| 1. |
- Cao, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Ionic organic cage-encapsulated metal clusters for switchable catalysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cell Reports Physical Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-3864. ; 2:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capability to build up stable, switchable catalysts for complex artificial systems that can mimic the responsiveness of biological systems to multiple triggers is highly desirable and challenging. Herein, we engineer such a system by physically locking catalytically active metal clusters (MCs) inside individual cationic molecular organic cages (I-Cages), where the responsive and task-specific counteranions of I-Cages impart MCs with a programmable gating effect. This allows for precise spatial and temporal control over chemical reactions by regulating accessibility of reagents to the MC sites. Following this strategy, we have successfully tailored catalytic activity of a series of model catalysis (e.g., methanolysis of ammonia borane, and the reduction of 4-nitroaniline) by employing light and pH stimuli, as well as their combination, for programmable-activity control.
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| 2. |
- El-Seedi, Hesham R., et al.
(författare)
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Honeybee products : An updated review of neurological actions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Trends in Food Science & Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-2244 .- 1879-3053. ; 101, s. 17-27
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: According to the World Health Organization, two billion people will attain the age of 60 years or more by 2050. Ageing is a major risk factor for a number of neurodegenerative disorders, which currently possess challenge to the global health status, carrying economic and social consequences. Therefore, attention has been dedicated towards the development of neuroprotective agents derived from natural sources. Honeybee products, such as honey, bee pollen, bee bread, propolis, royal jelly, beeswax, and bee venom have been used for therapeutic purposes since ancient times in Egypt, Greece, and China. Despite the emergence of modern medicine, bee products remain clinically relevant owing to their potential as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective agents.Scope and approach: This review demonstrates the potential of bee products against neurological disorders in the light of the current literature.Key findings and conclusions: Bee products and individual isolated components have enormous therapeutic potential for multiple neurological disorders. The different studies show overall neuroprotective and nerve-tonic characteristics of bee products, mainly due to their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic features. However, some limitations such as allergic reactions and the cytotoxic effect of some bee products warrant a special care in its development as drug leads in future studies.
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| 3. |
- Guo, Zhiming, et al.
(författare)
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Novel mesoporous silica surface loaded gold nanocomposites SERS aptasensor for sensitive detection of zearalenone
- 2023
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mycotoxin contamination is a severe threat to global food security, thus fast and effective detection of myco-toxins is of great significance. Herein, mesoporous silica surface loaded gold nanocomposites (MSN-Rh6G-AuNPs) were prepared as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate, and the SERS aptasensor (MSN-Rh6G-AuNPs@apt) was further obtained by aptamer functionalization which can realize the quantitative and sensitive detection of zearalenone (ZEN). The small nanogaps between AuNPs made MSN-Rh6G-AuNPs present strong SERS performance under excitation light irradiation, while the aptamer performed the functions of ZEN recognition and Raman signal masking. The acquired results revealed that the SERS intensity at 1508 cm-1 had a good linear relationship with ZEN concentration of 3-200 ng/mL and the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 0.0064 ng/mL. In addition, the designed SERS aptasensor was successfully applied to the detection of ZEN in corn, indicating great potential in practical implications.
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| 4. |
- Guo, Zhiming, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitive determination of Patulin by aptamer functionalized magnetic surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) sensor
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0889-1575 .- 1096-0481. ; 115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Food pollution caused by Patulin (PAT) seriously threatens the safety of human diets and has attracted extensive attention. Early and accurate detections of PAT are essential to prevent further toxin spreading and contamination. A surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) aptasensor was fabricated by combining a gold-silver core shell structure containing signal molecule (ADANRs) and chitosan modified magnetic nanoparticles (CS-Fe3O4). The modified ADANRs with the complementary chain of the aptamer (SH-cDNA-ADANRs) which were served as the signal probes and the aptamer modified CS-Fe3O4 (NH2-apt-CS-Fe3O4) were served as the capture probes. In addition to the ability to recognize the target PAT, the capture probe also showed a strong enrichment ability under the action of external magnetic force. The intraparticle plasma coupling between the inner gold core and the outer silver shell can greatly improve the SERS activity of the signal molecules. SERS aptasensor was used to collect the spectra of actual apple samples spiked with different PAT content. The minimum detection limit of SERS aptasensor for detecting PAT in actual samples was 0.0384 ng/mL and the recovery rate range was from 96.3% to 108%. In conclusion, the sensitive and specific SERS aptasensor detection of PAT based on aptamer functionalized nanoparticles exhibited great potential for practical application in mycotoxin detection and analysis.
