| 1. |
- Arnell, Susann, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of stakeholder collaboration when promoting participation in physical activity among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder
- 2022
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 44:9, s. 1728-1736
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Various stakeholders contribute to the development of healthy physical activity habits in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parents and stakeholders seek collaborative actions but little is still known about such efforts. The purpose of this study was thus to explore how professionals from different services experience stakeholder collaboration when promoting participation in physical activity for these adolescents.METHOD: Five focus group discussions were held with 17 professionals from education, health care, community, and sports organizations, engaged in the promotion of physical activity in adolescents with ASD. The data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.RESULTS: . The professionals though experienced that this collaboration was hampered by the low priority given to physical activity issues within different organizations, by limited resources, lack of knowledge, and unclear roles.CONCLUSIONS: Notwithstanding the professionals' different roles, all agreed that physical activity issues need to be prioritized and that each stakeholder needs to acknowledge the shared responsibility of collaboration. However, more clear routines for collaboration that include joined efforts but also highlight the organization-specific responsibilities might enhance the collaborative efforts.In-depth understanding of both the adolescents' needs and the environments in which physical activity is promoted is required if participation in physical activity among adolescents with ASD is to be enhanced.Families and professionals within different organizations need to be supported to collaborate when mapping and meeting the adolescents' physical activity needs.Issues regarding developing physical activity habits need to be prioritized.Professionals, such as education, health, and community professionals who are important for the promotion of healthy physical activity habits need to be included in multi-stakeholder meetings.
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| 2. |
- Beckman, Linda, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on alcohol use of a Swedish school-based prevention program for early adolescents: a longitudinal study
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - London, United Kingdom : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of the study was to address the lack of evaluations of school-based substance use prevention programs and to conduct a quasi-experimental evaluation of the alcohol use part of the Triad intervention. Methods: Eleven Swedish intervention schools (285 pupils) and three control schools (159 pupils) participated in the evaluation. Baseline measurements were conducted in 2011 before the alcohol part in the prevention program was implemented in the intervention schools (school year 6, ages 12-13). We estimated an Intention-To-Treat (ITT) Difference-in-Difference (DD) model to analyze the effectiveness of the intervention on subsequent alcohol use measured in grades 7, 8 and 9. Results: The main results show no effect on the likelihood of drinking alcohol or drinking to intoxication. Conclusions: The lack of positive effects highlights the need for policy-makers and public health officials need to carefully consider and evaluate prevention programs in order to ensure that they are worthwhile from school, health, and societal perspectives.
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| 3. |
- Bortes, Cristian, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinal effect study of contract signing for preventing alcohol use among Swedish school children
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - Oxford, England : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 25:Suppl. 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Around 40% of the primary schools in Sweden have programs to prevent tobacco and alcohol use. One popular program is carried out by the Non-Governmental Organization SMART. The aim is to prevent or postpone alcohol, tobacco and other drug use among children through positive reinforcement and signing of contracts. The contract in this longitudinal study also contains items on good conduct behavior. Are there differences in youth problem behaviors between those who signed the contract all years versus those who signed the contract shorter time? What factors characterize those who signed the contract all the years compared to the others? Methods: Students in five schools in a middle-sized municipality in Sweden answered class-room questionnaires in three waves: 7th (n=432), 8th (n=458), and 9th (n=422) grade. Response rates were 88%. Students are divided into three groups, based on response at T3 on many years of contract signing: long-attendees, short-attendees, sporadic- or non-attendees. A repeated measure ANOVA was conducted to analyze changes over time. Binge drinking was the outcome measure in this analysis. Identifying predictors for duration of the contract signing will be analyzed with multiple logistic regressions. Results: Short-attendees, 40%, signed contract only two to four consecutive years starting in 4th grade. Long-attendees, 22.5%, signed contract five to six years. Sporadic- or non-attendees, 20.5%, signed contract only in some non-consecutive, or none of the years. 17.2% missing-response. Long-attendees have significant lower levels of binge drinking in 9th grade (M=1.72) compared to short-attendees (M=2.43) and sporadic- or non-attendees (M=2.41). F(2,408) = 9.52, p=<.001. Conclusion: Schools are an important setting for alcohol and tobacco prevention. Promising results were found regarding binge drinking for students that were long-attendees in the program. Further analysis of different outcomes and predictors, mediators and moderators is on-going. Key messages:Schools are an important setting for alcohol and tobacco prevention.There is a need for longitudinal evaluations of preventive programs in national contexts.
