| 1. |
- Almevall, Albin Dahlin, et al.
(författare)
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Accepting the inevitable : A mixed method approach with assessment and perceptions of well-being in very old persons within the northern Sweden Silver-MONICA study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundAs the group of very old persons will form an increasing part of society, the study of how well-being is described and affected by specific factors will be of importance to meet the future needs of these persons. The aim of the study was to increase knowledge of well-being in very old persons by combining assessments and perceptions using the Philadelphia Geriatric Morale Scale (PGCMS).MethodIn a mixed method, convergent parallel design, 52 persons 80 years or older were assessed and interviewed using the PGCMS to combine assessment of morale and descriptions of perceptions of well-being using a mixed method approach.ResultsQuantitative and qualitative results converged in four areas: not feeling lonely and being included, rating and perceiving health as good, high physical function/ability and being physically active, living in own house and feeling at home. Areas perceived as important to well-being captured only in qualitative analysis were having freedom and engagement. An example of insights not achievable from the quantitative or qualitative analysis alone was that individuals with high morale expressed anxiety about losing their health due to potential ageing-related threats and that individuals with low morale struggled with acceptance. Acceptance was the key strategy for handling adverse consequences of ageing in all described areas.ConclusionWhen using standardized assessment scales in clinical practice, it could be useful to combine quantitative and qualitative data. Acceptance was key for well-being; however, acceptance could be resigned or reorienting in nature.
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| 2. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 3. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 4. |
- Bixby, H., et al.
(författare)
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Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 569:7755, s. 260-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.
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| 7. |
- Forslund, Ann-Sofie
(författare)
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A second chance at life : A study about people suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- AimThe overall aim of this thesis was to describe people’s lives before and aftersuffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with validated myocardial infarction aetiology (OHCA-V). The following specific aims were formulated: describe trends in incidence, outcome and background characteristics among people who suffered OHCA-V (I), describe risk factors and thoughts about lifestyle among survivors(II),elucidate meanings of people’s lived experiences of surviving 1month after the event (III),and elucidate meanings of people’s lived experiencesof surviving 6 and 12 months after the event (IV)MethodsData were collected from the Northern Sweden MONICA myocardial registryand from interviews with people surviving OHCA-V. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used for analysis.ResultsThe incidence of OHCA-V decreased during the 19 years studied, and people aged 25-64 had an increased survival rate. The proportion of people with a history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) before the event decreased over theyears. Among people surviving OHCA-V, 60% had no prior history of IHD, but 20% had three cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., hypertension, diabetes mellitus,hypercholesterolemia and/or lipid lowering medication, current smoker). People surviving were aware of their risk factors and their descriptions of their lifestylefocused on the importance of having people around, feeling happy and having a positive outlook on life. They made their own choices regarding how to livetheir lives, which they often referred to as “living a good life.” Meanings of surviving during the first year can be understood as a pendulum ́s motion.Participants narrated they thought about the fact that they had been dead and returned to life. They also expressed they wished to know what had happened tothem while they were dead, but at the same time they wanted to put the event behind them and look forward. People surviving OHCA-V were striving to gettheir ordinary life back, but they also wondered if life would be the same. The cardiac arrest affected their body, which felt unfamiliar to them, and they felt they had to learn to feel secure in their body again. People survivingexpressed they had been given a second chance at life, and they described the event had affected their outlook on life.ConclusionThis thesis shows that people suffering OHCA-V are the most likely to die, but the survival rate is increasing. Many people had no known history of IHD beforethe event, but some had known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To address these facts it is important for health care to focus both on primary andsecondary preventive measures to avoid complications connected to cardiovascular disease. Participants described their thoughts about their lifestyle,which was connected to what they found important in their lives; preventive 3 measures should be linked to those things to be more successful. People thatsurvived experienced pendulum emotions during their first year, and amovement back and forth in time was expressed. Health care personnel could support people surviving OHCA-V by talking with them about their thoughts connected to the past, present and future.Keywordsincidence, myocardial infarction, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, survival, trends,life experiences, qualitative research
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| 8. |
- Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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A second chance at life : People's lived experiences of surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 31:4, s. 878-886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThere is more to illuminate about people's experiences of surviving out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and how such an event affects people's lives over time.AimsThis study aimed to elucidate meanings of people's lived experiences and changes in everyday life during their first year after surviving OHCA.MethodsA qualitative, longitudinal design was used. Eleven people surviving OHCA from northern Sweden agreed to participate and were interviewed 6 and 12 months after the event. A phenomenological hermeneutic interpretation was used to analyse the transcribed texts.FindingsThe structural analysis resulted in two themes: (i) striving to regain one's usual self and (ii) a second chance at life, and subthemes (ia) testing the body, (ib) pursuing the ordinary life, (ic) gratitude for help to survival, (iia) regaining a sense of security with one's body, (iib) getting to know a new self, and (iic) seeking meaning and establishing a future.ConclusionTo conclude, we suggest that people experienced meanings of surviving OHCA over time as striving to regain their usual self and getting a second chance at life. The event affected them in many ways and resulted in a lot of emotions and many things to think about. Participants experienced back-and-forth emotions, when comparing their present lives to both their lives before cardiac arrest and those lives they planned for the future. During their first year, participants’ daily lives were still influenced by ‘being dead’ and returning to life. As time passed, they wanted to resume their ordinary lives and hoped for continued lives filled with meaning and joyous activities.
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| 9. |
- Forslund, Ann-Sofie
(författare)
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Att ha överlevt hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus
- 2014. - 2
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Ingår i: Att leva med sjukdom. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144097336 ; , s. 61-69
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 10. |
- Forslund, Ann-Sofie, et al.
(författare)
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Meanings of people's lived experiences of surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 1 month after the event
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049. ; 29:5, s. 464-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival rate has been poor and stable for a long time, but more recent studies describe its increase. However, there are few studies in which people narrate their experiences from surviving. Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate meanings of people's lived experiences of surviving an OHCA with validated myocardial infarction (MI) etiology, 1 month after the event. Methods: A purposive sample of 2 women and 9 men was interviewed between February 2011 and May 2012. A phenomenological hermeneutical method was used for analysis, which involved 3 steps: naive reading and understanding, structural analysis, and comprehensive understanding. Results: There were 2 themes, (1) returning to life and (2) revaluing life, and five subthemes, (1a) waking up and missing the whole picture, (1b) realizing it was not time to die, (2a) wondering why and seeking explanations, (2b) feeling ambiguous in relations, and (2c) wondering whether life will be the same. All were constructed from the analysis. Conclusions: Surviving an OHCA with validated MI etiology meant waking up and realizing that one had experienced a cardiac arrest and had been resuscitated. These survivors had memory loss and a need to know what had happened during the time they were dead/unconscious. They searched for a reason why they experienced an MI and cardiac arrest and had gone from being "heart-healthy'' to having a lifelong illness. They all had the experience of passing from life to death and back to life again. For the participants, these differences led to a revaluation of what is important in life.
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