| 1. |
- Bai, Wen Feng, et al.
(författare)
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Phylogenetic Analysis of Small Hive Beetles From Native to Introduced Populations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Genetics. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-8021. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The small hive beetle (SHB), a social parasite of beehives, is native to sub-Saharan Africa and has spread to America, Europe, and Australia. Recently, these beetles invaded China, causing widespread colony collapses in the honeybee, Apis cerana. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the beetle genome from its native range (Africa), a region that was invaded by SHBs nearly 30 years ago (America), and more recent invasions (Asia). The beetles in the United States formed the earliest branch and show signs of two decades of gene flow and local adaptation to differentiate this population from the native ones. The beetles in China were deep branched and showed the highest fixation index when compared to the US populations. The number of SNPs in overexpressed genes was significantly higher than the transcriptome. Gene-expression profiles presented here distinguish the characters between adult and larvae SHBs.
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| 2. |
- Bao, Qinye, et al.
(författare)
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Regular Energetics at Conjugated Electrolyte/Electrode Modifier for Organic Electronics and Their Implications of Design Rules
- 2015
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials Interfaces. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2196-7350. ; 2:12, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regular energetics at a conjugated electrolyte/electrode modifier are found and controlled by equilibration of the Fermi level and an additional interface double dipole step induced by ionic functionality. Based on the results, design rules for conjugated electrolyte/electrode modifiers to achieve the smallest charge injection/exaction barrier and break through the current thickness limitation are proposed.
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| 3. |
- Chen, Zhuoying, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced charge transport by incorporating additional thiophene units in the poly(fluorene-thienyl-benzothiadiazole) polymer
- 2011
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Ingår i: Organic electronics. - : Elsevier. - 1566-1199 .- 1878-5530. ; 12:3, s. 461-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a comparative study of optical properties, structure and morphology, field-effect transistor (FET) and solar cell performance between poly(4-(3,4-dihexyl-2,2-bithiophen-5-yl)-7-(5-(9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-3,4-dihexyl-2,2-bithiophen-5-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]-thiadiazole) (F8TTBTT), and its predecessor poly((9,9-dioctylfluorene)-2,7-diyl-alt[4,7-bis(3-hexylthien-5-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole]-2,2 -diyl) (F8TBT). Compared to F8TBT, F8TTBTT has two more thiophene units incorporated in its monomer structure. Such a modification leads to a reduced optical band gap, improved charge injection and significantly enhanced ambipolar field-effect mobilities reaching 5 x 10 (2) cm(2) V (1) s (1) for holes and 4 x 10 (3) cm(2) V (1) s (1) for electrons. The enhanced carrier mobilities are most likely a result of an increased backbone planarization and interchain interaction. As a consequence of ambipolar transport, light-emission was observed from the transistor channel during operation. The reduced band gap and improved charge transport make F8TTBTT an interesting candidate also for solar cell applications. Unoptimized solar cells based on F8TTBTT: PCBM blends were found to exhibit power conversion efficiency under AM 1.5 illumination of similar to 1.54%. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 4. |
- Fang, Junfeng, et al.
(författare)
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Conjugated Zwitterionic Polyelectrolyte as the Charge Injection Layer for High-Performance Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 133:4, s. 683-685
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new zwitterionic conjugated polyelectrolyte without free counterions has been used as an electron injection material in polymer light-emitting diodes. Both the efficiency and maximum brightness were considerably improved in comparison with standard Ca cathode devices. The devices showed very fast response times, indicating that the improved performance is, in addition to hole blocking, due to dipoles at the cathode interface, which facilitate electron injection.
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| 5. |
- Feng, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating E-Scooter Traffic Flow Using Big Data to Support Planning for Micromobility
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Journal of urban technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1063-0732 .- 1466-1853. ; 29:2, s. 139-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dockless e-scooter sharing, as a new shared micromobility service, has quickly gained popularity in recent years. In this paper, we present a practical approach to estimating e-scooter flow patterns without knowing the actual routes taken by the e-scooter riders. Our method takes advantage of a huge open dataset that contains the origins and destinations of millions of trips. We show that our models can help cities better support the emerging shared micromobility service. The additional information generated in the modeling process can also be useful for a more refined analysis of e-scooter trips.
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| 6. |
- Feng, Chen, et al.
(författare)
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Predicting and mapping neighborhood-scale health outcomes : A machine learning approach
- 2021
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Ingår i: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0198-9715. ; 85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Estimating health outcomes at a neighborhood scale is important for promoting urban health, yet costly and time-consuming. In this paper, we present a machine-learning-enabled approach to predicting the prevalence of six common non-communicable chronic diseases at the census tract level. We apply our approach to the City of Austin and show that our method can yield fairly accurate predictions. In searching for the best predictive models, we experiment with eight different machine learning algorithms and 60 predictor variables that characterize the social environment, the physical environment, and the aspects and degrees of neighborhood disorder. Our analysis suggests that (a) the sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables are the strongest predictors for tract-level health outcomes and (b) the historical records of 311 service requests can be a useful complementary data source as the information distilled from the 311 data often helps improve the models' performance. The machine learning models yielded from this study can help the public and city officials evaluate future scenarios and understand how changes in the neighborhood conditions can lead to changes in the health outcomes. By analyzing where the most significant discrepancies between the predicted and the actual values are, we will also be ready to identify areas of best practice and areas in need of greater investment or policy intervention.
