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- Göthberg, Hanna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-sectional assessment of hearing acuity of an unscreened 85-year-old cohort - Including a 10-year longitudinal study of a sub-sample.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Hearing research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-5891 .- 0378-5955. ; 382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As the proportion of older people increases, it is important to investigate hearing acuity in older individuals and to calculate hearing decline for older ages, using standardised test protocols. The main aim of this study was to determine pure-tone hearing thresholds in an unscreened birth cohort of 85-year-olds born in 1930, living in an industrial Swedish city. A further aim was to describe hearing decline in men and women from 75 to 85 years of age with the aid of longitudinal data. The study was part of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden. Hearing thresholds (0.25-8kHz) were measured using automated pure-tone audiometry for 286 85-year-old participants. A subsample (n=182) was hearing examined at 75 years of age and studied longitudinally from 75 to 85 years. At age 85 years, men had better hearing at low frequencies but poorer hearing at high frequencies than women. The longitudinal study showed a considerable decline between 75 and 85yearsat mid-high frequencies (>1kHz) and the amount of decline was similar between sexes. The results contribute to the estimation of the future need for hearing health services.
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| 2. |
- Göthberg, Hanna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of hearing loss and need for aural rehabilitation in 85-year-olds: a birth cohort comparison, almost three decades apart
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1499-2027 .- 1708-8186. ; 60:7, s. 539-548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Many individuals >80 years have difficulties with speech communication due to age-related hearing loss and would benefit from aural rehabilitation. As the proportion of older people increases, there is a need to investigate the prevalence of "disabling hearing loss" to calculate future rehabilitation need. The aims are to determine the prevalence of hearing loss in an unscreened birth cohort of 85-year olds, and to identify differences in audiometric results between two birth cohorts, born 28-29 years apart. Design: This is a population-based, cross-sectional study that is part of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies. Study sample: Hearing thresholds were measured and compared between 85-year olds born in 1930 (n = 286) and 1901-1902 (n = 249). Results: Based on the WHO criteria, the prevalence of "disabling hearing loss" was 45% for men and 43% for women in the latest birth cohort. Hearing thresholds (0.5-4 kHz) for men improved compared with the earlier birth cohort. No such difference was observed for women. Conclusion: The prevalence of age-related hearing loss over three decades has decreased among 85-year-old men, but has been retained in women. The improvement for men occurred predominantly in the low-mid frequencies. An increased need for aural rehabilitation is expected due to demographic changes.
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| 4. |
- Göthberg, Hanna, 1973
(författare)
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Hearing in advanced age. Epidemiological, pathophysiological and diagnostic perspectives from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies.
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Globalt förväntas antalet personer över 80 år att öka i framtiden. Detta bidrar förmodligen till ett ökat vårdbehov av åldersrelaterade tillstånd och sjukdomar, varav åldersrelaterad hörselnedsättning (ARHL) rankas som den tredje vanligaste. Det finns ett påvisat samband mellan ARHL och kommunikationssvårigheter, social isolering och kognitiv svikt. I takt med stigande ålder sker försämringar i de perifera såväl som i de centrala hörselbanorna, det vill säga från öra till hjärna. Åldersrelaterade försämringar i centrala delar av hörselbanorna resulterar ofta i stora svårigheter att höra tal, speciellt i bullriga situationer. Genom att studera prevalensen för ARHL, inklusive åldersrelaterade kohortskillnader, kan man få en bättre översikt av behovet av hörselrehabilitering. För att uppnå en djupare kunskap om ARHL och dess rehabiliteringsbehov är det av betydelse att även studera patofysiologiska aspekter. Framför allt finns det ett behov av att studera detta på populationer över 80 år då tillgängliga data mestadels fokuserat på yngre åldrar. Denna doktorsavhandling beskriver epidemiologiska, patofysiologiska och diagnostiska perspektiv på ARHL hos 85-åriga män och kvinnor. Resultaten baseras på en prospektiv epidemiologisk studie som genomförs i Göteborg: H70 studierna. Delarbete I beskriver resultat från luftledd tonaudiometri som främst återspeglar perifer hörselfunktion. Resultatet visar att 85-åriga män har sämre hörsel vid höga frekvenser men bättre hörsel vid låga frekvenser jämfört med 85-åriga kvinnor. En longitudinell analys av hörselförändring mellan 75 och 85 års ålder visar på en betydande hörselförsämring i viktiga talfrekvenser för både män och kvinnor. Delarbete II fokuserar också på tonaudiometri och perifer hörselfunktion och presenterar skillnader i hörtrösklar för rena toner mellan två olika ålderkohorter med en åldersskillnad på ca 30 år. Prevalensen för ARHL minskade under cirka tre decennier för män, medan prevalensen var oförändrad för kvinnor. Delarbete III beskriver patofysiologiska aspekter av ARHL. Resultat från validerade och standardiserade kliniska testmetoder, inklusive talaudiometri, presenteras deskriptivt. Sensorineural hörselnedsättning relaterad till kokleär påverkan är den vanligaste sub-typen av auditiv dysfunktion hos 85-åringar. Endast ett fåtal deltagare (~6%) hade konduktiv hörselnedsättning. Cirka en femtedel av 85- åringarna hade sämre taluppfattning än förväntat utifrån tontrösklarna. Utifrån studiens specifika kriterier, kunde endast enstaka av dessa fall kopplas till dysfunktion i hörselnerven (~2%). I delarbete IV studeras central auditiv funktion, specifikt binaurala färdigheter, hos 70 och 85-åringar. Ett dikotiskt taltest med siffror används med låg kognitiv belastning. Resultatet påverkades av både perifer hörselnedsättning och kognitiv förmåga. Det är därmed svårt att identifiera isolerad central auditiv bearbetningsstörning med hjälp av DDT i denna åldersgrupp.
