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- Wei, Ting, et al.
(författare)
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Developed and developing world responsibilities for historical climate change and CO2 mitigation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 109:32, s. 12911-12915
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Conference in Cancun, in November 2010, the Heads of State reached an agreement on the aim of limiting the global temperature rise to 2 degrees C relative to preindustrial levels. They recognized that long-term future warming is primarily constrained by cumulative anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, that deep cuts in global emissions are required, and that action based on equity must be taken to meet this objective. However, negotiations on emission reduction among countries are increasingly fraught with difficulty, partly because of arguments about the responsibility for the ongoing temperature rise. Simulations with two earth-system models (NCAR/CESM and BNU-ESM) demonstrate that developed countries had contributed about 60-80%, developing countries about 20-40%, to the global temperature rise, upper ocean warming, and sea-ice reduction by 2005. Enacting pledges made at Cancun with continuation to 2100 leads to a reduction in global temperature rise relative to business as usual with a 1/3-2/3 (CESM 33-67%, BNU-ESM 35-65%) contribution from developed and developing countries, respectively. To prevent a temperature rise by 2 degrees C or more in 2100, it is necessary to fill the gap with more ambitious mitigation efforts.
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| 2. |
- Wu, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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Changes of effective temperature and cold/hot days in late decades over China based on a high resolution gridded observation dataset
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Climatology. - : Wiley. - 0899-8418 .- 1097-0088. ; 37:S1, s. 788-800
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 Royal Meteorological Society The effective temperature (ET) is employed to investigate observed changes of thermal comfort conditions over China during the late decades of the historical observational period. ET considers the aggregate effects of temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed to describe the human thermal sensitivity to weather and climate. The data used in the study is the recently produced gridded daily scale dataset CN05.1, which covers the period of 1961–2014 at a resolution of 0.25° latitude by 0.25° longitude. Results show a general increase of ET in both December-January-February (DJF) and June-July-August (JJA). The increase is mostly caused by an increase of temperature and a decrease of wind speed, while the contribution from relative humidity is small. As measured by ET, China is a cold country with many more cold days than hot days. Large decreases of cold days and increases of hot days are found following the increase of ET. The number of comfortable days shows larger values in the warm areas and during the warm seasons. During the analysis period, the number of annual comfortable days shows an increasing trend when considering the China-wide average. However, the number of annual comfortable days during JJA decreases over warm areas.
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