| 1. |
- Hampel, Sabrina, et al.
(författare)
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Structural and Mutagenesis Studies of the Thiamine-Dependent, Ketone-Accepting YerE from Pseudomonas protegens
- 2018
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Ingår i: ChemBioChem. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1439-4227 .- 1439-7633. ; 19:21, s. 2283-2292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wide range of thiamine diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent enzymes catalyze the benzoin-type carboligation of pyruvate with aldehydes. A few ThDP-dependent enzymes, such as YerE from Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (YpYerE), are known to accept ketones as acceptor substrates. Catalysis by YpYerE gives access to chiral tertiary alcohols, a group of products difficult to obtain in an enantioenriched form by other means. Hence, knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme is crucial to identify structure-activity relationships. However, YpYerE has yet to be crystallized, despite several attempts. Herein, we show that a homologue of YpYerE, namely, PpYerE from Pseudomonas protegens (59 % amino acid identity), displays similar catalytic activity: benzaldehyde and its derivatives as well as ketones are converted into chiral 2-hydroxy ketones by using pyruvate as a donor. To enable comparison of aldehyde- and ketone-accepting enzymes and to guide site-directed mutagenesis studies, PpYerE was crystallized and its structure was determined to a resolution of 1.55 angstrom.
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| 2. |
- Jenniskens, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Fall, recovery, and characterization of the Novato L6 chondrite breccia
- 2014
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Ingår i: Meteoritics and Planetary Science. - : Wiley. - 1086-9379. ; 49:8, s. 1388-1425
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Novato L6 chondrite fragmental breccia fell in California on 17 October 2012, and was recovered after the Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance (CAMS) project determined the meteor's trajectory between 95 and 46 km altitude. The final fragmentation from 42 to 22 km altitude was exceptionally well documented by digital photographs. The first sample was recovered before rain hit the area. First results from a consortium study of the meteorite's characterization, cosmogenic and radiogenic nuclides, origin, and conditions of the fall are presented. Some meteorites did not retain fusion crust and show evidence of spallation. Before entry, the meteoroid was 35 +/- 5 cm in diameter (mass 80 +/- 35 kg) with a cosmic-ray exposure age of 9 +/- 1 Ma, if it had a one-stage exposure history. A two-stage exposure history is more likely, with lower shielding in the last few Ma. Thermoluminescence data suggest a collision event within the last similar to 0.1 Ma. Novato probably belonged to the class of shocked L chondrites that have a common shock age of 470 Ma, based on the U, Th-He age of 420 +/- 220 Ma. The measured orbits of Novato, Jesenice, and Innisfree are consistent with a proposed origin of these shocked L chondrites in the Gefion asteroid family, perhaps directly via the 5: 2 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter. Novato experienced a stronger compaction than did other L6 chondrites of shock-stage S4. Despite this, a freshly broken surface shows a wide range of organic compounds.
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| 3. |
- McElvaney, Noel G., et al.
(författare)
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Long-term efficacy and safety of α1 proteinase inhibitor treatment for emphysema caused by severe α1 antitrypsin deficiency : an open-label extension trial (RAPID-OLE)
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. - 2213-2600. ; 5:1, s. 51-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Purified α1 proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) slowed emphysema progression in patients with severe α1 antitrypsin deficiency in a randomised controlled trial (RAPID-RCT), which was followed by an open-label extension trial (RAPID-OLE). The aim was to investigate the prolonged treatment effect of A1PI on the progression of emphysema as assessed by the loss of lung density in relation to RAPID-RCT. Methods Patients who had received either A1PI treatment (Zemaira or Respreeza; early-start group) or placebo (delayed-start group) in the RAPID-RCT trial were included in this 2-year open-label extension trial (RAPID-OLE). Patients from 22 hospitals in 11 countries outside of the USA received 60 mg/kg per week A1PI. The primary endpoint was annual rate of adjusted 15th percentile lung density loss measured using CT in the intention-to-treat population with a mixed-effects regression model. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00670007. Findings Between March 1, 2006, and Oct 13, 2010, 140 patients from RAPID-RCT entered RAPID-OLE: 76 from the early-start group and 64 from the delayed-start group. Between day 1 and month 24 (RAPID-RCT), the rate of lung density loss in RAPID-OLE patients was lower in the early-start group (−1·51 g/L per year [SE 0·25] at total lung capacity [TLC]; −1·55 g/L per year [0·24] at TLC plus functional residual capacity [FRC]; and −1·60 g/L per year [0·26] at FRC) than in the delayed-start group (−2·26 g/L per year [0·27] at TLC; −2·16 g/L per year [0·26] at TLC plus FRC, and −2·05 g/L per year [0·28] at FRC). Between months 24 and 48, the rate of lung density loss was reduced in delayed-start patients (from −2·26 g/L per year to −1·26 g/L per year), but no significant difference was seen in the rate in early-start patients during this time period (−1·51 g/L per year to −1·63 g/L per year), thus in early-start patients the efficacy was sustained to month 48. Interpretation RAPID-OLE supports the continued efficacy of A1PI in slowing disease progression during 4 years of treatment. Lost lung density was never recovered, highlighting the importance of early intervention with A1PI treatment. Funding CSL Behring.
