| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 3. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 4. |
- Chernev, Petko, et al.
(författare)
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Light-driven formation of manganese oxide by today's photosystem II supports evolutionarily ancient manganese-oxidizing photosynthesis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water oxidation and concomitant dioxygen formation by the manganese-calcium cluster of oxygenic photosynthesis has shaped the biosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere. It has been hypothesized that at an early stage of evolution, before photosynthetic water oxidation became prominent, light-driven formation of manganese oxides from dissolved Mn(2+) ions may have played a key role in bioenergetics and possibly facilitated early geological manganese deposits. Here we report the biochemical evidence for the ability of photosystems to form extended manganese oxide particles. The photochemical redox processes in spinach photosystem-II particles devoid of the manganese-calcium cluster are tracked by visible-light and X-ray spectroscopy. Oxidation of dissolved manganese ions results in high-valent Mn(III, IV)-oxide nanoparticles of the birnessite type bound to photosystem II, with 50-100 manganese ions per photosystem. Having shown that even today's photosystem II can form birnessite-type oxide particles efficiently, we propose an evolutionary scenario, which involves manganese-oxide production by ancestral photosystems, later followed by downsizing of protein-bound manganese-oxide nanoparticles to finally yield today's catalyst of photosynthetic water oxidation.
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| 5. |
- Di, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence-based approach to assess passive diffusion and carrier-mediated drug transport
- 2012
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Ingår i: Drug Discovery Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6446 .- 1878-5832. ; 17:15-16, s. 905-912
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence supporting the action of passive diffusion and carrier-mediated (CM) transport in drug bioavailability and disposition is discussed to refute the recently proposed theory that drug transport is CM-only and that new transporters will be discovered that possess transport characteristics ascribed to passive diffusion. Misconceptions and faulty speculations are addressed to provide reliable guidance on choosing appropriate tools for drug design and optimization.
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| 6. |
- Eichhorst, B., et al.
(författare)
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First-Line Venetoclax Combinations in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
- 2023
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Ingår i: New England Journal of Medicine. - : MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC. - 0028-4793 .- 1533-4406. ; 388:19, s. 1739-1754
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Randomized trials of venetoclax plus anti-CD20 antibodies as first-line treatment in fit patients (i.e., those with a low burden of coexisting conditions) with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have been lacking. Methods In a phase 3, open-label trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1:1:1 ratio, fit patients with CLL who did not have TP53 aberrations to receive six cycles of chemoimmunotherapy (fludarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab or bendamustine-rituximab) or 12 cycles of venetoclax-rituximab, venetoclax-obinutuzumab, or venetoclax-obinutuzumab-ibrutinib. Ibrutinib was discontinued after two consecutive measurements of undetectable minimal residual disease or could be extended. The primary end points were undetectable minimal residual disease (sensitivity,
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| 7. |
- Farinotti, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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How accurate are estimates of glacier ice thickness? Results from ITMIX, the Ice Thickness Models Intercomparison eXperiment
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Cryosphere. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1994-0416 .- 1994-0424. ; 11, s. 949-970
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of the ice thickness distribution of glaciers and ice caps is an important prerequisite for many glaciological and hydrological investigations. A wealth of approaches has recently been presented for inferring ice thickness from characteristics of the surface. With the Ice Thickness Models Intercomparison eXperiment (ITMIX) we performed the first coordinated assessment quantifying individual model performance. A set of 17 different models showed that individual ice thickness estimates can differ considerably – locally by a spread comparable to the observed thickness. Averaging the results of multiple models, however, significantly improved the results: on average over the 21 considered test cases, comparison against direct ice thickness measurements revealed deviations on the order of 10 ± 24 % of the mean ice thickness (1σ estimate). Models relying on multiple data sets – such as surface ice velocity fields, surface mass balance, or rates of ice thickness change – showed high sensitivity to input data quality. Together with the requirement of being able to handle large regions in an automated fashion, the capacity of better accounting for uncertainties in the input data will be a key for an improved next generation of ice thickness estimation approaches.
