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- Dieny, B., et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities and challenges for spintronics in the microelectronics industry
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Electronics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2520-1131. ; 3:8, s. 446-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This Review Article examines the potential of spintronics in four key areas of application -memories, sensors, microwave devices, and logic devices - and discusses the challenges that need be addressed in order to integrate spintronic materials and functionalities into mainstream microelectronic platforms. Spintronic devices exploit the spin, as well as the charge, of electrons and could bring new capabilities to the microelectronics industry. However, in order for spintronic devices to meet the ever-increasing demands of the industry, innovation in terms of materials, processes and circuits are required. Here, we review recent developments in spintronics that could soon have an impact on the microelectronics and information technology industry. We highlight and explore four key areas: magnetic memories, magnetic sensors, radio-frequency and microwave devices, and logic and non-Boolean devices. We also discuss the challenges-at both the device and the system level-that need be addressed in order to integrate spintronic materials and functionalities into mainstream microelectronic platforms.
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- Carbone, C., et al.
(författare)
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Correlated Electrons Step by Step : Itinerant-to-Localized Transition of Fe Impurities in Free-Electron Metal Hosts
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 104:11, s. 117601-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-resolution photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculations have been employed to analyze the onset and progression of d-sp hybridization in Fe impurities deposited on alkali metal films. The interplay between delocalization, mediated by the free-electron environment, and Coulomb interaction among d electrons gives rise to complex electronic configurations. The multiplet structure of a single Fe atom evolves and gradually dissolves into a quasiparticle peak near the Fermi level with increasing host electron density. The effective multiorbital impurity problem within the exact diagonalization scheme describes the whole range of hybridizations.
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- Gambardella, P., et al.
(författare)
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Supramolecular control of the magnetic anisotropy in two-dimensional high-spin Fe arrays at a metal interface
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature Materials. - 1476-4660 .- 1476-1122. ; 8:3, s. 189-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Magnetic atoms at surfaces may provide the ultimate paradigm of a solid-state magnetic memory exhibiting either classical , or quantum , behaviour. Individual atoms, however, are difficult to arrange in regular patterns1,2,3,4, . Moreover, their magnetic properties are dominated by interaction with the substrate, which, as in the case of Kondo systems, often leads to a decrease or quench of their local magnetic moment , . Here we show that the supramolecular assembly of Fe and 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid molecules on a Cu surface results in ordered arrays of high-spin mononuclear Fe centres on a 1.5 nm square grid. Lateral coordination with the molecular ligands yields unsaturated yet stable coordination bonds, which allow for the chemical modification of the electronic and magnetic properties of the Fe atoms independently from the substrate. The easy magnetization direction of the Fe centres can be switched by oxygen adsorption, thus opening a way to control the magnetic anisotropy in supramolecular layers akin to that employed in metallic thin films , , , .
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- Arganda-Carreras, Ignacio, et al.
(författare)
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Crowdsourcing the creation of image segmentation algorithms for connectomics
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Neuroanatomy. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1662-5129. ; 9:142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To stimulate progress in automating the reconstruction of neural circuits, we organized the first international challenge on 2D segmentation of electron microscopic (EM) images of the brain. Participants submitted boundary maps predicted for a test set of images, and were scored based on their agreement with a consensus of human expert annotations. The winning team had no prior experience with EM images, and employed a convolutional network. This "deep learning" approach has since become accepted as a standard for segmentation of FM images. The challenge has continued to accept submissions, and the best so far has resulted from cooperation between two teams. The challenge has probably saturated, as algorithms cannot progress beyond limits set by ambiguities inherent in 2D scoring and the size of the test dataset. Retrospective evaluation of the challenge scoring system reveals that it was not sufficiently robust to variations in the widths of neurite borders. We propose a solution to this problem, which should be useful for a future 3D segmentation challenge.
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