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| 5. |
- Göthberg, Hanna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Is poor speech recognition in 85-year-olds related to auditory neuropathy?
- 2022
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Ingår i: HEAL 2022, Lake Como, Italy.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Understanding the mechanisms causing age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is essential for planning audiological health care services. Speech audiometry, especially in noisy condition and physiological measures, such as auditory brainstem responses are useful diagnostic tests to distinguish between cochlear and auditory neural dysfunction. Purpose: The aim of the study was to study if there are signs of involvement of the cochlear nerve in 85-year-old men and women. Conclusion: The cochlear sub-type of auditory dysfunction (sensory ARHL) was most common in 85-year olds. Poor speech recognition in noise was common but only occasionally associated with abnormal auditory brainstem responses, i.e., neural ARHL in 85-year-olds.
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| 6. |
- Göthberg, Hanna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Pathophysiological and Clinical Aspects of Hearing Loss Among 85-Year-Olds
- 2023
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Ingår i: American journal of audiology. - 1059-0889. ; 32:2, s. 440-452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of conductive/mixed and sensorineural hearing loss, with an attempt to differentiate between sensory and neural components in 85-year-olds. Method: A comprehensive auditory test protocol, including pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, auditory brainstem response (ABR), and distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE), was used to identify different types of hearing loss in 85-year-olds. This study comprised a subsample (n = 125) selected from an unscreened cohort of 85-year-olds born in 1930, within the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies in Sweden. Results: Test results were reported descriptively. Sensorineural hearing loss was present in one or both ears in almost all participants (98%), and the majority had absent DPOAEs. Only approximately 6% had additional conductive hearing loss, that is, mixed hearing loss. Approximately 20% of the participants with a pure-tone average at 0.5-4 kHz < 60 dB HL had worse word recognition scores compared with predicted scores by the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII), whereas only two participants were classified with neural dysfunction with the use of ABR. Conclusions: Sensorineural hearing loss, likely related to outer hair cell loss, was present in the vast majority of 85-year-olds. Conductive/mixed hearing loss appears to be relatively rare in advanced age. Poor word recognition scores in relation to SII-predicted scores were relatively common (20%) in 85-year-olds, whereas auditory neuropathy was only rarely identified (1.6%) by the use of ABR latencies. To explain abnormal word recognition and to identify the neural component of hearing loss among the older-old population, future research should consider factors such as listening effort and cognition among the olderold population.
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| 7. |
- Göthberg, Hanna, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and degree of hearing loss in 85-year-olds: a birth cohort study with a longitudinal design
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oral presentation World Conference of audiology Cape town.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: As the proportion of older people increase, there is a need to investigate the prevalence of age related hearing loss, using standardized protocols and classification methods. Aims: To determine hearing thresholds in an unscreened birth cohort of 85 year olds (born in 1930) in an urban city and to identify differences in pure-tone hearing acuity between two birth cohorts, 30 years apart. Results from longitudinal data between 75-85 years of age, is also presented in this study. Methods: This study is part of The Gothenburg H70 Cohorts Studies (H70), a large gereontological and epidemiological study with a cross-sectional population-based design. Hearing thresholds (0.25-8 KHz), were measured, using automated pure-tone audiometry, in men and women respectively (n=286). Additionally, a subsample (n=182) was studied longitudinally from the age of 75-85 with pure-tone audiometry. An hearing investigation was also done in an earlier cohort of 85 year olds, born in 1901-02, (n=249). Results: Based on WHO´s criteria the hearing loss prevalence was 86% for men and 81% for women. An improvement (p<0.01) was found in hearing loss prevalence, hearing thresholds and pure-tone average (PTA 4) in men born 1930 compared with men born 1901-02. There were no significant differences in prevalence or PTA 4 between women born in 1901-02 and 1930. The longitudinal study showed a significant hearing deterioration between the age of 75-85 years with similar annual decline for men and women, both regarding rate and frequency pattern. Conclusion: The prevalence of hearing loss is high at the age of 85 (>80%). The hearing acuity for pure tones has improved significantly among men over three decades but not in women in Sweden. The hearing acuity between men and women has become more alike compared to the earlier birth cohort. Similar annual decline was seen in men and women between the age of 75-85. Despite the improved hearing in men, the future need of aural rehabilitation is expected to increase due to demographic changes. Further research is required to elucidate contributing factors for improved hearing among Swedish 85-year-old men.
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| 9. |
- Hoff, Maria, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Accuracy of automated pure-tone audiometry in population-based samples of older adults
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Audiology. - 1499-2027.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveAutomated pure-tone audiometry is frequently used in teleaudiology and hearing screening. Given the high prevalence of age-related hearing loss, older adults are an important target population. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of automated audiometry in older adults, and to examine the influence of test frequency, age, sex, hearing and cognitive status.Design and study sampleIn a population-based study, two age-homogeneous samples of 70-year-olds (n = 238) and 85-year-olds (n = 114) were tested with automated audiometry in an office using circum-aural headphones and, around 4 weeks later, with manual audiometry conducted to clinical standards. The differences were analysed for individual frequencies (range: 0.25-8 kHz) and pure-tone averages.ResultsThe mean difference varied across test frequencies and age groups, the overall figure being -0.7 dB (SD = 8.8, p < 0.001), and 68% to 94% of automated thresholds corresponded within +/- 10 dB of manual thresholds. The poorest accuracy was found at 8 kHz. Age, sex, hearing and cognitive status were not associated with the accuracy (ordinal regression analysis).ConclusionsAutomated audiometry seems to produce accurate assessments of hearing sensitivity in the majority of older adults, but with larger error margins than in younger populations, and is not affected by relevant patient factors associated with old age.
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