| 1. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- de Vries, Claire E. E., et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes of the first global multidisciplinary consensus meeting including persons living with obesity to standardize patient-reported outcome measurement in obesity treatment research
- 2022
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Ingår i: Obesity Reviews. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1467-7881 .- 1467-789X. ; 23:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quality of life is a key outcome that is not rigorously measured in obesity treatment research due to the lack of standardization of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and PRO measures (PROMs). The S.Q.O.T. initiative was founded to Standardize Quality of life measurement in Obesity Treatment. A first face-to-face, international, multidisciplinary consensus meeting was conducted to identify the key PROs and preferred PROMs for obesity treatment research. It comprised of 35 people living with obesity (PLWO) and healthcare providers (HCPs). Formal presentations, nominal group techniques, and modified Delphi exercises were used to develop consensus-based recommendations. The following eight PROs were considered important: self-esteem, physical health/functioning, mental/psychological health, social health, eating, stigma, body image, and excess skin. Self-esteem was considered the most important PRO, particularly for PLWO, while physical health was perceived to be the most important among HCPs. For each PRO, one or more PROMs were selected, except for stigma. This consensus meeting was a first step toward standardizing PROs (what to measure) and PROMs (how to measure) in obesity treatment research. It provides an overview of the key PROs and a first selection of the PROMs that can be used to evaluate these PROs.
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| 4. |
- Jayawickrama, Ravisha S., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing explicit weight bias among Australian health care students : Suitability of the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and the Antifat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA).
- 2023
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Ingår i: Stigma and Health. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 2376-6972 .- 2376-6964.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the suitability of the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and Antifat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) among Australian health care students. Specifically, we explored the factor structures of the two scales, their psychometric properties including internal consistency and convergent validity, and whether they were impacted by social desirability bias. Students studying health care courses at Australian universities (N = 900) responded to an online survey and completed the BAOP, AFA, 13-item Short Form Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS), Empathy for Obese Patients, and Confidence in Clinical Interaction With Obese Patients scales. Confirmatory factor analyses, Pearson’s correlations, and linear regressions were conducted to examine the factor structures of the BAOP and AFA, examine their convergent validity, and whether scores on these scales were associated with socially desirable responding. Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the originally proposed factor structures of the BAOP (one factor) and AFA (three factors) and supported a relatively good model fit. Support for convergent validity of the two measures was shown when correlated with each other and the Empathy for Obese Patients and Confidence in Clinical Interaction With Obese Patients scales. The BAOP was not associated with socially desirable responding (p > .5). In contrast, all subscales of the AFA were associated with socially desirable responding (p < .5); as AFA scores increased, participants were less likely to respond in a socially desirable manner. The BAOP and AFA are considerably suitable measures to assess explicit weight bias among Australian health care students.Our findings indicate that the Beliefs About Obese Persons Scale (BAOP) and Antifat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA) are considerably suitable measures to assess explicit weight bias among Australian health care students. Our findings support the continued assessment of explicit weight bias among health care students in order to quantify this construct within this population. Quantifying the extent to which explicit weight bias is present among health care students may assist in the development of novel weight bias reduction interventions to reduce students’ exhibited weight bias, with the goal of enabling future health care professionals to provide equitable treatment to people living with overweight.
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| 5. |
- Jayawickrama, Ravisha S, et al.
(författare)
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Explicit and implicit weight bias among health care students : a cross-sectional study of 39 Australian universities.
- 2023
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Ingår i: eClinicalMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2589-5370. ; 58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Weight bias exhibited by health care students may continue into their future practice, compromising the provision of care that people living with overweight or obesity receive. This highlights the need to comprehensively examine the extent to which weight bias is present among health care students and the factors that may be associated with students' weight bias.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, Australian university students enrolled in health care courses were invited via social media advertisements, snowball and convenience sampling, and by making direct contact with universities to complete an online survey. Students provided demographic information including discipline of study, perceived weight status, and state of residence. Students then completed several measures which assessed their explicit and implicit weight bias, and empathy. Descriptive statistics established the presence of explicit and implicit weight bias, and ANCOVAs, ANOVA, and multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the potential factors associated with students' exhibited weight bias.FINDINGS: Between March 08, 2022, and March 15, 2022, 900 eligible health care students attending 39 Australian universities participated in the study. Students reported varying levels of explicit and implicit weight bias, with minimal differences between disciplines on most outcome measures. Students who identified as men (vs. women) exhibited higher of both explicit and implicit bias (Beliefs About Obese Persons (BAOP): p = 0.0002, Antifat Attitudes Questionnaire (AFA)-Dislike: p = 0.019, AFA Willpower p < 0.0001, Empathy for Obese Patients: p = 0.0011, Implicit Association Test: p = 0.022), and students who displayed greater (vs. less) empathic concern exhibited lower levels of explicit bias (BAOP, AFA Dislike and Willpower, and Empathy for Obese Patients: p < 0.0001). Having witnessed the enactment of weight stigma sporadically (vs. regularly) by role models was associated with greater attribution of the causes of obesity to willpower (a few times a month vs. daily: p = 0.020, a few times a year vs. daily: p = 0.022), and less time spent with people living with overweight or obesity outside of study was associated with more dislike (a few times a month vs. daily: p = 0.0048, once a month vs. daily: p = 0.0002) and less fear of fat (once a month vs. daily: p = 0.036, and once a month vs. a few times a week: p = 0.0028).INTERPRETATION: Results demonstrate the presence of both explicit and implicit weight bias among Australian health care students. Several characteristics and experiences of students were associated with their weight bias. Validity of the exhibited weight bias should be established in practical interactions with people living with overweight or obesity and novel interventions should be developed to ameliorate weight bias.FUNDING: Research Training Program (RTP) Scholarship, Australian Government, Department of Education.
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| 6. |
- Offer, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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The association between childhood trauma and overweight and obesity in young adults : the mediating role of food addiction.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Eating and Weight Disorders. - : Springer. - 1124-4909 .- 1590-1262. ; 27:8, s. 3257-3266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Childhood trauma is associated with increased risk of obesity during adulthood, which may be associated with the development of food addiction. This study examined whether food addiction mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and obesity in young adults.METHODS: A sample of 512 young adults, aged 18 to 30 years, living with overweight and obesity (Body Mass Index ≥ 25 kg/m2), from the United Kingdom participated in the study. Participants completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Yale Food Addiction Scale, and provided their current height and weight to compute their Body Mass Index (BMI).RESULTS: Using the PROCESS macro, a mediation analysis found that food addiction accounted for 45% of variance in the relationship between childhood trauma and BMI. Post hoc analyses were conducted to examine the mediating effect of food addiction across each of the five subscales of the CTQ (emotional/physical/sexual abuse and emotional/physical neglect). Food addiction accounted for 32% to 51% of the variance in the relationship between each CTQ subscale and BMI.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that experiences of childhood trauma are associated with the development of overweight and obesity during early adulthood and up to half of this relationship can be attributed to food addiction, which is likely used as a maladaptive coping mechanism in response to trauma. Young adults living with overweight and obesity who report experiences of childhood trauma may benefit from the support of clinical and counselling psychologists to improve their understanding of the underlying psychosocial factors that influence their eating behaviours.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, cross-sectional analytic study.
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