| 1. |
- Abdul Hamid, Akram, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of a DCV-system on the IAQ, energy use, and moisture safety in apartments - a case study
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Ventilation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1473-3315 .- 2044-4044. ; 21:1, s. 35-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel DCV-system controls the air-change rate for each apartment in multifamily buildings based on two indoor air parameters: 1) the moisture load (supply), and 2) volatile organic compounds. With a central fan, but decentralized control boxes placed outside each apartment, the system controls the air-change rate for each apartment. This paper’s main aim is to determine the potential of this DCV-system, through a case study, to: 1) achieve good IAQ, 2) handle the moisture loads appropriately, and 3) achieve good energy efficiency in multifamily buildings. Furthermore, the paper aims to assess the possibility to achieve good IAQ by validating the DCV-system’s VOC-controls through measurements of CO2 in apartments. Field measurements show that the system responds appropriately to apartment-specific loads, and that acceptable emission and moisture loads are achieved in most apartments in the case study. The impact that the system has on the energy use was assessed through calculations based on the field measurements. The calculations show that the DCV-system saves energy used for heating the supply-air by 86% in comparison to a mechanically balanced ventilation system without heat recovery, and 22% in comparison to the same system but with heat recovery.
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| 2. |
- Aspenström, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Pombe Cdc15 homology proteins : regulators of membrane dynamics and the actin cytoskeleton
- 2006
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Ingår i: TIBS -Trends in Biochemical Sciences. Regular ed.. - : Elsevier BV. - 0968-0004 .- 1362-4326. ; 31:12, s. 670-679
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pombe Cdc15 homology (PCH) proteins have emerged in many species as important coordinators of signalling pathways that regulate actomyosin assembly and membrane dynamics. For example, the prototype PCH protein, Cdc15p of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, has a role in assembly of the contractile ring, which is needed to separate dividing cells. Recently, mammalian PCH proteins have been found to bind phospholipids and to participate in membrane deformation. These findings suggest that PCH proteins are crucial linkers of membrane dynamics and actin polymerization, for example, during the internalization of transmembrane receptors. Intriguingly, some members of the PCH protein family are mutated in neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases, which has implications for the identification of cures for such disorders.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Aspenström, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Rho GTPases have diverse effects on the organization of the actin filament system
- 2004
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Ingår i: Biochemical Journal. - 0264-6021 .- 1470-8728. ; 377:Pt 2, s. 327-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Rho GTPases are related to the Ras proto-oncogenes and consist of 22 family members. These proteins have important roles in regulating the organization of the actin filament system, and thereby the morphogenesis of vertebrate cells as well as their ability to migrate. In an effort to compare the effects of all members of the Rho GTPase family, active Rho GTPases were transfected into porcine aortic endothelial cells and the effects on the actin filament system were monitored. Cdc42, TCL (TC10-like), Rac1-Rac3 and RhoG induced the formation of lamellipodia, whereas Cdc42, Rac1 and Rac2 also induced the formation of thick bundles of actin filaments. In contrast, transfection with TC10 or Chp resulted in the formation of focal adhesion-like structures, whereas Wrch-1 induced long and thin filopodia. Transfection with RhoA, RhoB or RhoC induced the assembly of stress fibres, whereas Rnd1-Rnd3 resulted in the loss of stress fibres, but this effect was associated with the formation of actin- and ezrin-containing dorsal microvilli. Cells expressing RhoD and Rif had extremely long and flexible filopodia. None of the RhoBTB or Miro GTPases had any major influence on the organization of the actin filament system; instead, RhoBTB1 and RhoBTB2 were present in vesicular structures, and Miro-1 and Miro-2 were present in mitochondria. Collectively, the data obtained in this study to some extent confirm earlier observations, but also allow the identification of previously undetected roles of the different members of the Rho GTPases.