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| 4. |
- Storm, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A survey on general and temperature management of post cardiac arrest patients in large teaching and university hospitals in 14 European countries-The SPAME trial results
- 2017
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572. ; 116, s. 84-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: International guidelines recommend a bundle of care, including targeted temperature management (TTM), in post cardiac arrest survivors. Aside from a few small surveys in different European countries, adherence to the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) recommendations are unknown. Methods: This international European telephone survey was conducted to provide an overview of current clinical practice of post cardiac arrest management with a main focus on TTM. We targeted large teaching and university hospitals within Europe as leading facilities and key opinion leaders in the field of post cardiac arrest care. Selected national principal investigators conducted the survey, which was based on a predefined questionnaire, between December 2014 and March 2015, before the publication of the ERC Guidelines 2015. Results: The return rate was 94% from 268 participating intensive care units (ICU). The majority had a predefined standard operating procedure (SOP) protocol for post cardiac arrest patients. Altogether, 68% of the ICUs provided TTM at a target temperature of 32-34. °C for 24. h, and 33% had changed the target temperature to 36. °C. The minority provided a written SOP for neurological prognostication, which was generally initiated 72. h after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Electroencephalography and somatosensory evoked potentials were used by most ICUs for early prognostication. Treating more than fifty patients a year was significantly associated with providing written SOPs for TTM and prognostication (p. <. 0.01), as well as the use of a computer feedback device (p = 0.03) for TTM. Conclusion: This international European telephone survey revealed a high rate of implementation of TTM in post cardiac arrest patients in university and teaching hospitals. Most participants also provided a SOP, but only a minority had a SOP for neurological prognostication.
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| 5. |
- Bernal, Ximena E., et al.
(författare)
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Empowering Latina scientists
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 363:6429, s. 825-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Brütt, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 120:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneity-variation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneity-estimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designs-indicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis.
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| 7. |
- Jenniskens, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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The Creston, California, meteorite fall and the origin of L chondrites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Meteoritics and Planetary Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1086-9379 .- 1945-5100. ; 54:4, s. 699-720
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been proposed that all L chondrites resulted from an ongoing collisional cascade of fragments that originated from the formation of the ~500 Ma old asteroid family Gefion, located near the 5:2 mean‐motion resonance with Jupiter in the middle Main Belt. If so, L chondrite pre‐atmospheric orbits should be distributed as expected for that source region. Here, we present contradictory results from the orbit and collisional history of the October 24, 2015, L6 ordinary chondrite fall at Creston, CA (here reclassified to L5/6). Creston's short 1.30 ± 0.02 AU semimajor axis orbit would imply a long dynamical evolution if it originated from the middle Main Belt. Indeed, Creston has a high cosmic ray exposure age of 40–50 Ma. However, Creston's small meteoroid size and low 4.23 ± 0.07° inclination indicate a short dynamical lifetime against collisions. This suggests, instead, that Creston originated most likely in the inner asteroid belt and was delivered via the ν6 resonance. The U‐Pb systematics of Creston apatite reveals a Pb‐Pb age of 4,497.1 ± 3.7 Ma, and an upper intercept U‐Pb age of 4,496.7 ± 5.8 Ma (2σ), circa 70 Ma after formation of CAI, as found for other L chondrites. The K‐Ar (age ~4.3 Ga) and U,Th‐He (age ~1 Ga) chronometers were not reset at ~500 Ma, while the lower intercept U‐Pb age is poorly defined as 770 ± 320 Ma. So far, the three known L chondrites that impacted on orbits with semimajor axes a <2.0 AU all have high (>3 Ga) K‐Ar ages. This argues for a source of some of our L chondrites in the inner Main Belt. Not all L chondrites originate in a continuous population of Gefion family debris stretching across the 3:1 mean‐motion resonance.
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| 8. |
- Kowalewski, Jozef, et al.
(författare)
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Field-dependent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement in solutions of Ni(II) : What happens above the NMR proton frequency of 1 GHz?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of magnetic resonance. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-7807 .- 1096-0856. ; 314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An extended set of paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) data, up to the field of 32.9 Tesla, is reported for protons in an acidified aqueous solution of a Ni(II) salt in the presence and in the absence of added glycerol. For the 55% w/w glycerol sample, a distinct maximum in the PRE vs magnetic field curve is observed for the first time. The data are analysed using the Swedish slow-motion theory, including both the intramolecular (inner-sphere) and intermolecular (outer-sphere) contributions. The results indicate that estimating the outer-sphere part in the presence of the more efficient inner-sphere term is a difficult task.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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