| 1. |
- Almeida, Ana, et al.
(författare)
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A transnational analysis of published guidelines for cyberbullying prevention: Similarities and differences
- 2011
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Ingår i: 15th European Conference on Developmental Psychology, 23-27 August 2011 - Bergen - Norway.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive review of nationally published guidelines for positive uses of information and communication technology (ICT) and cyberbullying prevention was conducted as part of a set of interrelated studies in the framework of a COST Action research network devoted to studying cyberbullying and the positive and negative uses of ICT in relationships in educational settings. Guidelines from 27 countries were evaluated using criteria generated from a review of empirical findings. With the aim of determining the similarities and differences as well as the strengths and weaknesses of their content, each guideline was measured in four key domains: 1) Supportive social environment; 2) Proactive policies, plans and practices to prevent and manage cyberbullying behaviors; 3) Staff, student and parent key understanding and competencies; 4) Collaborative school-family-community partnerships across the four target groups (i.e. students, teachers, schools and parents). Results revealed that parents were the least represented target group, while students and teachers where the groups most likely to be targeted by these guidelines. A summary of the criteria findings across the above mentioned domains will be discussed regarding thestrenghts and weakness of the guidelines for cyberbullying prevention and promotion of positive uses of ICT.
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| 2. |
- Andrighetto, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in social norms during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic across 43 countries
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of COVID-19 dramatically changed social behavior across societies and contexts. Here we study whether social norms also changed. Specifically, we study this question for cultural tightness (the degree to which societies generally have strong norms), specific social norms (e.g. stealing, hand washing), and norms about enforcement, using survey data from 30,431 respondents in 43 countries recorded before and in the early stages following the emergence of COVID-19. Using variation in disease intensity, we shed light on the mechanisms predicting changes in social norm measures. We find evidence that, after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing norms increased while tightness and punishing frequency slightly decreased but observe no evidence for a robust change in most other norms. Thus, at least in the short term, our findings suggest that cultures are largely stable to pandemic threats except in those norms, hand washing in this case, that are perceived to be directly relevant to dealing with the collective threat. Tightness-looseness theory predicts that social norms strengthen following threat. Here the authors test this and find that, after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, hand washing norms increased, but no evidence was observed for a robust change in most other norms.
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| 3. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of the appropriate response to norm violation in 57 societies
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Nature Research. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norm enforcement may be important for resolving conflicts and promoting cooperation. However, little is known about how preferred responses to norm violations vary across cultures and across domains. In a preregistered study of 57 countries (using convenience samples of 22,863 students and non-students), we measured perceptions of the appropriateness of various responses to a violation of a cooperative norm and to atypical social behaviors. Our findings highlight both cultural universals and cultural variation. We find a universal negative relation between appropriateness ratings of norm violations and appropriateness ratings of responses in the form of confrontation, social ostracism and gossip. Moreover, we find the country variation in the appropriateness of sanctions to be consistent across different norm violations but not across different sanctions. Specifically, in those countries where use of physical confrontation and social ostracism is rated as less appropriate, gossip is rated as more appropriate. Little is known about peoples preferred responses to norm violations across countries. Here, in a study of 57 countries, the authors highlight cultural similarities and differences in peoples perception of the appropriateness of norm violations.
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| 4. |
- Mona, O'Moore, et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines to prevent cyberbullying: a cross-national review
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cyberbullying through the new media: Findings from an international network. - London and New York : Psychology Press. - 9781848722538 ; , s. 136-161
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyberbullying is one of the darker and more troubling aspects to the growing accessibility of new media technologies. Children in developed countries engage with cyberspace at younger and younger ages, and the use of the internet as a means to bully and harass has been greeted with alarm by educationalists, parents, the media, and governments. This important new book is the result of a four-year international collaboration, funded by the EU, to better understand how we can cope and confront cyberbullying, and how new media technologies can be used to actually support the victims of such abuse. The articles initially define the historical and theoretical context to cyberbullying, before examining key issues involved in managing this pervasive phenomenon. Coverage includes: The definition and measurement of cyberbullying. The legal challenges in tackling cyberbullying across a number of international contexts. The role of mobile phone companies and Internet service providers in monitoring and prevention How the media frame and present the issue, and how that influences our understanding. How victims can cope with the effects of cyberbullying, and the guidelines and advice provided in different countries. How cyber-bullying can continue from school into further education, and the strategies that can be used to prevent it. The ways in which accessing 'youth voice', or maximising the contribution of young people themselves to the research process, can enhance our understanding The book concludes with practical guidance to help confront the trauma that cyberbullying can cause. It will be a valuable resource for researchers, students, policy makers and administrators with an interest in how children and young people are rendered vulnerable to bullying and harassment through a variety of online channels.
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