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| 5. |
- Axelsson, Magnus, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Design criteria for permeation grouting in hard rock at great depths
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings World Tunnel Congress 2008, Underground facilities for better environmnet and saftey. ; 1, s. 510-520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Grouting at tunnelling in hard rock at great depths below the groundwater table, when constructing a nuclear waste repository for example, makes special demands on the strength of the grout in order to resist groundwater forces. The aim of this study is to distinguish the most important parameters to ensure that suitable grouting can be performed at large depths. Initially, laboratory studies were conducted in order to determine the most critical parameters. The results from the laboratory tests were used in a field study at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. The results indicate that the most important characteristics for the rock are the fracture aperture and the groundwater gradient and for the grout: a resolute grouting pressure and sufficient early strength. This implies that for cementitious grouts the yield stress is important and for non-cementitious grouts it is the shear strength prior to gelling. The results emphasise the need to perform hydraulic characterisation of the rock mass in advance. The results also show the importance of performing a proper grouting, especially at large depths where a decreased penetration length of the grout increases the risk of a high gradient and hence erosion of the grout.
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Magnus, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Stop mechanism for cementitious grouts at different water-to-cement ratios
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0886-7798. ; 24:4, s. 390-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cementitious grouts are the most commonly used grouting material in the world. The general concept of grouting is to propagate the grout in a sufficiently large volume in the grouted medium and hence to have a controlled penetration. This study has been performed in order to determine and test the different mechanisms that result in stoppage of the penetration of cementitious grouts. This is performed as sand column tests in a laboratory study, coupled with grouting in the field. The result shows that three different stop mechanisms can be identified depending on the ratio between the grain size of the grout and the available opening. At an opening up to three times the size of the largest grout grains, penetration does not occur due to clogging of the grains. For an opening larger than five times the largest grain the penetration is unrestricted and stoppage occurs due to equilibrium between the driving and resistance forces. Between these ratios, a transition area exists where the water content determines the penetrability and the stoppage is governed by a filtration process for the grout grains. This implies that grouting with higher water-to-cement ratios results in a larger penetration area and hence by applying the mixture-thickening method during grouting an increased sealing efficiency can be obtained. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Barboutis, Christos, et al.
(författare)
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From Mediterranean to Scandinavia – timing and body mass condition in four long distance migrants
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ornis Svecica. - 1102-6812 .- 2003-2633. ; 25, s. 51-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spring, long-distance migrants are considered to adopta time-minimizing strategy to promote early arrival atbreeding sites. The phenology of spring migration wasexamined and compared between two insular stopoversites in Greece and Sweden for Icterine Warbler, WoodWarbler, Spotted Flycatcher and Collared Flycatcher. All of them migrate due north which means that some proportion of birds that pass through Greece are headingto Scandinavia. The Collared Flycatcher had the earliestand the Icterine Warbler the latest arrival time. Thedifferences in median dates between Greece and Swedenwere 3–4 weeks and the passages in Sweden weregenerally more condensed in time. The average overallspeed estimates were very similar and varied between129 and 137 km/d. In most of the species higher speedestimates were associated with years when birds arrivedlate in Greece. After crossing continental Europe birdsarrive at the Swedish study site with significantly higherbody masses compared to when they arrive in Greece andthis might indicate a preparation for arriving at breedinggrounds with some overload.
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| 8. |
- Benson, Mikael, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Inverse relation between nasal fluid Clara Cell Protein 16 levels and symptoms and signs of rhinitis in allergen-challenged patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 62:2, s. 178-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Decreased levels of the anti-inflammatory Clara Cell Protein 16 (CC16) are found in intermittent allergic rhinitis (IAR) and asthma. In asthma this decrease has been associated with hyperreactivity and the A38G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The aim of this study was to examine if IAR is associated with signs and symptoms of rhinitis and the A38G SNP. METHODS: Nasal fluid CC16 was analyzed in 20 patients with IAR before allergen challenge and 1 and 6 h after challenge, and from 28 healthy controls. The A38G SNP was analyzed in 80 patients with IAR and 106 controls. Nasal biopsies were obtained from three subjects in each group for immunohistochemical analysis of CC16. RESULTS: In the allergen-challenged patients symptoms and rhinoscopic signs of rhinitis increased after 1 h and normalized after 6 h. In contrast, nasal fluid CC16 decreased 1 h after allergen challenge and returned to baseline after 6 h. Nasal fluid CC16 levels did not differ from controls before and 6 h after challenge. Immunohistochemical investigation showed intense CC16 staining in the nasal epithelium of both patients before season and healthy controls, but weak staining in symptomatic patients during season. No significant association between the A38G SNP and IAR was found. CONCLUSION: There was an inverse relation between nasal fluid CC16 levels and symptoms and signs of rhinitis in allergen-challenged patients with IAR. However, there was no association between IAR and the A38G SNP.
