| 1. |
- Söderqvist, Tore, et al.
(författare)
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Cost–benefit analysis of beach-cast harvest : Closing land-marine nutrient loops in the Baltic Sea region
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 51:5, s. 1302-1313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Harvesting beach-cast can help mitigate marine eutrophication by closing land-marine nutrient loops and provide a blue biomass raw material for the bioeconomy. Cost–benefit analysis was applied to harvest activities during 2009–2018 on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea, highlighting benefits such as nutrient removal from the marine system and improved recreational opportunities as well as costs of using inputs necessary for harvest. The results indicate that the activities entailed a net gain to society, lending substance to continued funding for harvests on Gotland and assessments of upscaling of harvest activities to other areas in Sweden and elsewhere. The lessons learnt from the considerable harvest experience on Gotland should be utilized for developing concrete guidelines for carrying out sustainable harvest practice, paying due attention to local conditions but also to what can be generalized to a wider national and international context.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Catrine, 1982-
(författare)
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Hundra år av tvåsamhet : Äktenskapet i svenska statliga utredningar 1909-2009
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is to study the concept of marriage and discursive constructions linked to marriage in Swedish policy documents, SOU, 1909-2009. Focusing on marriage as a formal institution, and on form, rather than content – marriage is considered one of several ways of regulating intimate relationships, and the analysis is thus centred on the intimate and erotic aspects of marriage as an institution. Using queer and sociological theories on late modern intimacy, state regulation and concepts of norms, theoretical tools which make possible exploring historical discursive shifts of heteronormativity and coupledom are developed. Policy documents (SOU) are analysed using discourse analysis inspired by archaeology and history of concepts. In three chapters, each covering a part of the period 1909-2009, the discursive landscape of state intervention in marital and other coupled relations is traced. Three themes emerge in this analysis. Firstly, a discursive movement can be seen, from marriage, as a morally superior form of relation, to family, as one of several more or less encouraged forms of relations. Secondly, in using the theoretical framework of heteronormativity, it is suggested that heteronormativity is reshaped in paradoxical ways. The seemingly non-heteronormative, gender neutral marriage law introduced in 2009 was built discursively on a concept of love used from the 1980s in these materials for motivating extended civil rights for homosexuals. It was, however, a logic of love based on difference and essentialised homosexual identity. A non-heteronormative law was thus introduced on a heteronormative discursive basis, enforcing extended norms of coupledom in the process. Thirdly, the question of what discursive role marriage plays in relation to society is explored. By enforcing differentiation between sexual and non-sexual, reproductive and non-reproductive, coupled and non-coupled relationships, social order is maintained. For one hundred years, despite major changes, coupledom is constant.
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| 3. |
- Cousins, Sara A. O., et al.
(författare)
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Reconstructing past land use and vegetation patterns using palaeogeographical and archaeological data : A focus on grasslands in Nynas by the Baltic Sea in south-eastern Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: Landscape and Urban Planning. - 0169-2046 .- 1872-6062. ; 61:1, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Past landscape characteristics were reconstructed in Nynas, south-eastern Sweden, using geographical and archaeological data together with pollen stratigraphy and an existing shore displacement model, with the aim to explore the development of semi-natural grasslands in the area. A 2.3 m peat core was analysed and radiocarbon dated at three levels. The pollen stratigraphy was estimated to start at approximately 3800 C-14 years before present (BP), at the end of Late Neolithic. Human activities are evident, from both archaeological findings and pollen analysis, for more than 4000 years. Grazing is apparent, possibly more intense around 3200 C-14 years BP, 2500-2600 C-14 years BP, 2100-2200 C-14 years BP, and 1300/1400 C-14 years BP to present day. From 1900+/-80 C-14 years BP and onwards cultivation is intensified at the same time as spruce (Picea abies) expands. Maps on land-cover distribution in the late 17th century was used as a model for the utilisation of the landscape during the Iron Age. Land-covers on very thin soils were grazed and sometimes mown within the village boundaries, but they were also used for cultivation in narrow strips where bedrock is adjacent to clays. Till and varved glacial clays would have been used for cultivation. A reasonable estimation is that 10% of the study area could have been used for cultivation 1900 C-14 years BP, compared to 28% in the end of the 17th century. During the last century there has been a shift towards more arable fields and more forestry. There are 10% open or semi-open grassland left today, and 6% wooded grassland, compared with 47% open or semi-open grassland in the 17th century. Little more than half of the open grasslands are managed today, all by grazing. It is argued that encroachment of trees and shrubs on open or semi-open grasslands will not only reduce species richness in the landscape but also threaten parts of our cultural heritage.
