| 1. |
- van der Lee, S. J., et al.
(författare)
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A nonsynonymous mutation in PLCG2 reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia, and increases the likelihood of longevity
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Neuropathologica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 138:2, s. 237-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetic variant rs72824905-G (minor allele) in the PLCG2 gene was previously associated with a reduced Alzheimer's disease risk (AD). The role of PLCG2 in immune system signaling suggests it may also protect against other neurodegenerative diseases and possibly associates with longevity. We studied the effect of the rs72824905-G on seven neurodegenerative diseases and longevity, using 53,627 patients, 3,516 long-lived individuals and 149,290 study-matched controls. We replicated the association of rs72824905-G with reduced AD risk and we found an association with reduced risk of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We did not find evidence for an effect on Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) risks, despite adequate sample sizes. Conversely, the rs72824905-G allele was associated with increased likelihood of longevity. By-proxy analyses in the UK Biobank supported the associations with both dementia and longevity. Concluding, rs72824905-G has a protective effect against multiple neurodegenerative diseases indicating shared aspects of disease etiology. Our findings merit studying the PLC gamma 2 pathway as drug-target.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fountoulakis, K.N., et al.
(författare)
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Modeling psychological function in patients with schizophrenia with the PANSS : An international multi-center study
- 2021
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Ingår i: CNS Spectrums. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1092-8529 .- 2165-6509. ; 26:3, s. 290-298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background.The aim of the current study was to explore the changing interrelationships among clinical variables through the stages of schizophrenia in order to assemble a comprehensive and meaningful disease model.Methods.Twenty-nine centers from 25 countries participated and included 2358 patients aged 37.21 ± 11.87 years with schizophrenia. Multiple linear regression analysis and visual inspection of plots were performed.Results.The results suggest that with progression stages, there are changing correlations among Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale factors at each stage and each factor correlates with all the others in that particular stage, in which this factor is dominant. This internal structure further supports the validity of an already proposed four stages model, with positive symptoms dominating the first stage, excitement/hostility the second, depression the third, and neurocognitive decline the last stage.Conclusions.The current study investigated the mental organization and functioning in patients with schizophrenia in relation to different stages of illness progression. It revealed two distinct “cores” of schizophrenia, the “Positive” and the “Negative,” while neurocognitive decline escalates during the later stages. Future research should focus on the therapeutic implications of such a model. Stopping the progress of the illness could demand to stop the succession of stages. This could be achieved not only by both halting the triggering effect of positive and negative symptoms, but also by stopping the sensitization effect on the neural pathways responsible for the development of hostility, excitement, anxiety, and depression as well as the deleterious effect on neural networks responsible for neurocognition.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Fountoulakis, KN, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship of suicide rates to economic variables in Europe: 2000-2011
- 2014
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Ingår i: The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 1472-1465. ; 205:6, s. 486-496
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is unclear whether there is a direct link between economic crises and changes in suicide rates.AimsThe Lopez-Ibor Foundation launched an initiative to study the possible impact of the economic crisis on European suicide rates.MethodData was gathered and analysed from 29 European countries and included the number of deaths by suicide in men and women, the unemployment rate, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, the annual economic growth rate and inflation.ResultsThere was a strong correlation between suicide rates and all economic indices except GPD per capita in men but only a correlation with unemployment in women. However, the increase in suicide rates occurred several months before the economic crisis emerged.ConclusionsOverall, this study confirms a general relationship between the economic environment and suicide rates; however, it does not support there being a clear causal relationship between the current economic crisis and an increase in the suicide rate.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Angerbjörn, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of the Arctic Fox Population in Sweden
- 1995
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Ingår i: Annales Zoologici Fennici. ; 32:1, s. 55-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arctic fox populations fluctuate widely with the abundance of prey, i.e. lemmings and voles (Arvicolinae). We have investigated the patterns and mechanisms of these fluctuations in arctic fox numbers through den inventories during 20 years (1974-1993) in Sweden. Time series analyses confirmed a four-year cyclicity in both arctic fox numbers and litter size. However, the different geographical regions were not in synchrony. The fox population in the southern parts of the distribution range has shown regular peaks during the whole period, whereas those in the northern and middle parts of Sweden have declined since 1982. In the northernmost county, also litter sizes have decreased. These differences coincided with an absence of vole and lemming peaks in the north. Experimental feeding confirmed that food availability had a direct impact on breeding success and litter size, thereby limiting the population. We conclude that the total number of arctic foxes in Sweden in 1994 is as low as 40-80 animals.
