| 1. |
- Battistoni, Giuseppe, et al.
(författare)
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Applications of FLUKA Monte Carlo code for nuclear and accelerator physics
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X .- 1872-9584. ; 269:24, s. 2850-2856
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- FLUKA is a general purpose Monte Carlo code capable of handling all radiation components from thermal energies (for neutrons) or 1 keV (for all other particles) to cosmic ray energies and can be applied in many different fields. Presently the code is maintained on Linux. The validity of the physical models implemented in FLUKA has been benchmarked against a variety of experimental data over a wide energy range, from accelerator data to cosmic ray showers in the Earth atmosphere. FLUKA is widely used for studies related both to basic research and to applications in particle accelerators, radiation protection and dosimetry, including the specific issue of radiation damage in space missions, radiobiology (including radiotherapy) and cosmic ray calculations.After a short description of the main features that make FLUKA valuable for these topics, the present paper summarizes some of the recent applications of the FLUKA Monte Carlo code in the nuclear as well high energy physics. In particular it addresses such topics as accelerator related applications.
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| 2. |
- Battistoni, Giuseppe, et al.
(författare)
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FLUKA Capabilities and CERN Applications for the Study of Radiation Damage to Electronics at High-Energy Hadron Accelerators
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The assessment of radiation damage to electronics is a complex process and requires a detailed description of the full particle energy spectra, as well as a clear characterization of the quantities used to predict radiation damage. FLUKA, a multi-purpose particle interaction and transport code, is capable of calculating proton-proton and heavy ion collisions at LHC energies and beyond. It correctly describes the entire hadronic and electromagnetic particle cascade initiated by secondary particles from TeV energies down to thermal neutrons, and provides direct scoring capabilities essential to estimate in detail the possible risk of radiation damage to electronics. This paper presents the FLUKA capabilities for applications related to radiation damage to electronics, providing benchmarking examples and showing the practical applications of FLUKA at CERN facilities such as CNGS and LHC. Related applications range from the study of device effects, the detailed characterization of the radiation field and radiation monitor calibration, to the input requirements for important mitigation studies including shielding, relocation or other options.
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| 3. |
- Battistoni, Giuseppe, et al.
(författare)
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The Application of the Monte Carlo Code FLUKA in Radiation Protection Studies for the Large Hadron Collider
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The multi-purpose particle interaction and transport code FLUKA is integral part of all radiation protection studies for the design and operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It is one of the very few codes available for this type of calculations which is capable to calculate in one and the same simulation proton-proton and heavy ion collisions at LHC energies as well as the entire hadronic and electromagnetic particle cascade initiated by secondary particles in detectors and beam-line components from TeV energies down to energies of thermal neutrons. The present paper reviews these capabilities of FLUKA in sketching the relevant physics models along with examples ofradiation protection studies for the LHC such as shielding studies for underground areas occupied by personnel during LHC operation and the simulation of induced radioactivity around beam loss points. Integral part of the FLUKA development is a careful benchmarking of specific models as well as the code performance in actual, complex applications which is demonstrated with examples of studies relevant to radiation protection at the LHC.
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| 6. |
- Böhlen, Till Tobias, et al.
(författare)
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Simulations of microdosimetric quantities with the Monte Carlo code FLUKA for carbon ions at therapeutic energies
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Radiation Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0955-3002 .- 1362-3095. ; 88:1-2, s. 176-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Microdosimetric quantities can be used to estimate the biological effectiveness of radiation fields. This study evaluates the capability of the general-purpose Monte Carlo code FLUKA to simulate microscopic patterns of energy depositions for mixed radiation fields which are created by carbon ions at therapeutic energies in phantoms. Materials and methods: Measured lineal energy spectra and linear energy transfer (LET) spectra produced by carbon ions of about 300 MeV/n at different depths in phantoms representing human tissue were chosen from published literature and were compared with results from simulations of the measurement set-ups with FLUKA. Results: Simulations of the dose-weighted lineal energy spectra yd(y) and dose-weighted LET spectra describe the main features of the respective measured spectra. All simulated frequency mean and dose mean lineal energy values are, respectively, within 21% and 11% of the measured ones. A slight underestimation of fragment fluences is notable. It is shown that the simultaneous detection of several charged fragments in the TEPC ('V effect') has considerable impact on the measured lineal energy spectra of fragments. Conclusions: Agreement between measurements and FLUKA results is encouraging and shows that FLUKA can predict microdosimetric spectra of mixed radiation fields created by therapeutic carbon ions in phantoms reasonably well.
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| 7. |
- Ferrari, Raffaele, et al.
(författare)
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Frontotemporal dementia and its subtypes: a genome-wide association study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - 1474-4465. ; 13:7, s. 686-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a complex disorder characterised by a broad range of clinical manifestations, differential pathological signatures, and genetic variability. Mutations in three genes-MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72-have been associated with FTD. We sought to identify novel genetic risk loci associated with the disorder.
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| 8. |
- Jordan, Johnathon R., et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Changes in the Atmospheric Neutrino Rate over Gigayear Timescales
- 2020
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 125:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measuring the cosmic ray flux over timescales comparable to the age of the Solar System, similar to 4.5 Gyr, could provide a new window on the history of the Earth, the Solar System, and even our Galaxy. We present a technique to indirectly measure the rate of cosmic rays as a function of time using the imprints of atmospheric neutrinos in paleo-detectors, natural minerals that record damage tracks from nuclear recoils. Minerals commonly found on Earth are less than or similar to 1 Gyr old, providing the ability to look back across cosmic ray history on timescales of the same order as the age of the Solar System. Given a collection of differently aged samples dated with reasonable accuracy, this technique is particularly well-suited to measuring historical changes in the cosmic ray flux at Earth and is broadly applicable in astrophysics and geophysics.
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| 9. |
- Rudolph, Dirk, et al.
(författare)
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High-Resolution Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy of Relativistic Radioactive Beams : From RISING via PreSPEC towards HISPEC/DESPEC at FAIR
- 2009
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Ingår i: CERN-Proceedings-2010-001 : 12th International Conference on Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms - 12th International Conference on Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms. ; , s. 275-282
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of atomic nuclei far from the line of β-stability by means of radioactive ion beams is undertaken at several large-scale facilities throughout the world. These proceedings summarize high-resolution γ-ray spectroscopy investigations based on relativistic radioactive ion beams produced and prepared by the SIS/FRS facility of the GSI Helmholtz-Centre for Heavy-Ion Research and a brief outlook towards the next-generation experiments at both GSI and FAIR.
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