| 1. |
- Sjöberg, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Quantification of population exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in Sweden 2005
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The population exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in ambient air for the year 2005 has been quantified (annualand daily mean concentrations) and the health and associated economic consequences have beencalculated based on these results. The PM10 urban background concentrations are found to be ratherlow compared to the environmental standard for the annual mean (40 μg/m3) in most of the country.However, in some parts, mainly in southern Sweden, the concentrations were of the same magnitude asthe environmental objective (20 μg/m3 as an annual mean) for the year 2010. The majority of people,90%, were exposed to annual mean concentrations of PM10 less than 20 μg/m3. Less than 1% of theSwedish inhabitants experienced exposure levels of PM10 above 25 μg/m3. The urban backgroundconcentrations of PM2.5 were in the same order of magnitude as the environmental objective (12 μg/m3as an annual mean for the year 2010) in quite a large part of the country. About 50% of the populationwas exposed to PM2.5 annual mean concentrations less than 10 μg/m3, while less than 2% experiencedlevels above 15 μg/m3.Using a cut off at 5 μg/m3 of PM10 as the annual mean (roughly excluding natural PM) and sourcespecific ER-functions, we estimate approximately 3 400 premature deaths per year. Together with1 300 - 1 400 new cases of chronic bronchitis, around 1 400 hospital admissions and some 4.5-5 millionRADs, the societal cost for health impacts is estimated at approximately 26 billion SEK per year. ForPM2.5 we estimate somewhat lower numbers, approximately 3 100 premature deaths per year.The results suggest that the health effects related to high annual mean levels of PM can be valued toannual socio-economic costs (welfare losses) of ~26 billion Swedish crowns (SEK) during 2005.Approximately 1.4 of these 26 billion SEK consist of productivity losses for society. Furthermore, theamount of working and studying days lost constitutes some ~0.1% of the total amount of working andstudying days in Sweden during 2005.
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| 2. |
- Arvidsson, Klara, 1983-
(författare)
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« C'est ça, en fait. » Développer l'idiomaticité dans une L2 pendant un séjour linguistique : Trois études sur le rôle des différences individuelles
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with the development of idiomaticity in French as a second language (L2). Idiomaticity in this context refers to knowledge and use of multiword expressions (MWEs), such as for example c'est ça and en fait. Developing idiomaticity is an important yet challenging aspect of L2 learning, and requires substantial exposure to the target language (TL). This makes the study abroad learning context ideal. However, research shows that learners vary considerably with respect to their linguistic development during their stay abroad. The aim of this thesis is to investigate what factors promote the development of idiomaticity in L2 French during a semester abroad. The thesis comprises three studies which are informed by usage-based approaches to language learning and individual difference research, and which include a total of 43 participants. Study I quantitatively investigates the role of quantity of TL contact for the learning of MWEs used in informal conversations. The results show that quantity of TL contact during the stay abroad did not predict the development of MWE knowledge. Study II qualitatively explores what kind of TL contact and what psychological orientation (a constellation of psychological factors) might promote MWE learning by focusing on contrasting cases of learners from Study I. The findings suggest that a relatively varied contact with the TL in combination with a favorable psychological orientation promoted MWE learning, including a self-reported tendency to notice language forms, a strong L2 motivation, a sense of self-efficacy and self-regulatory capabilities. Study III explores the role of social networks for the development of idiomaticity in spoken L2 French. It is found that the learner's repertoire of MWEs was promoted by a social network including several relationships sustained in the TL. Overall, the findings suggest that a relatively varied TL contact in combination with a favorable psychological orientation and/or a social network including TL speakers promote the development of L2 idiomaticity during the semester abroad. In other words, mere exposure to the TL does not seem to be enough to develop idiomaticity. This thesis contributes to SA research on L2 learning and can hopefully be of use to future SA participants who want to develop their knowledge and use of MWEs which are key to successful communication in an L2.
