| 1. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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The IceCube Neutrino Observatory : instrumentation and online systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 1748-0221. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer-scale high-energy neutrino detector built into the ice at the South Pole. Construction of IceCube, the largest neutrino detector built to date, was completed in 2011 and enabled the discovery of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. We describe here the design, production, and calibration of the IceCube digital optical module (DOM), the cable systems, computing hardware, and our methodology for drilling and deployment. We also describe the online triggering and data filtering systems that select candidate neutrino and cosmic ray events for analysis. Due to a rigorous pre-deployment protocol, 98.4% of the DOMs in the deep ice are operating and collecting data. IceCube routinely achieves a detector uptime of 99% by emphasizing software stability and monitoring. Detector operations have been stable since construction was completed, and the detector is expected to operate at least until the end of the next decade.
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| 2. |
- Ahrens, J., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of high energy atmospheric neutrinos with the Antarctic muon and neutrino detector array
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 66:1, s. 120051-1200520
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Antarctic muon and neutrino detector array (AMANDA) began collecting data with ten strings in 1997. Results from the first year of operation are presented. Neutrinos coming through the Earth from the Northern Hemisphere are identified by secondary muons moving upward through the array. Cosmic rays in the atmosphere generate a background of downward moving muons, which are about 106 times more abundant than the upward moving muons. Over 130 days of exposure, we observed a total of about 300 neutrino events. In the same period, a background of 1.05 × 109 cosmic ray muon events was recorded. The observed neutrino flux is consistent with atmospheric neutrino predictions. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that 90% of these events lie in the energy range 66 GeV to 3.4 TeV. The observation of atmospheric neutrinos consistent with expectations establishes AMANDA-B10 as a working neutrino telescope.
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| 3. |
- Ahrens, J., et al.
(författare)
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Search for neutrino-induced cascades with the AMANDA detector
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 1550-7998 .- 1550-2368. ; 67:1, s. 012003-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on a search for electromagnetic and/or hadronic showers (cascades) induced by a diffuse flux of neutrinos with energies between 5 TeV and 300 TeV from extraterrestrial sources. Cascades may be produced by matter interactions of all flavors of neutrinos, and contained cascades have better energy resolution and afford better background rejection than throughgoing νμ-induced muons. Data taken in 1997 with the AMANDA detector were searched for events with a high-energy cascadelike signature. The observed events are consistent with expected backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos and catastrophic energy losses from atmospheric muons. Effective volumes for all flavors of neutrinos, which allow the calculation of limits for any neutrino flux model, are presented. The limit on cascades from a diffuse flux of νe+ νμ + ντ+ ν̄e + ν̄μ+ ν̄τ is E2(dΦ/dE)<9.8×10-6 GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1, assuming a neutrino flavor flux ratio of 1:1:1 at the detector. The limit on cascades from a diffuse flux of νe+ν̄e is E2(dΦ/dE)<6. 5×10-6 GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1, independent of the assumed neutrino flavor flux ratio. © 2003 The American Physical Society.
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| 4. |
- Kowalski, Marek, et al.
(författare)
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Physics results from the AMANDA neutrino detector
- 2001
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Science. - 1824-8039. ; HEP2001
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the winter season of 2000, the AMANDA (Antarctic Muon And NeutrinoDetector Array) detector was completed to its nal state. We report on major physicsresults obtained from the AMANDA-B10 detector, as well as initial results of the fullAMANDA-II detector.
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| 5. |
- Darbousset, R, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue factor-positive neutrophils bind to injured endothelial wall and initiate thrombus formation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 120:10, s. 2133-2143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For a long time, blood coagulation and innate immunity have been viewed as interrelated responses. Recently, the presence of leukocytes at the sites of vessel injury has been described. Here we analyzed interaction of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets in thrombus formation after a laser-induced injury in vivo. Neutrophils immediately adhered to injured vessels, preceding platelets, by binding to the activated endothelium via leukocyte function antigen-1–ICAM-1 interactions. Monocytes rolled on a thrombus 3 to 5 minutes postinjury. The kinetics of thrombus formation and fibrin generation were drastically reduced in low tissue factor (TF) mice whereas the absence of factor XII had no effect. In vitro, TF was detected in neutrophils. In vivo, the inhibition of neutrophil binding to the vessel wall reduced the presence of TF and diminished the generation of fibrin and platelet accumulation. Injection of wild-type neutrophils into low TF mice partially restored the activation of the blood coagulation cascade and accumulation of platelets. Our results show that the interaction of neutrophils with endothelial cells is a critical step preceding platelet accumulation for initiating arterial thrombosis in injured vessels. Targeting neutrophils interacting with endothelial cells may constitute an efficient strategy to reduce thrombosis.
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