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- Björnqvist, Anton, 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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An Analysis of a Swedish Medical Command and Control System’s Situation Reports from the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: ISCRAM 2022 Conference Proceedings – 19th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management. - 9788284270999 ; , s. 334-348
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an analysis of situation reports used and created by a crisis management team within the Swedish healthcare sector during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis was conducted through a deductive content analysis, where categories were identified based on the concepts of common operational pictures, sensemaking, and situation awareness. In the analysis, support for all identified categories was found. Based on the analysis and the concepts, future recommendations regarding what type of information that ought to be included in situation reports were created. These recommendations include, amongst others, the categories of consequences, how it is perceived by the public, objectives, status and implications of information, future scenarios, actions, resources, and work procedures.
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- Björnqvist, Anton, 1995-, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying Teamwork Processes in a Medical Command and Control Team During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th International ISCRAM Conference. - Omaha, USA. ; , s. 711-720
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents an ethnographic study consisting of non-participatory observations of a Swedish regional medical command and control team during their crisis response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The field-notes from the observations were analyzed using a deductive content analysis with categories representing teamwork processes. The content analysis showed that the studied regional medical command and control team was engaged in all but one of the predefined teamwork processes. Furthermore, the content analysis also added to the understanding of the regional medical command and control teamÂ’s work procedures by emphasizing how the team was engaged in the different processes. Lastly, the content analysis also made it possible to identify potential developmental needs of the studied regional medical command and control team.
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- Brodin, Wilhelm, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Presence of Blood on Medical Laypeople’s Ability to Perform First Aid for Massive Bleeding
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting. ; , s. 251-255
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are currently several educational initiatives to teach first aid courses for medical laypeople, such as the Stop the Bleed campaign. Although much research on educational initiatives has been conducted, there are still factors that remain unexplored, such as the potential effects of blood itself on laypeople’s first aid performance and educational experience. This study investigates such potential effects for performance of the first aid techniques tourniquet application and wound packing, in relation to individual differences in disgust sensitivity and medical fear of blood. The results show that the presence of blood will increase the time a medical layperson takes to apply a tourniquet and pack a wound but does not affect the quality of the aid. Additionally, the disgust sensitivity of the medical layperson was found to predict an increase in application time for the wound packing task, but not the tourniquet application task, when blood was present.
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- Friberg, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Stress on Tourniquet Application and CPR Performance in Layperson and Professional Civilian Populations
- 2023
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Ingår i: Human Factors. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 0018-7208 .- 1547-8181. ; 65:3, s. 496-507
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The purpose of this study was to compare laypeoples and professional first responders ability to perform tourniquet application and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during calm and stressful circumstances. Background Life-threatening bleeding is a major cause of death that could be prevented by fast and appropriate first aid interventions. Therefore, laypeople are now being trained in bleeding control skills, transforming them from bystanders to immediate responders. However, critics have questioned whether laypeople are able to perform during more stressful conditions. Method Twenty-four laypersons and 31 professional first responders were tested in two conditions: a calm classroom scenario and a stressful scenario consisting of paintball fire and physical exertion. Stress and workload were assessed along with task performance. Results The experimental manipulation was successful in terms of eliciting stress reactions. Tourniquet application performance did not decline in the stressful condition, but some aspects of CPR performance did for both groups. First responders experienced higher task engagement and lower distress, worry and workload than the laypeople in both the calm and stressful conditions. Conclusion Stress did not affect first responders and laypeople differently in terms of performance effects. Stress should therefore not be considered a major obstacle for teaching bleeding control skills to laypeople. Application Tourniquet application can be taught to laypeople in a short amount of time, and they can perform this skill during stress in controlled settings. Concerns about laypeoples ability to perform under stress should not exclude bleeding control skills from first aid courses for civilian laypeople.
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| 9. |
- Friberg, Marc, et al.
(författare)
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Training Effectiveness Factors Associated with Laypeople Hemorrhage Control Training : A Systematic Literature Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Framtidens Skadeplats 2023. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IntroductionHemorrhage control initiated by laypeople, or immediate responders, can be a crucial link for increased survival among victims with hemorrhage. An increased interest in hemorrhage control training for laypeople have resulted in numerous publications in the area, showing that training laypeople in hemorrhage control can be successful (Nichols & Horstman, 2022; Tang et al., 2022). To this date, it is unknown which training factors are associated with successful training outcomes and to what extent. The objective of this study is to review and analyze past and present literature on hemorrhage control training for laypeople, in order to highlight current knowledge gaps, and direct future research.MethodA systematic literature review was performed by reviewing and analyzing the literature. Five electronic databases, CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, were used in the literature search. Search keywords were chosen among the variations and synonyms to the words: “laypeople” AND “hemorrhage” AND “training” AND “stop the bleed”. To examine where the knowledge gaps exist in terms of training effectiveness, a theoretical model by Cannon-Bowers et al. (1995) was chosen as theoretical lens, and each record was categorized into six training outcome categories: reactions, attitude change, learning, training performance, job performance, and results/organizational effectiveness, according to the content of the reviewed studies.Preliminary resultsIn total, 2962 records were initially identified for screening, and 1186 records were kept after duplicate removal and deletion of incomplete records. After title and abstract review, 186 records were sought for retrieval. This will be further reduced into a fewer number of records for full text review after additional screening. By categorizing the records into the six training outcome categories, previous research efforts can be highlighted, as well as it creates an opportunity for future research suggestions.ConclusionBy equipping the public with the necessary knowledge and tools for hemorrhage control, lives can be saved. By examining the literature on hemorrhage control training effectiveness, suggestions for future research and educational practice can be made.
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