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| 3. |
- Arvidsson, Klara, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Réseaux sociaux et développement linguistique : Une étude de cas en français L2
- 2019
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Ingår i: Language, Interaction and Acquisition. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1879-7865 .- 1879-7873. ; 10:2, s. 255-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cette étude longitudinale contribue aux recherches sur l’ acquisition d’ une langue seconde (L2) dans le contexte de séjour linguistique à l'étranger (Study Abroad), où l’ on s’ intéresse de plus en plus à comprendre comment les facteurs non-linguistiques interagissent avec le développement linguistique. Elle étudie le rôle de la nature du réseau social (au sens sociologique) de l’ apprenant dans le développement de la production orale en français L2 chez deux étudiants suédois qui passent un semestre en France et dont les niveaux d’ intégration dans la communauté de la langue cible (LC) s’ opposent. L’ analyse suggère qu’ un réseau social plus riche en relations en LC confère un avantage supplémentaire en ce qui concerne le développement du répertoire des expressions polylexicales (EPL) de l’ apprenant, mais non pas le développement de l’ exactitude grammaticale, de la diversité lexicale et de l’ usage des marqueurs discursifs. Ainsi, l’ étude vient partiellement à l’ appui de la supposition que le réseau social de l’ apprenant explique la variation individuelle dans le développement linguistique.
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| 4. |
- Arvidsson, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Self-perceived linguistic progress, target language use and personality development during study abroad
- 2018
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Ingår i: Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 2405-5522 .- 2405-5530. ; 3:1, s. 144-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This exploratory study investigates the development of personality dimensions related to multicultural effectiveness and its relation to amount of target language use and self-perceived progress in speaking during a sojourn abroad in seven European countries. The participants were 59 Swedish and Belgian university students. The Multicultural Personality Questionnaire – Short Form ( van der Zee, Van Oudenhoven, Ponterotto, & Fietzer, 2013 ) was administered at the beginning and the end of the semester, and data on self-reported weekly hours of target language use and self-perceived linguistic progress were gathered at Time 2. The main findings are the observed moderate or near moderate correlations between self-perceived progress in speaking and change in Cultural Empathy, and between amount of target language use and change in Cultural Empathy and Openmindedness. This points to the relevance of further studies on the role of target language use and progress in the development of personality characteristics.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bartning, Inge, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Complexity at the phrasal level in spoken L1 and very advanced L2 French
- 2015
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Ingår i: Language, Interaction and Acquisition. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1879-7865 .- 1879-7873. ; 6:2, s. 181-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines linguistic complexity in the noun phrase in spoken L1 and L2 French. Research on linguistic complexity in L2 has often concentrated on syntactic complexity, subordination in particular. In this study, we focus on syntactic complexity at the phrasal level, i.e. in the noun phrase, following the assumption put forward by Norris and Ortega (2009: 564) that internal NP complexity provides an important measure of very advanced learners. The present study examines pre- and post-modification in the noun phrase in the oral production of very advanced non-native speakers (NNS) and native speakers (NS) elicited through an on-line retelling of a clip from Modern Times. The results confirm our main hypothesis, that there are differences between NS and NNS: NS use more complex NPs, NPs with a higher mean number of words and more NPs with multiple modifiers.
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| 7. |
- Brown, Joshua, et al.
(författare)
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On 'Crisis' and the pessimism of disciplinary discourse in foreign languages : An Australian perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Moderna Språk. - 2000-3560. ; 113:2, s. 40-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates how the disciplinary discourse on the contemporary state of foreign languages in universities hastily refers to these disciplines as being in 'crisis'. This practice is nearly as old as the Humanities itself, and has been employed periodically since at least the 1940s. Despite a period of increasing foreign language enrolment in the first decade of the twenty-first century in Australia, calls of 'crisis' came from across the languages sector. In tracing the use of the term 'crisis', we show how the sector has long been characterised by such alarmist terminology, even when reality suggests otherwise. The article traces this usage in the recent disciplinary discourse in foreign languages. A topical report of the Australian Academy of the Humanities, which shows increased language enrolment over the period 2002-11, leads one to believe that things at universities may not be as bad as first thought. This finding has implications for language enrolments not just in Australia, but around the world.
