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- Blomberg, Ann-Catrin, PhD stud, 1956-
(författare)
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Operationssjuksköterskans vårdande och kompetens inom perioperativ vård
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall aim was to describe and deepen the understanding of what operating theatre nurses experience as caring and responsibility as well as ethical problems in perioperative practice. The aim was also to investigate how operating theatre nurses perceive clinical competence in perioperative nursing.Methods: This research has a hermeneutic design. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed method was used. In the study (I), data were collected through interviews and analysed with phenomenographic method. In studies (II-III) the interview texts from the study (I) was reused. Secondary analysis were performed with hermeneutic text interpretation. In the study (IV), data were collected through a modified questionnaire PROFFSNurse SAS I, which was supplemented with an open question. These data were analysed using statistics and qualitative conventional content analysis.Results: Operating theatre nurses have the will to meet the patient, be involved and created continuity in the perioperative nursing process (I). Operating theatre nurses experience that they have a formal responsibility to ensure that patients are not at risk and maintain patient integrity and dignity based on personal ethical values (II). Ethical problems and value conflicts can occur if routines and habits prevent operating theatre nurses from caring and when their clinical competence are not utilized in perioperative practice (III). The operating theatre nurses’ self-assessment of clinical competence showed that academic degree, professional experience and interprofessional learning were important for the development of clinical competence. On the other hand, existing routines and habits, as well as inadequate resources, were an obstacle (IV).Conclusion: Perioperative nursing care includes a nursing process and the operating theatre nurses have responsibility based on ethical values. When the operating theatre nurses are prevented from being a caregiver or that their clinical competence is not utilized, stress of conscience can be caused. Important for the development of clinical competence is an academic degree, professional experience and interprofessional learning.
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| 2. |
- Danielsson Norén, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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15-Lipoxygenase-2 expression in human macrophages induces chemokine secretion and T cell migration.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 199:1, s. 34-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We determined previously that hypoxia results in increased 15-lipoxygenase type 2 (15-LOX-2) expression and CXCL8 secretion in macrophages. This study sought to determine whether 15-LOX-2 expression links directly with the secretion of inflammatory molecules in macrophages and also investigated its subsequent effects on T cell migration. METHODS: Adenovirus-mediated gene delivery caused overexpression of 15-LOX-2 in human macrophages. We used cytometric bead array to measure chemokine secretion, and assessed T cell migration by counting cells in chemotaxis chambers. Expression of chemokine receptors was determined by FACS analysis. Using siRNA, we reduced 15-LOX-2 expression in human macrophages. We used scrambled siRNA as control. RESULTS: Macrophages that overexpress 15-LOX-2 showed increased secretion of chemokine CXCL10 after 24h incubation. In addition, preconditioned medium from 15-LOX-2-overexpressing cells increased T cell migration and surface expression of CXCR3, the CXCL10 receptor. Knockdown of 15-LOX-2 expression decreased CXCL10 secretion from hypoxic macrophages and also reduced T cell migration. CONCLUSION: In macrophages, overexpression of 15-LOX-2 results in increased secretion of CXCL10 and CCL2. Products released in response to increased 15-LOX-2 activation lead to increased expression of CD69, the T cell activation marker as well as increased T cell migration. Therefore, increased expression of 15-LOX-2 induced by hypoxia may participate in T cell recruitment in diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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| 5. |
- Geijer, H, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of color LCD and medical-grade monochrome LCD displays in diagnostic radiology.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Digital Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0897-1889 .- 1618-727X. ; 20:2, s. 114-121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract In diagnostic radiology, medical-grade monochrome displays are usually recommended because of their higher luminance. Standard color displays can be used as a less expensive alternative, but have a lower luminance. The aim of the present study was to compare image quality for these two types of displays. Images of a CDRAD contrast-detail phantom were read by four radiologists using a 2-megapixel (MP) color display (143 cd/m2 maximum luminance) as well as 2-MP (295 cd/m2) and 3-MP monochrome displays. Thirty lumbar spine radiographs were also read by four radiologists using the color and the 2-MP monochrome display in a visual grading analysis (VGA). Very small differences were found between the displays when reading the CDRAD images. The VGA scores were −0.28 for the color and −0.25 for the monochrome display (p=0.24; NS). It thus seems possible to use color displays in diagnostic radiology provided that grayscale adjustment is used. Key words PACS - displays - digital imaging - luminance - image quality - monitor - medical imaging - liquid crystal display
