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- Englund, Oskar, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Meeting Sustainability Requirements for SRC Bioenergy: Usefulness of Existing Tools, Responsibilities of Involved Stakeholders, and Recommendations for Further Developments
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bioenergy Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1939-1234 .- 1939-1242. ; 5:3, s. 606-620
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Short rotation coppice (SRC) is considered an important biomass supply option for meeting the European renewable energy targets. This paper presents an overview of existing and prospective sustainability requirements, Member State reporting obligations and parts of the methodology for calculating GHG emissions savings within the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED), and shows how these RED-associated sustainability criteria may affect different stakeholders along SRC bioenergy supply chains. Existing and prospective tools are assessed on their usefulness in ensuring that SRC bioenergy is produced with sufficient consideration given to the RED-associated criteria. A sustainability framework is outlined that aims at (1) facilitating the development of SRC production systems that are attractive from the perspectives of all stakeholders, and (2) ensuring that the SRC production is RED eligible. Producer manuals, EIAs, and voluntary certification schemes can all be useful for ensuring RED eligibility. However, they are currently not sufficiently comprehensive, neither individually nor combined, and suggestions for how they can be more complementary are given. Geographical information systems offer opportunities for administrative authorities to provide stakeholders with maps or databases over areas/fields suitable for RED-eligible SRC cultivation. However, proper consideration of all relevant aspects requires that all stakeholders in the SRC supply chain become engaged in the development of SRC production systems and that a landscape perspective is used.
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- Fredriksson, Ingemar, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Vasomotion analysis of speed resolved perfusion, oxygen saturation, red blood cell tissue fraction, and vessel diameter : Novel microvascular perspectives
- 2022
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Ingår i: Skin research and technology. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0909-752X .- 1600-0846. ; 28:1, s. 142-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundVasomotion is the spontaneous oscillation in vascular tone in the microcirculation and is believed to be a physiological mechanism facilitating the transport of blood gases and nutrients to and from tissues. So far, Laser Doppler flowmetry has constituted the gold standard for in vivo vasomotion analysis.Materials and methodsWe applied vasomotion analysis to speed-resolved perfusion, oxygen saturation, red blood cell tissue (RBC) tissue fraction, and average vessel diameter from five healthy individuals at rest measured by the newly developed Periflux 6000 EPOS system over 10 minutes. Magnitude scalogram and the time-averaged wavelet spectra were divided into frequency intervals reflecting endothelial, neurogenic, myogenic, respiratory, and cardiac function.ResultsRecurrent high-intensity periods of the myogenic, neurogenic, and endothelial frequency intervals were found. The neurogenic activity was considerably more pronounced for the oxygen saturation, RBC tissue fraction, and vessel diameter signals, than for the perfusion signals. In a correlation analysis we found that changes in perfusion in the myogenic, neurogenic, and endothelial frequency intervals precede changes in the other signals. Furthermore, changes in average vessel diameter were in general negatively correlated to the other signals in the same frequency intervals, indicating the importance of capillary recruitment.ConclusionWe conclude that vasomotion can be observed in signals reflecting speed resolved perfusion, oxygen saturation, RBC tissue fraction, and vessel diameter. The new parameters enable new aspects of the microcirculation to be observed.
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- Naseh, Nima, et al.
(författare)
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Early Hyperglycemia in Very Preterm Infants Is Associated with Reduced White Matter Volume and Worse Cognitive and Motor Outcomes at 2.5 Years
- 2022
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Ingår i: Neonatology. - : S. Karger. - 1661-7800 .- 1661-7819. ; 119:6, s. 745-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Hyperglycemia in very preterm infants is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate potential associations between early hyperglycemia, neonatal cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurodevelopment at 2.5 years.Methods: The study population included 69 infants with gestational age (GA) 22.3-31.9 weeks (n = 29 with GA <28 weeks), born 2011-2014. Plasma glucose concentrations during the first week were checked according to clinical routines. Hyperglycemia was defined as glucose concentrations above 8.3 mmol/L (150 mg/dL) and above 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL), respectively, categorized as the highest glucose days 0-2, number of days above 8.3 and 10 mmol/L, and prolonged (yes/no) 2 days or more above 8.3 and 10 mmol/L. The MRI analysis included morphological assessment, regional brain volumes, and assessment of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) developed in 13 of 67 infants with available outcomes, of which 57 were assessed with the Bayley-III. Univariate and multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed with adjustments for GA, birth weight z-scores, and illness severity expressed as days on mechanical ventilation.Results: Hyperglycemia above 8.3 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L was present in 47.8% and 31.9% of the infants. Hyperglycemia correlated independently with lower white matter volume, but not with other regional brain volumes, and was also associated with lower ADC values in white matter. Hyperglycemia also correlated with lower Bayley-III cognitive and motor scores in infants with GA <28 weeks, but there was no significant effect on NDI.Conclusion: Early hyperglycemia is associated with white matter injury and poorer neurodevelopment in very preterm infants.
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