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| 8. |
- Fey, Holger, et al.
(författare)
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Isolation of highly active photosystem II core complexes with a His-tagged Cyt b559 subunit from transplastomic tobacco plants
- 2008
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-2728 .- 1879-2650. ; 1777:12, s. 1501-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photosystem II (PSII) is a huge multi-protein-complex consisting, in higher plants and green algae, of the PS II core and the adjacent light harvesting proteins. In the study reported here, N-terminal His-tags were added to the plastome-encoded α-subunit of cytochrome b559, PsbE, in tobacco plants, thus facilitating rapid, mild purification of higher plant PSII. Biolistic chloroplast transformation was used to replace the wildtype psbE gene by His-tagged counterparts. Transgenic plants did not exhibit an obvious phenotype. However, the oxygen evolution capacity of thylakoids prepared from the mutants compared to the wildtype was reduced by 10–30% depending on the length of the His-tag, although Fv/Fm values differed only slightly. Homoplasmic F1 plants were used to isolate PSII cores complexes. The cores contained no detectable traces of LHC or PsaA/B polypeptides, but the main core subunits of PSII could be identified using immunodetection and mass spectroscopy. In addition, Psb27 and PsbS were detected. The presence of the former was presumably due to the preparation method, since PSII complexes located in the stroma are also isolated. In contrast to previous reports, PsbS was solely found as a monomer on SDS-PAGE in the PSII core complexes of tobacco.
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| 9. |
- Hermann, Sebastian, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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In The CLEW Model – Developing an integrated tool for modelling the interrelated effects of Climate, Land use, Energy, and Water (CLEW)
- 2011
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Ingår i: 6th Dubrovnik Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems - Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the prototype of new tool which analyses the Climate-, Land-, Energy- and Water- (CLEW) re-sources and their interactions and implications associated with socio-economic development. The presented CLEW model focuses specifically on the analysis of different energy (technology) options and their impact on other resources – e.g. their contribution to climate change, land use change, and water consumption.The CLEW model systematically quantifies trade-offs associated with actions aimed at meeting development goals (specifically energy, food, and water supply) and their impact on the climate, water and environment. The model quantifies resource use with calculations based on collected data, assumptions and user-defined scenarios. Importantly, the model is not limited to internal or national effects but also includes external changes induced through energy imports or exports and land use change. Exemplary, a first preliminary modelling exercise for the island of Mauritius has shown very strong implications on GHG emissions when switching to locally produced biofuels (bio-ethanol) through induced land-use changes and is presented in the second part of this paper.
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| 10. |
- Hippe, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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EGFR/Ras-induced CCL20 production modulates the tumour microenvironment.
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 123:6, s. 942-954
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The activation of the EGFR/Ras-signalling pathway in tumour cells induces a distinct chemokine repertoire, which in turn modulates the tumour microenvironment.METHODS: The effects of EGFR/Ras on the expression and translation of CCL20 were analysed in a large set of epithelial cancer cell lines and tumour tissues by RT-qPCR and ELISA in vitro. CCL20 production was verified by immunohistochemistry in different tumour tissues and correlated with clinical data. The effects of CCL20 on endothelial cell migration and tumour-associated vascularisation were comprehensively analysed with chemotaxis assays in vitro and in CCR6-deficient mice in vivo.RESULTS: Tumours facilitate progression by the EGFR/Ras-induced production of CCL20. Expression of the chemokine CCL20 in tumours correlates with advanced tumour stage, increased lymph node metastasis and decreased survival in patients. Microvascular endothelial cells abundantly express the specific CCL20 receptor CCR6. CCR6 signalling in endothelial cells induces angiogenesis. CCR6-deficient mice show significantly decreased tumour growth and tumour-associated vascularisation. The observed phenotype is dependent on CCR6 deficiency in stromal cells but not within the immune system.CONCLUSION: We propose that the chemokine axis CCL20-CCR6 represents a novel and promising target to interfere with the tumour microenvironment, and opens an innovative multimodal strategy for cancer therapy.
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