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| 6. |
- Köhler, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of reflux nephropathy on blood pressure and renal function in adults.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nephron Clinical Practice. - : S. Karger AG. - 1660-2110. ; 93:1, s. 35-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Aims:</i> We investigated whether the grade of renal damage assessed by urography in adult patients with vesicoureteral reflux can be used to identify patients at risk of developing hypertension and/or deterioration of renal function. In addition, maternal and fetal outcome of pregnancy was studied. <i>Methods:</i> Vesicoureteral reflux was diagnosed at a median age of 27 years (range 16–60) in 115 patients (98 women). Excluding patients subjected to nephrectomy or heminephrectomy after inclusion (n = 12), 88 patients had renal damage at inclusion urography and a median follow-up time of 16 years. The median follow-up time was 18 years in 15 patients without renal damage. Grading of renal damage was performed and blood pressure, serum creatinine concentration and albuminuria were measured. Hypertension was considered to be present if the systolic blood pressure was ≧140 mm Hg and/or the diastolic blood pressure was ≧90 mm Hg. It was classified as mild (<180 mm Hg systolic and <105 mm Hg diastolic), or moderate to severe (≧180 mm Hg systolic and/or ≧105 mm Hg diastolic). Renal function was classified as stable or deteriorating. <i>Results:</i> There was no significant difference in the frequency of hypertension among those with (52%) or without (33%) renal damage, but moderate to severe hypertension (16 patients) was only seen in patients with renal damage. Median systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in patients with than in those without renal damage. Malignant hypertension developed in 4 patients, all had extensive renal damage. Deterioration of renal function occurred in 25 patients, 1 with unilateral and 24 with extensive renal damage (bilateral or in a solitary kidney). This was associated with a high frequency of hypertension (92%) and albuminuria (88%). Sixteen patients developed end-stage renal disease. A total of 242 pregnancies occurred in 89 of the 98 women. Preeclampsia occurred in 16 (18%) women. <i>Conclusion:</i> Hypertension in adult patients with reflux nephropathy occurs with any grade of renal damage, whereas deterioration of renal function was strongly associated with extensive bilateral renal damage or damage in a solitary kidney.
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| 7. |
- Ribé, Veronica, et al.
(författare)
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Ecotoxicological assessment and evaluation of a pine bark biosorbent treatment of five landfillleachates
- 2012
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Ingår i: Waste Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 32:10, s. 1886-1894
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When selecting a landfill leachate treatment method the contaminant composition of theleachate should be considered in order to obtain the most cost-effective treatment option. In this studythe filter material pine bark was evaluated as a treatment for five landfill leachates originating fromdifferent cells of the same landfill in Sweden. The objective of the study was to determine the uptake,or release, of metals and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during a leaching test using the pine barkfilter material with the five different landfill leachates. Furthermore the change of toxicity aftertreatment was studied using a battery of aquatic bioassays assessing luminescent bacteria (Vibriofischeri) acute toxicity (30-min Microtox®), immobility of the crustacean Daphnia magna, growthinhibition of the algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the aquatic plant Lemna minor; andgenotoxicity with the bacterial Umu-C assay. The results from the toxicity tests and the chemicalanalysis were analyzed in a Principal Component Analysis and the toxicity of the samples before andafter treatment was evaluated in a toxicity classification. The pine bark filter material reduced theconcentrations of metal contaminants from the landfill leachates in the study, with some exceptions forCu and Cd. The Zn uptake of the filter was high for heavily contaminated leachates (≥73%), althoughsome desorption of zinc occurred in less contaminated waters. Some of the leachates may requirefurther treatment due to discharge into a natural recipient in order to reduce the risk of possiblebiological effects. The difference in pH changes between the different leachates was probably due tovariations in buffering capacity, affected by physicochemical properties of the leachate. The greatestdesorption of phenol during filtration occurred in leachates with high conductivity or elevated levels ofmetals or salts. Generally, the toxicity classification of the leachates implies that although filtertreatment with pine bark removes metal contaminants from the leachates effectively, it does not alterleachate toxicity noticeably. The leachates with the highest conductivity, pH and metal concentrationsare most strongly correlated with an increased toxic response in the score plots of both untreated andtreated leachates. This is in line with the toxicity classification of the leachate samples. The results fromthis study highlight the importance of evaluating treatment efficiency from the perspective of potentialrecipient effects, rather than in terms of residual concentrations of individual contaminants whentreating waters with a complex contamination matrix, such as landfill leachates.
