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- Samuelsson, Stefan, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal study of reading skills among very-low-birthweight children : Is there a catch-up?
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Psychology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0146-8693 .- 1465-735X. ; 31:9, s. 967-977
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine the development of reading skills among very-low-birthweight (VLBW) children and to what extent reading difficulties at 9 years of age persist unchanged, are attenuated, or are enhanced at 15 years of age. Methods: Fifty-six VLBW and 52 normal birthweight (NBW) children were assessed on word decoding, word recognition, and reading comprehension at 9 and 15 years of age. Results: VLBW children showed deficits in reading skill at 9 years of age, while most differences obtained at 15 years of age did not reach significance. VLBW children improved their reading comprehension between 9 and 15 years of age more than NBW children, and when controlling for individual differences in IQ, VLBW children improved both their reading comprehension and word-recognition skill. Conclusion: The results suggest that VLBW children display positive changes over time in reading skills. © The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Ahsgren, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Ataxia, autism, and the cerebellum: a clinical study of 32 individuals with congenital ataxia.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 47:3, s. 193-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The suggested link between autism and cerebellar dysfunction formed the background for a Swedish clinical study in 2001. Thirty-two children (17 females, 15 males; mean age 12y, SD 3y 10mo; range 6 to 21y) with a clinical suspicion of non-progressive congenital ataxia were examined, and parents were interviewed about the presence of neuropsychiatric problems in the child. Twelve children had simple ataxia, eight had ataxic diplegia, and 12 had 'borderline' ataxia. All but one of the 32 children had a mild to moderate gross motor disability according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (15 were categorized as level I, 16 as level II, and one child as level IV). Neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing were achieved in most cases. There was a strong association between learning disability* and autism spectrum disorder (often combined with hyperactivity disorder) on the one hand, and both simple and borderline 'ataxia' on the other, but a weaker link between ataxic diplegia and neuropsychiatric disorders. A correlation between cerebellar macropathology on neuroimaging and neuropsychiatric disorders was not supported. Congenital ataxia might not be a clear-cut syndrome of cerebellar disease, but one of many signs of prenatal events or syndromes, leading to a complex neurodevelopmental disorder including autism and learning disability.
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| 5. |
- Flodmark, Carl-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Prevention of progression to severe obesity in a group of obese schoolchildren treated with family therapy
- 1993
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Ingår i: Pediatrics. - 1098-4275. ; 91:5, s. 880-884
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY OBJECTIVE. To evaluate the effect of family therapy on childhood obesity. DESIGN. Clinical trial. One year follow-up. SETTING. Referral from school after screening. PARTICIPANTS. Of 1774 children (aged 10 to 11), screened for obesity, 44 obese children were divided into two treatment groups. In an untreated control group of 50 obese children, screened in the same manner, body mass index (BMI) values were recorded twice, at 10 to 11 and at 14 years of age. INTERVENTION. Both treatment groups received comparable dietary counseling and medical checkups for a period of 14 to 18 months, while one of the groups also received family therapy. RESULTS. At the 1-year follow-up, when the children were 14 years of age, intention- to-treat analyses were made of the weight and height data for 39 of 44 children in the two treatment groups and for 48 of the 50 control children. The increase of BMI in the family therapy group was less than in the conventional treatment group at the end of treatment, and less than in the control group (P = .04 and P = .02, respectively). Moreover, mean BMI was significantly lower in the family therapy group than in the control group (P < .05), and the family therapy group also had fewer children with BMI > 30 than the control group (P = .02). The reduction of triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfold thicknesses, expressed as percentages of the initial values, was significantly greater in the family therapy group than in the conventional treatment group (P = .03, P = .005 and P = .002, respectively), and their physical fitness was significantly better (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS. Family therapy seems to be effective in preventing progression to severe obesity during adolescence if the treatment starts at 10 to 11 years of age.