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| 4. |
- Dahlman, Thèrése, et al.
(författare)
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Collagen type I expression in experimental anaplastic thyroid carcinoma : regulation and relevance for tumorigenicity
- 2002
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 98:2, s. 186-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fibrosis in solid malignancies plays a significant role in tumor pathophysiology. Potential mechanisms for collagen type I deposition in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) were investigated using 6 characterized ATC cell lines. Three of these cell lines, which produced collagen type I, had, as a group, a poor tumorigenicity when inoculated in athymic mice. This group of cells generated tumors in 4 of 24 injected animals (17%). Pro-alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA-expressing carcinoma and stromal cells were interdispersed in the tumors generated by these ATC cells. By contrast, the 3 noncollagen-producing ATC cell lines were all tumorigenic with a tumor take of 60% in the whole group. In the latter tumors, pro-alpha 1(I) collagen mRNA-expressing cells were confined to the stromal compartment, well delineated from carcinoma cell islets. To study the influence of ATC cells on collagen type I synthesis by fibroblasts, we used AG 1518 diploid human fibroblasts cultured on poly-(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly[HEMA])-coated plates. This culture condition allows the study of the effect of collagen mRNA translation in the regulation of collagen type I synthesis. Conditioned media from the 6 ATC cell lines did not influence collagen synthesis. The ATC cell line KAT-4 stimulated fibroblast synthesis of collagen type I when the two cell types were cocultured on poly[HEMA]-coated substrates. Specific inhibitors of PDGF and TGF-beta reduced the KAT 4 carcinoma cell-induced stimulation of collagen type I synthesis. Our data suggest that collagen type I production by carcinoma cells correlates negatively with tumorigenicity and that the formation of a well-defined stroma is of importance for tumor growth. Furthermore, our data suggest that tumor cells are able to stimulate collagen mRNA translation in stromal fibroblasts in direct cell-cell contact by, at least in part, transferring PDGF or TGF-beta.
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| 5. |
- Franzén-Dahlin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of a support and education programme for spouses of people affected by stroke
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical Rehabilitation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-2155 .- 1477-0873. ; 22:8, s. 722-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a nurse-led support and education programme for spouses of patients affected by stroke improved the psychological health of the spouses.DESIGN: A longitudinal, open, randomized controlled trial.SAMPLE: One hundred spouses of stroke patients were randomly assigned to either an intervention or a control group.SETTING: The study was conducted in a hospital setting.INTERVENTION: The intervention consisted of six group meetings during six months, with a follow-up after further six months. Comparison between the intervention and the control groups was made at baseline, after six and 12 months using analysis with repeated measures.MAIN MEASURES: The Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale--Self-Affective for psychological health.RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the intervention and control groups concerning overall psychological health. However, a subanalysis revealed that those who participated more frequently in the group meetings (five or six times) had significantly stronger psychological health (P<0.05). Knowledge about stroke increased over time in both groups, but participants in the intervention group learned more (P=0.041).CONCLUSION: Encouraging participation in the group meetings of a support programme might have a positive effect on psychological health.
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| 6. |
- Franzén-Dahlin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of life situation among significant others of depressed or aphasic stroke patients
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 17:12, s. 1574-1580
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of this study was to examine predictors of the life situation of the significant other of depressed or aphasic stroke patients.BACKGROUND: Depression and aphasia are common consequences of stroke, and both may put pressure on the significant other who have to deal not only with a possible physical handicap but also with communication and/or serious psychiatric difficulties.DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional study.METHODS: The participants were significant others of 71 depressed and 77 aphasic stroke patients. Depression was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, and degree of aphasia was diagnosed with the Amsterdam Nijmegen Everyday Language Test. Assessments of the life situation, state of depression and aggression, personality change and need of assistance were made through questionnaires issued to the significant others.RESULTS: Perceived need of assistance was the only common predictor of life situation of the significant other in both groups (p < 0.001). With respect to the aphasic patients, perceived personality change (p < 0.001) and living with the patient (p = 0.004) were factors that had a negative effect on the life situation of the significant other.CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights that the perception of the patient's need of assistance is an important factor in predicting the life situation among spouses of depressed as well as aphasic stroke patients. A comparison of the two groups to explain the life situation of the significant others revealed greater explanatory power for the aphasic group.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Assessments of the spouses' perception as well as of the patients' factual situation may identify those significant others at risk. With this new approach, necessary steps may be taken to alleviate pressure on the significant other.