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| 8. |
- Ribé, Veronica, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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USING ECOTOXICOLOGICAL TESTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW-COST FILTERING SYSTEM FOR LANDFILL LEACHATE
- 2009
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Ingår i: Sardinia 2009 Symposium, Twelth International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, Proceedings. - : CISA Publisher. ; , s. 435-436
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes the use of aquatic ecotoxicological tests, in combination with chemical analysis, in the evaluation of the application of low-cost pine bark sorbent, a by-product of the forestry industry, to treat low-strength landfill leachate. Initially, leaching batch tests with the untreated filter material were carried out to investigate the leaching properties of the filter material and the safety of using the material for water treatment. The test showed that leaching of metals, such as Cu, occurs, although at levels below the US EPA MCL limits. The DOC concentration in the leachate from pine bark was 69 mg/l (SD = 0.62). Phenols were measured to 4.4 mg/l (SD=0.35), which represents 7% of the DOC. 24 h and 48 h EC50 values for acute toxicity of leachates without pH adjustment to Daphnia magna were determined to 38% and 42% leachate concentration, respectively. All the test organisms were immobilised in the batch test with 100 % of the leachate concentration. The pH adjusted leachate samples showed no toxicity to Daphnia magna during 24 h or 48 h exposure. Subsequently, a tentative study with serial batch leaching tests was performed to further investigate the extent and duration of the leaching of organic material from the unused filter material. The preliminary results from the serial batch leaching showed that pH of the leachates decreased to below 5 even after three successive rounds of leaching of the pine bark. Desorption of DOC was not reduced by serial leaching of the filter material and did not appear to correlate with the observed decrease in toxicity after sequential leaching rounds. The toxicity of leachates from the untreated, unused filter material decreases after the first initial flush of water through the filter. There is a trend of reduced toxicity after each successive round of leaching for the 48 hour exposure of Daphnia magna to the leachates. All the test organisms were immobilised in the batch test with 100 % of the leachate concentration. Future research will focus on further investigation of the initial leaching duration and on chemical characterization of the leachate, with an emphasis on organic compounds.
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| 9. |
- Torffvit, Ole, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain of type IV collagen is associated with kidney size and function in IDDM
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of Diabetic Complications. - 0891-6632. ; 4:4, s. 166-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated whether urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain (NC1) of Type IV collagen is associated with glomerular filtration rate and kidney size in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Urinary excretion rate of NC1, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and kidney size were measured in 16 men with Type I diabetes. Their mean age was 33.3 +/- 6.1 years with a duration of diabetes of 14.9 +/- 3.7 years (mean +/- SD). The urinary excretion rate of NC1 was higher in the diabetic patients than in 18 healthy control subjects. Urinary excretion of NC1 was associated with both kidney size, parenchymal width, and GFR (r = 0.73, p = 0.001; r = 0.63, p = 0.009; r = 0.53, p = 0.04, respectively). The exact relationship between these factors and basement membrane turnover/synthesis remains to be elucidated.
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