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| 9. |
- Bråmå, Åsa, 1963-
(författare)
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Studies in the Dynamics of Residential Segregation
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In four scientific papers, this thesis investigates the processes, in terms of movements of individuals, that have produced, reproduced and transformed patterns of residential segregation in Swedish cities between 1990 and 2000.Paper 1 examines processes of immigrant concentration, and the role of the Swedish majority population in these processes. Neighbourhood transition and mobility are described and analysed for a selection of residential areas that have experienced increased immigrant concentration. The results show that low in-migration rate among Swedes, rather than high out-migration rate, has been the main driving force behind the production and reproduction of immigrant concentration areas.Paper 2 investigates the hypothesis that distressed neighbourhoods retain their character of distress through selective migration. The socio-economic situations of in-migrants, out-migrants and stayers in the distressed neighbourhoods of Stockholm are analysed and compared, and the results show the hypothesis to be confirmed. The people who move in are more likely to be unemployed and dependent on social benefits, and have on average lower incomes than those who move out and those who remain in the neighbourhoods. Paper 3 further investigates the selective character of the out-migration from distressed neighbourhoods. One important conclusion is that the out-migration flow from the distressed residential areas is socio-economically and ethnically selective. When demographic and socio-economic differences are controlled for, the likelihood of leaving the distressed neighbourhoods is much lower for an immigrant than for a Swedish-born person.Paper 4 examines the migration flows of a whole city, Göteborg. The paper deals with some of the most common questions within segregation research; the degree of spatial concentration of different ethnic groups, processes of concentration and dispersal, the role of the minority enclaves as ports of entry to the local housing market, and how this differs between ethnic groups.
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| 10. |
- Bränn, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammatory markers in late pregnancy in association with postpartum depression-A nested case-control study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 79, s. 146-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies indicate that the immune system adaptation during pregnancy could play a significant role in the pathophysiology of perinatal depression. The aim of this study was to investigate if inflammation markers in a late pregnancy plasma sample can predict the presence of depressive symptoms at eight weeks postpartum. Blood samples from 291 pregnant women (median and IQR for days to delivery, 13 and 7-23days respectively) comprising 63 individuals with postpartum depressive symptoms, as assessed by the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS≥12) and/or the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) and 228 controls were analyzed with an inflammation protein panel using multiplex proximity extension assay technology, comprising of 92 inflammation-associated markers. A summary inflammation variable was also calculated. Logistic regression, LASSO and Elastic net analyses were implemented. Forty markers were lower in late pregnancy among women with depressive symptoms postpartum. The difference remained statistically significant for STAM-BP (or otherwise AMSH), AXIN-1, ADA, ST1A1 and IL-10, after Bonferroni correction. The summary inflammation variable was ranked as the second best variable, following personal history of depression, in predicting depressive symptoms postpartum. The protein-level findings for STAM-BP and ST1A1 were validated in relation to methylation status of loci in the respective genes in a different population, using openly available data. This explorative approach revealed differences in late pregnancy levels of inflammation markers between women presenting with depressive symptoms postpartum and controls, previously not described in the literature. Despite the fact that the results do not support the use of a single inflammation marker in late pregnancy for assessing risk of postpartum depression, the use of STAM-BP or the novel notion of a summary inflammation variable developed in this work might be used in combination with other biological markers in the future.
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