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| 7. |
- Franzén-Dahlin, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of psychological health in spouses of persons affected by stroke
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 16:5, s. 885-891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To identify predictors of psychological health and examine if these predictors change over time in spouses of stroke patients during the first year after stroke. A second aim was to identify gender differences in psychological health among the spouses.BACKGROUND: The impact of burden in long-term caregivers may result in psychological consequences for the spouse. The rehabilitation process for the patient can be negatively affected by a stressed caregiver and result in long-term hospitalization. To identify spouses at risk for physical and psychological distress is, therefore, essential to support those in need.DESIGN: Longitudinal, comparative study.METHODS: One hundred spouses of stroke patients were assessed at baseline, as well as after six and 12 months, regarding psychological health, well-being, own illness, need of assistance from general practitioner and/or district nurse, social network and knowledge about stroke. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were conducted for baseline, six- and 12-month assessments, respectively, with psychological health as the dependent variable.RESULTS: General well-being and presence of illness in spouse were the most prominent predictors of psychological health, throughout the first year.CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing psychological health and preventing medical problems in the caregiver are essential considerations to enable patients with stroke-related disabilities to continue to live at home.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Evaluating the situation for spouses of stroke patients is an important component when planning for the future care of the patient.
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| 8. |
- Franzén-Dahlin, Åsa
(författare)
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Psychological health and life situation in spouses of stroke patients
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- About 30,000 people in Sweden are affected by stroke each year. The effect on physical functioning, and also consequences such as depression and aphasia, are likely to affect not only the life of the patient, but also the life of the spouse and family. The aims of the thesis were to identify factors of importance for the life situation of spouses of stroke patients and to evaluate the effect of a support- and education programme on the spouses psychological health. The participants in this thesis were gathered from three different populations. Participants in Paper I were significant others of depressed stroke patients. The aim of this study was to describe the life situation among significant others to patients with post stroke depression (PSD) and to identify associations between the life situation of the significant other in relation to patient characteristics. In Paper II the participants were significant others of depressed or aphasic stroke patients. The aim was to describe and compare predictors of the life situation of significant others of depressed or aphasic stroke patients. In Papers III and IV the participants were spouses of stroke patients consecutively approached and invited to participate in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) intervention programme. The aim of Paper III was to explore if a nurse-led support- and education programme for spouses of persons affected by stroke improved the psychological health in the spouses, and the aim of Paper IV was to identify predictors of psychological health and to examine if these predictors change over time in spouses of stroke patients during the first year after stroke. A second aim was to identify gender differences in psychological health among the spouses. Perceived need of assistance was the only common predictor of the life situation of the significant other of both significant others of depressed and aphasic stroke patients. Amongst the aphasic patients, perceived personality change and living with the patient were factors that had a negative effect on the life situation of the significant other. General well-being and presence of illness in the spouse were the most prominent predictors of psychological health, throughout the first year. Significant others of stroke patients participating in a support- and education programme had significantly more knowledge about stroke after 12 months compared to the controls. No difference in psychological health was found. However, the 5 participants appreciated the group sessions and the attention from the health professionals. Significant others of male stroke patients reported a more negative impact on their life situation, than did significant others of female stroke patients. There was a significant relation between the patient s level of depression and physical function (ADL); those with less impaired ADL had more major depression than those with more impaired ADL. This thesis highlights the importance of assessing the situation of spouses of stroke patients. The perception of the patient s need of assistance is an important factor affecting the life situation of spouses of both depressed and aphasic stroke patients. An intervention programme increases the spouses knowledge about stroke, but a combination of group meetings and individualised support may be necessary in order to gain effect also on the psychological health. Assessments of the spouses perception as well as of the patients factual situation may identify spouses at risk. Enhancing the psychological health and supporting those in need may enable the patient to continue to live at home without risking the health of the spouse.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Franzen, Frida, et al.
(författare)
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Governance hurdles for expansion of low trophic mariculture production in Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study examines the governance of low trophic species mariculture (LTM) using Sweden as a case study. LTM, involving species such as seaweeds and mollusks, offers ecosystem services and nutritious foods. Despite its potential to contribute to blue growth and Sustainable Development Goals, LTM development in the EU and OECD countries has stagnated. A framework for mapping governance elements (institutions, structures, and processes) and analyzing governance objective (effective, equitable, responsive, and robust) was combined with surveys addressed to the private entrepreneurs in the sector. Analysis reveals ineffective institutions due to lack of updated legislation and guidance, resulting in ambiguous interpretations. Governance structures include multiple decision-making bodies without a clear coordination agency. Licensing processes were lengthy and costly for the private entrepreneurs, and the outcomes were uncertain. To support Sweden’s blue bioeconomy, LTM governance requires policy integration, clearer direction, coordinated decision-making, and mechanisms for conflict resolution and learning.
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