| 1. |
- Andersson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Subsidiaries as sources for learning in multinational enterprises : a commentary on the importance of external embeddedness
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of International Business Strategy. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780191904820 - 9780198868378 ; , s. 294-311
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the beginning of the twenty-first century, Andersson, Forsgren, and Holm (2001, 2002) published two highly cited articles on the relationship between network embeddedness and the evolution of multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiary roles. These articles paved the way for research examining the importance of market knowledge acquired by an MNE subsidiary through being embedded in local networks, which would, in time, be expected to positively influence the competence development of other MNE units. The present chapter presents an overview of the key contributions of these seminal papers, followed by a discussion about the theoretical and empirical advancements concerning the relationship between embeddedness and subsidiary competence development. We provide suggestions around how to conceptualize competence development and knowledge transfer in relation to subsidiary external embeddedness and highlight areas where more research is needed.
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| 2. |
- Ciabuschi, Francesco, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Value Creation at the Subsidiary Level : Testing the MNC Headquarters Parenting Advantage Logic
- 2017
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Ingår i: Long range planning. - : Elsevier BV. - 0024-6301 .- 1873-1872. ; 50:1, s. 48-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to test the assumptions of the headquarters parenting advantage in multinational firms within the context of subsidiary innovation processes. Specifically, we explore the relationship between the selective involvement of headquarters in both innovation development and transfer processes and their related performance in a data set of 85 innovation projects analysed with structural equation modelling. The findings provide only limited support to the parenting advantage logic as they show that although the headquarters are able to select subsidiary-level strategic innovation processes, their involvement is hampering the performance of these processes. Consequently, we offer new extensions to the reasoning behind the parenting advantage logic by introducing four complementary theoretical explanations for the potentially harmful effects of headquarters' involvement in subsidiary innovation-related activities.
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| 3. |
- Forsgren, Mats, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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A Commentary on Adam Smith
- 2010
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Ingår i: Multinational Business Review. - St. Louis : Saint Louis University, John Cook School of Business. - 1525-383X. ; 18:1, s. 95-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A close reading of Adam Smith's "an Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of Wealth of Nations" and "The Theory of Moral Sentiments" indicates that he would not wholeheartedly support the advocacy of globalization and free markets.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Forsgren, Mats, 1940-
(författare)
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A Note on the revisited Uppsala Internationalization Process Model : the Implications of Business Networks and Entrepreneurship
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of International Business Studies. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0047-2506 .- 1478-6990. ; 47:9, s. 1135-1144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In their article from 2009, Johanson and Vahlne suggest a reformulation of the Uppsala internationalization process model by incorporating business network theory and entrepreneurship theory into the model. The present paper makes a critical examination of this reformulation. The overall conclusion is that several issues have to be addressed regarding the relationship between business networks and firms’ internationalization, the meaning of entrepreneurship as well as the possibility to combine business network theory and entrepreneurship theory in the Uppsala model before the full potential of such an incorporation can be realized.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Forsgren, Mats, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Complementing the Uppsala model? : A commentary on Trevino and Doh's paper "Internationalization of the firm: A discourse-based view"
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of International Business Studies. - : Palgrave Macmillan. - 0047-2506 .- 1478-6990. ; 52:7, s. 1407-1416
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the Uppsala process model was launched 1977, we have seen an extensive amount of research on the internationalization of firms, with the model as a point of departure. Here, we analyze an interesting article published in JIBS by Trevino and Doh, who apply a discourse-based view on the internationalization of the firm. We place their work in the context of the research conducted after the Uppsala model was developed with special reference to the generalizing and singularizing purposes of some typical contributions. We raise issues concerning to what extent the Trevino-Doh article is actually modeling firms' internationalization process, how a discourse-based approach differs from other studies on a firm's strategic behavior, and if the cases used by the authors actually contribute to our understanding of the discourse-based methodology.
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| 9. |
- Forsgren, Mats, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Controlling without owning – owning without controlling : A critical note on two extensions of internalization theory
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of International Business Studies. - : Springer Nature. - 0047-2506 .- 1478-6990. ; 53:8, s. 1734-1746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent attempts to extend internalization theory into new fields of enquiry illustrate the crucial role of control in the theory. In this paper, we focus on two examples: one applying internalization theory to external business relationships of multinational enterprises (MNEs) and one applying new internalization theory to MNEs' governance. We argue that, in both cases, the ability of the extended theory to explain MNE behavior can be questioned, either because of the governance of the external relationships is shared between the MNE and its counterparts (as in the first case), or because of the substantial increase in the level of complexity of the MNE's decision-making system (as in the second case). We conclude that scholars applying internalization theory to MNEs' external business relationships, and to their decision-making processes, should address what shared governance in external business relationships, and the issue of bounded rationality/bounded reliability, actually mean for the possibility to apply the usual economic logic behind internalization theory. It is essential that future research focuses on what impact the circumscribed control in the two cases has on the ability of MNEs to assess, both ex ante and ex post, the level of transaction costs and managerial costs as bases for its decisions to invest abroad and run foreign operations.
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