| 1. |
- Shen, Xiantao, et al.
(författare)
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Catalytic Formation of Disulfide Bonds in Peptides by Molecularly Imprinted Microgels at Oil/Water Interfaces
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8252 .- 1944-8244. ; 8:44, s. 30484-30491
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work describes the preparation and investigation of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) microgels (MGs) stabilized Pickering emulsions (PE) for their ability to catalyze the formation of disulfide bonds in peptides at the O/W interface. The MIP MGs were synthesized via precipitation polymerization and a programmed initiator change strategy. The MIP MGs were characterized using DLS analysis, SEM measurement and optical microscopy analysis. The dry and wet MIP MGs showed a hydrodynamic diameter of 100 nm and 280 nm, respectively. Template rebinding experiment showed that the MIP MGs bound over two times more template (24 mg g-1) compared to the uptake displayed by a non-imprinted reference polymer (NIP) MG (10 mg g-1) at saturation. Using the MIP MGs as stabilizers, catalytic oxidation systems were prepared by emulsifying the oil phase and water phase in presence of different oxidizing agents. During the cyclization, the isolation of the thiol precursors and the oxidizing reagents non-selectively decreased the formation of the byproducts, while the imprinted cavities on the MIP MGs selectively promoted the intramolecular cyclization of peptides. When I2 was used as the oxidizing agent, the MIP-PE-I2 system showed a product yield of 50 %, corresponding to a nearly two-fold increase compared to the non-imprinted polymer NIP-PE-I2 system (26 %). We believe the interfacial catalysis system presented in this work may offer significant benefits in synthetic peptide chemistry by raising productivity while suppressing the formation of by-products.
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| 2. |
- Stiernströmer, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of convicted male-on-female rapists in the South of Sweden between 2013 and 2018: a pilot study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Forensic Sciences Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2096-1790 .- 2471-1411. ; 5:2, s. 126-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate the main characteristics of adult male offenders convicted of rape or aggravated rape against adult females. We reviewed all convictions (n = 21) based on court documents from the District Court, the Court of Appeal and information from the Swedish Tax Agency in Malmö, Sweden, between 2013 and 2018. The findings indicated that the most common offender characteristics were a single status, mean age of 33 years and foreign background. The rapes primarily occurred within a private setting while the victims (who were often younger and knew the offender) were unconscious. Although assumptions based on these results should be made with caution, our findings provide a clear image of the typical circumstances under which these rapes occurred. This study should be viewed as a first attempt to create a database of characteristics of convicted rapists. As more data are added, more sophisticated analyses can be performed and stronger generalizations may be made. Information of this kind may also be important for further research, classification of rapists in offender profiling, and case linking.
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| 3. |
- Stiernströmer, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Demographic characteristics of convicted child sexual abusers in South of Sweden, between 2013 and 2018: a pilot study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Forensic Sciences Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2471-1411 .- 2096-1790. ; 7:3, s. 393-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluates variables concerning demographic characteristics for all adult male offenders convicted of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) aged 0–17 in Malmö, Sweden between 2013 and 2018. All convictions (n = 18) based on court documents from the District Court, the Court of Appeals and information from the Swedish Tax Agency were reviewed. A total of 30 victims were identified. Frequency analyses show that the most common features were that of a single offender, averaging 25 years old, with a non-Swedish background and a high school degree. The predominately extrafamilial CSA (i.e. committed by an acquaintance to the family) occurred in a private setting and consisted of penetrative acts. Girls averaging 13 years old were abused multiple times, under fear and pressure. Although assumptions based on these results are preliminary, they provide a clearer image of the typical circumstances under which CSA occurred within this time frame and geographical location. This study is a first attempt to construct an overview of demographic characteristics of CSA. As more data are gathered from this region, more sophisticated analyses can be conducted, providing stronger generalizations. Information of this kind may be important for research, classification of offender profiling and in case linking.
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| 4. |
- Wöhri, Annemarie, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Light-Induced Structural Changes in a Photosynthetic Reaction Center Caught by Laue Diffraction
- 2010
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 328:5978, s. 630-633
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photosynthetic reaction centers convert the energy content of light into a transmembrane potential difference and so provide the major pathway for energy input into the biosphere. We applied time-resolved Laue diffraction to study light-induced conformational changes in the photosynthetic reaction center complex of Blastochloris viridis. The side chain of TyrL162, which lies adjacent to the special pair of bacteriochlorophyll molecules that are photooxidized in the primary light conversion event of photosynthesis, was observed to move 1.3 angstroms closer to the special pair after photoactivation. Free energy calculations suggest that this movement results from the deprotonation of this conserved tyrosine residue and provides a mechanism for stabilizing the primary charge separation reactions of photosynthesis.
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