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| 6. |
- Grönqvist, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Association between visual impairment and functional and morphological cerebral abnormalities in full-term children
- 2001
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1395-3907. ; 79:2, s. 140-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To characterise the nature and degree of ocular disorders and cerebral morphological and functional abnormalities in a population-based group of visually impaired full-term pre-school children. Methods: Forty-five children who were born at full-term between 1989 and 1995 in Varmland, Sweden, were reported as being visually impaired. An ophthalmological examination was performed and clinical data regarding mental development and neurological disease were obtained for all children. Cerebral imaging was performed in 35 children, Results: Twenty-six per cent of the children were found to have ocular disorders only. Forty-two per cent had cerebral morphological abnormalities, verified by cerebral imaging, and 65% had signs of cerebral functional abnormalities. In total, 74% were found to have cerebral morphological and/or cerebral functional abnormalities. Conclusion: The majority of children with visual impairment, including children with ocular disorders, were found to have cerebral morphological and/or cerebral functional abnormalities. We suggest that any child with visual impairment should therefore undergo cerebral imaging and be examined by a paediatrician in order to establish the correct diagnosis.
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| 8. |
- Holmefur, Marie, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Factors that predict and correlate with development of hand function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy
- 2012
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Ingår i: 9th COTEC Congress of Occupational Therapy.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier studies of development of hand function showed large variation between individuals in course of development.Aim: To identify factors that predict or correlate with development of hand function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).Methods: Forty-five children with unilateral CP (inclusion age 18-64 months) were measured repeatedly with the Assisting Hand Assessment over on average 4,5 years. Data was collected on brain lesion (n=27), learning ability, sensibility in affected hand etc. A non-linear mixed models analysis was used.Results: Type, extent and location of brain lesion could predict development of hand function. Decreased learning ability was a predictor of slower development of hand function. Poor sensibility in the affected hand correlated with slower development and a lower ability level compared to children with good sensibility.Conclusion: Development of hand function can be predicted by brain lesion and is correlated to learning ability and sensibility in the affected hand.
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| 9. |
- Holmefur, Marie, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroradiology can predict the development of hand function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy
- 2013
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Ingår i: Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. - : Sage Publications. - 1545-9683 .- 1552-6844. ; 27:1, s. 72-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Much variation is found in the development of hand function in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).OBJECTIVE: To explore how anatomic brain abnormalities can be used to predict the development of hand function.METHODS: A total of 32 children with unilateral CP (16 boys and 16 girls) were evaluated at least once a year by the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA). The data collection covered an age range from 18 months to 8 years (mean time in study, 4 years and 6 months). Computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were assessed for patterns of brain damage, including the location of gray and extent of white-matter damage. The children were divided into groups according to lesion characteristics, and a series of univariate models were analyzed with a nonlinear mixed-effects model. The rate and maximum limit of development were calculated.RESULTS: The highest predictive power of better development of hand function was the absence of a concurrent lesion to the basal ganglia and thalamus, independent of the basic type of brain lesion. This model predicted both the rate of increasing ability and hand function at age 8 years. Hand function was also predicted by the basic pattern of damage and by the extent of white-matter damage. The presence of unilateral or bilateral damage had no predictive value.CONCLUSIONS: Neuroradiological findings can be used to make a crude prediction of the future development of the use of the affected hand in young children with unilateral CP.
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| 10. |
- Jacobson, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Visual field defects in prematurely born patients with white matter damage of immaturity : a multiple-case study.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1395-3907 .- 1600-0420. ; 84:3, s. 357-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: White matter damage of immaturity may affect visual, motor and cognitive functions. This multiple-case study presents standardized perimetry results in six teenagers and young adults born prematurely with visual dysfunction due to white matter damage of immaturity of pre- or perinatal origin. METHODS: Six subjects, aged 13-25 years, born at a gestational age of 28-34 weeks, with white matter damage of immaturity documented by MRI, and optic disc appearances documented by fundus photography, were examined with manual and computerized quantitative perimetry. RESULTS: All subjects had subnormal visual field (VF) function, although the depth and extension of the VF defects differed between subjects. The inferior VF function was more deviant than the superior in all cases. The concordance between the VF defects detected with the different techniques was good, although the static computerized techniques revealed slightly more abnormality. CONCLUSION: White matter damage of immaturity may affect the VF. The lower VF is often more affected than the upper. The abnormalities can be demonstrated by both manual and computerized perimetry.
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