| 1. |
- Asa'ad, Farah, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Autoimmune conditions and epigenetic challenges in periodontitis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Translational Autoimmunity, Volume V- Challenges for Autoimmune Diseases. - : Elsevier. - 9780323853897 ; , s. 101-119
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Periodontal diseases are biofilm-induced pathological conditions that disrupt the periodontium homeostasis, affecting the gingival tissue, underlying alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and root cementum. Despite our current understanding of periodontal diseases and advances in periodontal therapy during the last 50 years, recent reports from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicated that nearly 50% of the United States’ population is affected by periodontal diseases. Host-derived factors are known to influence the onset and pathogenesis of periodontitis, including tooth-anatomical factors, tissue structural factors, and immune-regulatory mechanisms. This chapter discusses the current understanding of the role of the host immune response, primarily related to autoimmune disorders and epigenetic modifications, in periodontal diseases.
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| 2. |
- Asa'ad, Farah, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of MicroRNAs in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- 2020
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Ingår i: International journal of molecular sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1422-0067. ; 21:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this review was to evaluate the expression patterns of miRNAs in periodontal and peri-implant diseases, while identifying potential miRNAs with the greatest diagnostic ability as an oral fluid biomarker.Human and animal studies were included when evaluating expression of miRNAs between health and different forms/stages of diseases, in which microarray and/or real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out to detect fold changes in gene expression. After full-text analysis, 43 articles were considered for a qualitative assessment, and 16 miRNAs were selected to perform meta-analysis.Based on human studies, results showed an overall upregulation of most of the evaluated miRNAs in periodontitis, with miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a being the most conclusive on both microarray and RT-PCR values and potentially serving as diagnostic biomarkers for disease activity. Conversely, miR-155 was the only miRNA revealing a statistically significant difference (SSD) (p < 0.05*) in experimental periodontitis models from RT-PCR values. Scarce scientific evidence is available from peri-implant diseases, however, most explored miRNAs in peri-implantitis were downregulated except for miR-145.Although our results revealed that a distinct differential expression of specific miRNAs can be noted between the state of health and disease, future research remains necessary to explore the functional role of specific miRNAs and their potential as therapeutic targets in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. MeSH Terms: periodontitis, peri-implantitis, epigenomics, microarray analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, microRNAs.Scientific background: Although most research identified different expression levels of miRNAs in periodontal and peri-implant diseases compared to their counterparts, their actual role in the pathogenesis of these conditions remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to present a systematic review and meta-analysis on the expression patterns of miRNAs in periodontitis and peri-implantitis, while identifying potential miRNAs with the greatest diagnostic ability as an oral fluid biomarker.In periodontitis-related studies, miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a were the most conclusive on both microarray and RT-PCR values. Scarce scientific evidence is available from peri-implant diseases.Both miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-146a might serve as future diagnostic biomarkers for disease activity in periodontitis. Yet, future research remains necessary to explore the functional role of specific miRNAs and their potential as therapeutic targets in periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
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| 3. |
- Asa'ad, Farah, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic and Epigenetic Susceptibility of Peri-Implantitis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Unfolding Peri-implantitis: Diagnosis, Prevention. - Spain : Quintessence. - 9788489873896
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peri-implantitis is a destructive disease of implant-supporting tissues induced by bacterial biofilm, which provokes an inflammatory host response, influenced by environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Genetics is the science that deals with genes, heredity, and the variations that occur in our genes and DNA, while epigenetics refers to alterations in the gene expression that are not encoded in the DNA sequence, which result in the remodeling of the chromatin and activation or inactivation of a gene. There are three major epigenetic mechanisms: DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. The relationship between genetics, epigenetics, and peri-implantitis has been the subject of interest in the recent years; therefore, we aim in this chapter to present the state of the art on the role of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in peri-implantitis.
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| 4. |
- Ferreria Kunrath, Marcel, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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Implant surface modifications and their impact on osseointegration and peri-implant diseases through epigenetic changes: A scoping review.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of periodontal research. - 1600-0765.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dental implant surfaces and their unique properties can interact with the surrounding oral tissues through epigenetic cues. The present scoping review provides current perspectives on surface modifications of dental implants, their impact on the osseointegration process, and the interaction between implant surface properties and epigenetics, also in peri-implant diseases. Findings of this review demonstrate the impact of innovative surface treatments on the epigenetic mechanisms of cells, showing promising results in the early stages of osseointegration. Dental implant surfaces with properties of hydrophilicity, nanotexturization, multifunctional coatings, and incorporated drug-release systems have demonstrated favorable outcomes for early bone adhesion, increased antibacterial features, and improved osseointegration. The interaction between modified surface morphologies, different chemical surface energies, and/or release of molecules within the oral tissues has been shown to influence epigenetic mechanisms of the surrounding tissues caused by a physical-chemical interaction. Epigenetic changes around dental implants in the state of health and disease are different. In conclusion, emerging approaches in surface modifications for dental implants functionalized with epigenetics have great potential with a significant impact on modulating bone healing during osseointegration.
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| 5. |
- Larsson, Lena, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding the role of endotoxin tolerance in chronic inflammatory conditions and periodontal disease.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical periodontology. - : Wiley. - 1600-051X .- 0303-6979. ; 49:3, s. 270-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review aims to present the current understanding of endotoxin tolerance (ET) in chronic inflammatory diseases and explores the potential connection with periodontitis.Subsequent exposure to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) triggers ET, a phenomenon regulated by different mechanisms and pathways, including toll-like receptors (TLRs), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), apoptosis of immune cells, epigenetics, and microRNAs (miRNAs). These mechanisms interconnect ET with chronic inflammatory diseases that include periodontitis. While the direct correlation between ET and periodontal destruction has not been fully elucidated, emerging reports point towards the potential tolerization of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and gingival tissues with a significant reduction of TLR levels.There is a potential link between ET and periodontal diseases. Future studies should explore the crucial role of ET in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases as evidence of a tolerized oral mucosa may represent an intrinsic mechanism capable of regulating the oral immune response. A clear understanding of this host immune regulatory mechanism might lead to effective and more predictable therapeutic strategies to treat chronic inflammatory diseases and periodontitis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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