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| 8. |
- Edlund, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Protocol for a 2-year longitudinal study of eating disturbances, mental health problems and overuse injuries in rock climbers (CLIMB).
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 13:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Rock climbing is a rapidly growing sport in which performance may be affected by participant's weight and leanness, and there may be pressure on athletes with respect to their eating behaviour and body weight. However, there is sparse research performed on climbers, constituting a knowledge gap which the present study aims to fill. The primary outcomes of the study are to examine disordered eating and overuse injuries in rock climbers. Secondary variables are body image, indicators of relative energy deficiency, mental health problems, compulsive training, perfectionism, sleep quality and bone density.METHOD AND ANALYSIS: This prospective longitudinal study aims to recruit Swedish competitive rock climbers (>13 years) via the Swedish Climbing Federation. A non-athlete control group will be recruited via social media (n=equal of the climbing group). Data will be collected using streamlined validated web-based questionnaires with three follow-ups over 2 years. Inclusion criteria for rock climbers will be a minimum advanced level according to International Rock-Climbing Research Association. The non-athlete control group is matched for age and gender. Exclusion criteria are having competed at an elite level in any sport as well as training more often than twice per week. Statistical analyses will include multinominal logistic regression, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). We will assess effect measure modification when relevant and conduct sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of lost to follow-up.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Rock-Climbers' Longitudinal attitudes towards Injuries, Mental health and Body image study, CLIMB, was approved by the Swedish ethics authority (2021-05557-01). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed research papers, reports, research conferences, student theses and stakeholder communications.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT05587270.
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| 9. |
- Forsberg, Klara, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of participating in a group-based sensory modulation intervention for mental health service users
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - 1651-2014. ; 31:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: People with mental health issues often experience difficulties with sensory modulation affecting occupational engagement. Research conducted in inpatient units has shown positive effects of individual sensory modulation interventions, however, research on experiences of group-based interventions in outpatient units is limited. Hence, a group-based sensory modulation intervention was adapted and tested within Swedish mental health outpatient units.AIM: To explore the experiences of participating in a group-based sensory modulation intervention for service users in mental health outpatient units.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This qualitative study involved interviews with 25 informants who had participated in the intervention. The interview data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.RESULTS: Synthesis of the interviews resulted in one overarching theme of ' Embodied awareness facilitates improved coping and sense of self' organised into four themes: (1) ' Developing embodied awareness and strategies', (2) ' Taking control of everyday life', (3) ' Creating a stronger sense of self', and (4) ' From alienation to belonging'.CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: The informants experienced the intervention to provide new embodied coping strategies that had previously been neglected. This understanding may enrich occupational therapy practice in new ways to support service users' engagement in occupations.
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| 10. |
- Forsberg Lundell, Fanny, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Is Multicultural Effectiveness Related to Phrasal Knowledge in English as a Second Language?
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature. - : Australian International Academic Centre. - 2200-3592 .- 2200-3452. ; 7:2, s. 232-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigates the role of personality in language learning, with a special focus on the association between multicultural effectiveness and phrasal knowledge in L1 Dutch L2 English learners in Belgium (n=97). Results from the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) (five personality dimensions) were associated with results from a rational cloze test, measuring productive phrasal knowledge. In addition, scores from grammar proficiency tests were also included, since language proficiency is known to be a strong predictor for phrasal knowledge. A regression analysis revealed significant associations between phrasal knowledge and the personality dimensions Flexibility and Openmindedness, when grammar proficiency was controlled for. This study adds to the growing body of evidence of associations between phrasal knowledge and personality, encouraging researchers to pursue this avenue with learners from different L1/L2 pairings, in different contexts of L2 acquisition.
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