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| 8. |
- Eyrich, C., et al.
(författare)
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Effects of substitution on the exchange stiffness and magnetization of Co films
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 90:23, s. 235408-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An antiferromagnetically coupled FM/NM/FM (FM = ferromagnet, NM = normal metal) trilayer structure responds to an external magnetic field by the formation of a magnetic-moment spring within the FM layers. We show that the exchange stiffness (A ex) of an FM layer can be determined by fitting the field-dependent magnetization, M(H), of the FM/NM/FM trilayer to a micromagnetic model. Using this method, we have measured the exchange stiffness of thin-film Co alloyed with Cr, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, and Ru. The results show that the rate at which a substituent element reduces the exchange stiffness is not directly related to its effect on the magnetization of the alloy. The observed trends have been understood by material-specific modeling based on density functional theory within the local density approximation. The stiffness measurements are in agreement with Brillouin light scattering carried out on thicker Co films.
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| 9. |
- Eyrich, C., et al.
(författare)
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Exchange stiffness in thin film Co alloys
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 111:7, s. 07C919-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The exchange stiffness (A(ex)) is one of the key parameters controlling magnetization reversal in magnetic materials. We used a method based on the spin spiral formation in two ferromagnetic films antiferromagnetically coupled across a non-magnetic spacer layer and Brillouin scattering to measure A(ex) for a series of Co1-delta X delta (X=Cr, Ni, Ru, Pd, Pt) thin film alloys. The results show that A(ex) of Co alloys does not necessarily scale with M-s; A(ex) approximately decreases at the rate of 1.1%, 1.5%, 2.1%, 3.5%, and 5.6%, while M-s decreases at the rate of 1.1%, 0.5%, 1.1%, 3.7%, and 2.5% per addition of 1 at% of Pt, Ni, Pd, Cr, and Ru, respectively.
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| 10. |
- From Attebring, M, et al.
(författare)
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Has the interest in secondary prevention increased among the physicians after the 4S study?
- 2000
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 34:2, s. 164-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluates the occurrence of various risk indicators, with particular emphasis on serum lipids one year after a coronary event (development of acute mycoardial infarction (AMI); exposure to either coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), prior to and after presentation of the main results from the 4S study. Patients under 70 years of age either hospitalized for AMI or undergoing CABG or PTCA at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Göteborg were evaluated one year after the event. Patients who had an event during the period January 1, 1993 until December 31, 1993 were evaluated one year later (Period I) and those who had an event during the period September 1, 1995 until August 31, 1996 were evaluated one year thereafter (Period II). In total, 293 patients were evaluated during Period I and 284 during Period II. Mean total serum cholesterol levels fell from 6.2 mmol/l during Period I to 5.3 mmol/l during Period II (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with serum cholesterol < or =5.0 mmol/l increased from 15% during Period I to 40% during Period II (p < 0.001). The mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels fell from 4.0 mmol/l during Period I to 3.2 mmol/l during Period II (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with LDL < or =3.5 mmol/l increased from 32% during Period I to 68% during Period II (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients using lipid-lowering drugs increased from 25% during Period I to 57% during Period II (p < 0.001). Among patients with coronary artery disease who had either developed AMI or undergone CABG or PTCA, a marked increase in the use of lipid-lowering drugs has been observed in a university hospital in Sweden after presentation of the results of the 4S study. Parallel to the increased use of lipid-lowering drugs, we observed a substantial lowering of serum lipids.
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