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| 5. |
- Muleke, Albert, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable intensification with irrigation raises farm profit despite climate emergency
- 2023
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Ingår i: Plants, People, Planet. - : Wiley. - 2572-2611. ; 5:3, s. 368-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Societal Impact StatementDespite comprising a small proportion of global agricultural land use, irrigated agriculture is enormously important to the global agricultural economy. Burgeoning food demand driven by population growth—together with reduced food supply caused by the climate crisis—is polarising the existing tension between water used for agricultural production versus that required for environmental conservation. We show that sustainable intensification via more diverse crop rotations, more efficient water application infrastructure and greater farm area under irrigation is conducive to greater farm business profitability under future climates.SummaryResearch aimed at improving crop productivity often does not account for the complexity of real farms underpinned by land-use changes in space and time.Here, we demonstrate how a new framework—WaterCan Profit—can be used to elicit such complexity using an irrigated case study farm with four whole-farm adaptation scenarios (Baseline, Diversified, Intensified and Simplified) with four types of irrigated infrastructure (Gravity, Pipe & Riser, Pivot and Drip).Without adaptation, the climate crisis detrimentally impacted on farm profitability due to the combination of increased evaporative demand and increased drought frequency. Whole-farm intensification—via greater irrigated land use, incorporation of rice, cotton and maize and increased nitrogen fertiliser application—was the only adaptation capable of raising farm productivity under future climates. Diversification through incorporation of grain legumes into crop rotations significantly improved profitability under historical climates; however, profitability of this adaptation declined under future climates. Simplified systems reduced economic risk but also had lower long-term economic returns.We conclude with four key insights: (1) When assessing whole-farm profit, metrics matter: Diversified systems generally had higher profitability than Intensified systems per unit water, but not per unit land area; (2) gravity-based irrigation infrastructure required the most water, followed by sprinkler systems, whereas Drip irrigation used the least water; (3) whole-farm agronomic adaptation through management and crop genotype had greater impact on productivity compared with changes in irrigation infrastructure; and (4) only whole-farm intensification was able to raise profitability under future climates.
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| 6. |
- Song, Kai, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species : Tetrastes sewersowi and T. bonasia
- 2024
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Ingår i: Avian Research. - : Elsevier. - 2053-7166. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation programs. Elevated levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals, including humans (inbreeding depression). Genomic techniques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and conservation. We used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify both. We found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH (fraction of runs of homozygosity) in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse (Tetrastes sewerzowi) and Hazel Grouse (T. bonasia). FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity (ROH) ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel Grouse. Individuals from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse (including samples from Sweden, Germany and Northeast Poland) were the most inbred (FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44, respectively). These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of birds. Hazel Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding levels. Comparisons of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel Grouse. These results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates, mutational melt down, in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel Grouse. However, when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function mutations, Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse, a result which may indicate that purifying selection (purging) has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.
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| 7. |
- Wu, Xinchen, et al.
