,4-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,2,4-dithiadiphosphetane-2,4-dithione] for the total synthesis of macrocyclic natural products. LR is a versatile reagent and shows excellent regioselectivity, chemoselectivity, and offers the products in high yield. The thionation of carbonyl moieties present in macrocyclic natural products, and cyclization to construct key heterocyclic fragments is described. Moreover, this review highlights the medicinal significance of the natural products. [GRAPHICS] .
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| 6. |
- Saeed, Aamer, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in transition-metal-catalyzed synthesis of 3-substituted isocoumarins
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA. - 0022-328X .- 1872-8561. ; 834, s. 88-103
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- 3-Substituted isocoumarins are the most abundant class of naturally isocoumarins, found in several biologically active scaffolds and are precursors towards complex natural products. Considerable attempts have been devoted to the synthesis of these isocoumarins both by metal free or transition-metalcatalyzed reactions. Among the metal catalyzed reactions, the use of palladium, copper, gold, iron, nickel, rhodium, ruthenium, zinc, chromium, iridium, silver or thallium salts/complexes for the construction of 3-substituted isocoumarin ring is noteworthy due to being economical and good functional group tolerance. The current review focusses the recent reports on the Pd-, Cu-, Ag-, Fe-, Ni-, Rh-, Ru-, Zn, Cr-, Ir-, Ag- and Ti -catalyzed synthesis of isocoumarins.
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| 7. |
- Saeed, Aamer, et al.
(författare)
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Developments in the synthesis of the antiplatelet and antithrombotic drug (S)-clopidogrel
- 2017
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Ingår i: Chirality. - : Wiley. - 0899-0042 .- 1520-636X. ; 29:11, s. 684-707
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- S-(+)-Methyl 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl)acetate, also known as (S)-clopidogrel, is marketed under the trade names Plavix and Iscover. It is a potent thienopyridine-class of antithrombotic and antiplatelet drug (antiaggregant). Among the two available stereoisomers of clopidogrel, for pharmaceutical activities only the S-enantiomer is applicable, as no antithrombotic activity is observed in the R-enantiomer and causes political upheavals and social turmoil in animal experiments. Worldwide sales of Plavix amounted to $6.4 billion yearly, which ranks second. Attributed to the increased demand of (S)-clopidogrel drug, it provoked the synthetic community to devise facile synthetic approaches. This review aims to summarize the synthetic methods of (S)-clopidogrel drug reported in the literature. The present review discusses the pros and cons of each synthetic methodology, which would be beneficial to the scientific community for further developments in the synthetic methodologies for (S)-clopidogrel. In addition, the compilation approach of literature-reported synthetic strategies of (S)-clopidogrel in one platform is advantageous, supportive, and crucial for the synthetic community to elect the best synthetic methodology of (S)-clopidogrel and to create new synthesis ideas.
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| 8. |
- Saeed, Aamer, et al.
(författare)
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Recent Progress in Pyridine Containing Heterocycles as High Performance Host Materials for Blue PHOLEDs
- 2018
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Ingår i: Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry. - 1570-193X .- 1875-6298. ; 15:4, s. 261-273
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (PHOLEDs) have an advantage of stability for a lifetime in comparison with the conventional Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs). Green and red OLEDs have already achieved success, but for the last decade, blue OLEDs have observed a surge in the attention towards them from academia as well as the industry. There are incessant efforts devoted towards the improvement of external quantum efficiency from 25-30%. The host materials (or host compounds), hole transporting and electron transporting are the preeminent factors for the enhancement of External Quantum Efficiency (EQE). This review aims at highlighting the role of pyridine as an efficient Electron Transporting Material (ETM) for blue PHOLEDs. Pyridine having electron withdrawing nature can serve as valuable host compounds for electron transport material in PHOLEDs of a blue color. The presence of nitrogen atom in pyridine facilitates in lowering HOMO/LUMO energy levels compared to benzene ring and this assists in adding phenyl rings at the periphery of pyridine ring.
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| 9. |
- Saeed, Aamer, et al.
(författare)
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Recent resurgence toward the oxidation of heteroatoms using dimethyldioxirane as an exquisite oxidant
- 2017
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Ingår i: Synthetic Communications. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC. - 0039-7911 .- 1532-2432. ; 47:9, s. 835-852
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review covers the literature from 2005 to till date. Oxidation chemistry is a dynamic field of organic synthesis as it keeps evolving with the passage of time. There is a recent surge in that area to switch over from inorganic oxidants to organic oxidants. The oxidation of heteroatom is an intriguing task for the synthetic chemists, as it requires mild oxidant with no harmful side products. Dimethyldioxirane serves as a super-effective oxidant as it shows high functional group tolerance and possess acetone as byproducts which is also eco-friendly. This review summarizes the heteroatom oxidation of sulfur, nitrogen, iodine, selenium, phosphorous, and platinum atoms using DMDO as an oxidant.
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| 10. |
- Shahid, Shereena, et al.
(författare)
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A Review on the Scope of TFDO-Mediated Oxidation in Organic Synthesis-Reactivity and Selectivity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Current Organic Synthesis. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1570-1794 .- 1875-6271. ; 15:8, s. 1091-1108
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dioxiranes are three-membered strained ring peroxides that are typical archetype examples of electrophilic entities. A dioxirane-based oxidant named 3-methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane (TFDO) is a fluorinated analogue of the extremely valuable oxidant dimethyldioxirane (DMDO). Owing to the strained three-membered ring and presence of electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl group, TFDO is several times more reactive than DMDO and acts as a significant chemical reagent. Moreover, TFDO exhibits high regio-, chemo- and stereo-selectivity even under unusual reaction conditions, i.e. at pH values close to neutrality and at sub-ambient temperatures. The TFDO transfers an oxygen atom to "unactivated" carbon-hydrogen bonds of alkanes as well as to the double bonds of alkenes and also helps in oxidation of compounds containing heteroatoms having a lone pair of electrons, such as sulfides and amines. TFDO-mediated oxidation is considered to be one of the main procedures in the 21st century for the synthesis of oxygen-containing organic molecules. This review throws light on the applications of TFDO in organic syntheses to provide an insight into the future research and gives a comprehensive summary of the selective functionalization of activated and non-activated organic compounds.
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