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| 7. |
- Feng, Junfeng, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Care System and Treatment Approaches for Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury in China versus Europe : A CENTER-TBI Survey Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurotrauma. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 0897-7151 .- 1557-9042. ; 37:16, s. 1806-1817
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a huge public health and societal problem worldwide. Uncertainty exists on how care system and treatment approaches for TBI worked in China may differ from those in Europe. Better knowledge on this is important to facilitate interpretation of findings reported by Chinese researchers and to inform opportunities for collaborative studies. We aimed to investigate concordance and variations in TBI care between Chinese and European neurotrauma centers. Investigators from 52 centers in China and 68 in Europe involved in the Collaborative European Neuro Trauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study were invited to complete provider profiling (PP) questionnaires, which covered the main aspects of care system and treatment approaches of TBI care. Participating Chinese and European centers were mainly publicly funded and academic. More centers in China indicated available dedicated neuro-intensive care than those in Europe (98% vs. 60%), and treatment decisions in the ICU were mainly determined by neurosurgeons (58%) in China while in Europe, (neuro)intensivists often took the lead (61%). The ambulance dispatching system was automatic in half of Chinese centers (49%), whereas selective dispatching was more common in European centers (74%). For treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension, a decompressive craniectomy was more frequently regarded as general policy in China compared with in Europe (89% vs. 45%). We observed both concordance and substantial variations with regard to the various aspects of TBI care between Chinese and European centers. These findings are fundamental to guide future research and offer opportunities for collaborative comparative effectiveness research to identify best practices.
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| 8. |
- Gao, Wenxuan, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of spent mushroom substrate as substitute of peat in Chinese biobeds
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0964-8305 .- 1879-0208. ; 98, s. 107-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biobeds are an effective system for minimising the risk of point-source contamination by pesticides. The original biobed system comprises a clay layer at the bottom, a biomixture layer and a grass layer on top. The composition of the biomixture, which in the original Swedish model consisted of soil: peat: wheat straw (1:1:2 by volume), determines the efficiency of the system. Since the use of peat is not environmentally or economically feasible in China, this study tested the potential of replacing it with a locally available material, spent mushroom substrate (SMS). Three biomixtures containing different SMS (Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes and Lentinus edodes) were compared with a biomixture containing peat, as in the original Swedish design, and a control containing soil alone. The fungicide chlorothalonil and the insecticide imidacloprid were used as model pesticides in the tests. Microbial activity (measured as respiration and phenoloxidase and hydrolytic activity) and pesticide dissipation were studied. Microbial activity was higher in the three biomixtures containing SMS than in the original-type biomixture. Among the SMS biomixtures, that containing SMS from L.edodes was the most biologically active. However, pesticide dissipation was comparable in all four biomixtures and significant differences were only found between biomixtures and the soil-alone control. Based on the physicochemical characteristics, biological activity and preliminary results on pesticide degradation, SMS are suitable and can therefore be used as a substitutes for peat.
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| 9. |
- Li, Xiaodong, et al.
(författare)
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Critical role of the external bias in improving the performance of polymer solar cells with a small molecule electrolyte interlayer
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 3:2, s. 504-508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A small-molecule electrolyte based on the popular ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA-N) is introduced as an efficient cathode interlayer in inverted polymer solar cells, helping to deliver power conversion efficiency over 9%. The strong dependence of device performance on the external bias suggests that the ion motion plays a critical role in improving the performance of devices with electrolyte interlayers.
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| 10. |
- Li, Xiaodong, et al.
(författare)
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Disodium Edetate As a Promising Interfacial Material for Inverted Organic Solar Cells and the Device Performance Optimization
- 2014
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 6:23, s. 20569-20573
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disodium edetate (EDTA-Na), a popular hexadentate ligand in analytical chemistry, was successfully introduced in organic solar cells (OSCs) as cathode interfacial layer. The inverted OSCs with EDTA-Na showed superior performance both in power conversion efficiency and devices stability compared with conventional devices. Interestingly, we found that the performance of devices with EDTA-Na could be optimized through external bias treatment. After optimization, the efficiency of inverted OSCs with device structure of ITO/EDTA-Na/polymer thieno[3,4-b]thiophene/benzodithiophene (PTB7):PC71BM/MoO3/Al was significantly increased to 8.33% from an initial value of 6.75%. This work introduces a new class of interlayer materials, small molecule electrolytes, for organic solar cells.
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