(författare)
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Core-satellite nanoassembly system with aptamer-conjugated Au@Ag nanoparticles for SERS detection of patulin in apples
- 2024
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Ingår i: Food Control. - : Elsevier. - 0956-7135 .- 1873-7129. ; 159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patulin (PAT), a major contaminant in apples, poses a huge threat to human health as well as the economic sector. There is an urgent need to develop a sensitive, selective, and fast-responsive method to detect PAT in apples. However, one of the main challenges is overcoming the interferences of complex food matrices. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive competitive SERS sensor based on plasmonic nanoparticles modified by aptamers. The study utilized the formation of nanocomposites through aptamer-modified Au@Ag nanoparticles (NPs) and gold nano-stars (AuNSs) to induce high-intensity Raman signals from the SERS tag. Subsequently, in the presence of PAT, the nanocomposites underwent decomposition, evident through the significant decrease in SERS intensity. According to the standard curve established in this study, the detection limit was 0.0281 ng/mL. The competitive sensor was applied to spiked apple fruit and juice samples, indicating a recovery rate ranging from 91.98% to 102.94%. The excellent analytical performances and high sensitivity observed suggest the potential of the plasmonic nanocomposite sensing strategy in detecting PAT in real matrices.
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| 8. |
- Xue, Shanshan, et al.
(författare)
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A film-like SERS aptasensor for sensitive detection of patulin based on GO@Au nanosheets
- 2024
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier. - 0308-8146 .- 1873-7072. ; 441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patulin (PAT) commonly contaminates fruits, posing a significant risk to human health. Therefore, a highly effective and sensitive approach in identifying PAT is warranted. Herein, a SERS aptasensor was constructed based on a two-dimensional film -like structure. GO@Au nanosheets modified with SH-cDNA were employed as capture probes, while core -shell Au@Ag nanoparticles modified with 4 -MBA and SH-Apt were utilized as signal probes. Through the interaction between capture probes and signal probes, adjustable hotspots were formed, yielding a significant Raman signal. During sensing, the GO@Au-cDNA competitively attached to Au@AgNPs@MBA-Apt, resulting in an inverse relationship between PAT levels and SERS intensity. The acquired results exhibited linear responses to PAT within the range of 1-70 ng/mL, with a calculated limit of detection of 0.46 ng/mL. In addition, the SERS aptasensor exhibited satisfactory recoveries in apple samples, which aligned closely with HPLC. With high sensitivity and specificity, this method holds significant potential for PAT detection.
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| 9. |
- Yosri, Nermeen, et al.
(författare)
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Arctium lappa (Burdock) : Insights from ethnopharmacology potential, chemical constituents, clinical studies, pharmacological utility and nanomedicine
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. - : Elsevier. - 0753-3322 .- 1950-6007. ; 158
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arctium lappa L. is a medicinal edible homologous plant, commonly known as burdock or bardana, which belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is widely distributed throughout Northern Asia, Europe, and North America and has been utilized for hundreds of years. The roots, fruits, seeds, and leaves of A. lappa have been extensively used in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). A. lappa has attracted a great deal of attention due to its possession of highly recognized bioactive metabolites with significant therapeutic potential. Numerous pharmacological effects have been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo by A. lappa and its bioactive metabolites, including antimicrobial, antiobesity, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-allergic, antiviral, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. Additionally, A. lappa has demonstrated considerable clinical efficacies and valuable applications in nanomedicine. Collectively, this review covers the properties of A. lappa and its bioactive metabolites, ethnopharmacology aspects, pharmacological effects, clinical trials, and applications in the field of nanomedicine. Hence, a significant attention should be paid to clinical trials and industrial applications of this plant with particular emphasis, on drug discovery and nanotechnology.
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| 10. |
- Zhang, Su-Yun, et al.
(författare)
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Poly(ionic liquid) composites
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemical Society Reviews. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0306-0012 .- 1460-4744. ; 49:6, s. 1726-1755
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), as an innovative class of polyelectrolytes, are composed of polymeric backbones with IL species in each repeating unit. The combined merits of the polymers and ILs make them promising materials for composites in materials science. Particularly, the integration of PILs with functional substances (PIL composites) opens up a new dimension in utilizing ionic polymers by offering novel properties and improved functions, which impacts multiple subfields of our chemical society. This review summarizes recent developments of PIL composites with a special emphasis on the preparation techniques that are based on the intrinsic properties of the PILs and the synergistic effects between the PILs and substances of interest for diverse applications.
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