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| 4. |
- Bortes, Cristian, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the effectiveness of the SMART contract-signing strategy in reducing the growth of Swedish Adolescents’ substance use and problem behaviors
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - London, United Kingdom : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In 2013, around 40 % of the schools in Sweden had structured programs to prevent tobacco and alcohol debut in compulsory school. There has unfortunately been a lack of scientific evidence to support most of the prevention methods focusing on primary prevention in schools in Sweden. The aim and purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Non-Governmental Organization SMART contract-signing strategy in reducing the growth of youth substance use and other problem behaviors amongst Swedish adolescents.Methods: Students from five schools in a medium-sized Swedish municipality were surveyed in three waves from 7th to 9th grade of compulsory school. We used General Linear Model (GLM) repeated-measures ANOVA to test if the outcome measures smoking, use of snus and alcohol, drunkenness, delinquency, and bullying significantly changed different amounts over time in groups that had participated in the SMART program for long time, a short time, sporadically- or not at all. Groups were compared on demographic background variables, and outcome measures were assessed on all measurement occasions by a one-way ANOVA. The magnitude of group differences at the end of the study was estimated according to Cohen’s d.Results: Number of years with a contract has an effect on the levels of self-reported youth problems in 9th grade. We found small to medium-sized differences in measured outcomes between students who participated in the program for the longest period of time, 5 years, and who participated for the shortest time, 0–2 years.Conclusion: Findings suggests that the SMART program has preventive effects on adolescent substance use.
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| 5. |
- Bortes, Cristian, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Preventing Alcohol Consumption During Pregnancy : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2015
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Ingår i: Health. - United States : Scientific Research Publishing. - 1949-4998 .- 1949-5005. ; 7:3, s. 289-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim with this study is to report a brief alcohol intervention for preventing drinking during pregnancy. The Women’s Organizations Committee on Alcohol and Drug Issues (WOCAD) in Sweden developed a printed information material about alcohol in pregnancy, aiming to reach pregnant women before their first visit at a prenatal clinic. A randomized controlled trial was conducted between 2004 and 2005 to measure if the material had an effect. A total of 564 pregnant women are included in the study, between 17 and 46 years of age. Differences between intervention and control group were analyzed with cross-tabulations and chi-squared-tests. A logistic regression analysis was also conducted to determine predictors of abstention from alcohol at the first prenatal visit. Findings show that significantly more women who received the material did abstain completely from alcohol then those who did not receive the material (92% vs. 82%, p=.005). It is 2.6 times more likely that those who received the material did abstain completely from alcohol since pregnancy recognition at their first prenatal visit compared with those who did not receive it (OR=2,6, CI 1,3-5,1, p=. 005). The information brochure developed by WOCAD can be used in antenatal care to get more women to abstain from alcohol during pregnancy.
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| 6. |
- Ericson, Helena, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Organized sport and physical activity for older adults - salutogenic settings-based recommendations
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 33:Suppl. 1, s. I83-I83
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sport and physical activity is important to address healthy aging. There are recommendations on how much physical activity people should do, but no recommendations for how organizations should organize activities to suit as many as possible.The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of sport and physical activity initiatives that older adults participate in. Different ongoing sport and physical activity initiatives that involve older adults were investigated regarding their focus, organization, intensity and organizer, and in relation to their costs, booking opportunities and recruitment. The study was conducted with a cross-sectional design using the Salutogenic Physical Activity Health Resources Questionnaire (SPAHRQ). The study included 27 different initiatives with 372 participants (60% women) ranging from 60 to 96 years of age. A health-promoting, salutogenic, settings-based approach, and specifically the concepts drop-in, drop-through and drop-over (Geidne and Quennerstedt, 2021) were used in discussing recommendations for the organization of sport and physical activity for older adults.The main findings were that who (sports clubs or senior associations) organizes the sport and physical activity initiative seems to affect the characteristics of how (for example intensity and characteristics of the activities) it is organized and what characterizes the participants in it. Despite the differing characters of sport and physical activity initiatives, the majority of older adults are recruited by internal contacts like friends and family. The lowest costs are found in senior associations, leisure-focused initiatives, individual initiatives, and low-intensity activities.In senior associations, most activities were booked per semester 60%. In sport clubs the most common bookingsystem was per occasion, 40%.In team sports (almost always in sport clubs), the most common way of booking was per semester (46%). Which older adults participate in which initiatives is explained mostly by the age and gender of the participants.In conclusion, to attract as many older adults as possible, organizations should work with lowering the thresholds into, as well as within and between, organizations, and raise the threshold for dropping out of sports and physical activity.
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| 7. |
- Ericson, Helena, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity as a health resource : a cross-sectional survey applying a salutogenic approach to what older adults consider meaningful in organised physical activity initiatives
- 2021
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Ingår i: Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2164-2850. ; 9:1, s. 858-874
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Examine health resources that physically active older adults consider meaningful when participating in physical activity initiatives. Health resources are protective factors, including attitudes, knowledge, material factors or social support, that potentially enable people to understand and make sense of their lives or to cope with life stressors.Design and main outcome measures: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with two questionnaires used to serve as a compiled ‘ageing well’ survey: the Salutogenic Physical Activity Health Resources Questionnaire (SPAHRQ) and the short form of the Sense of Coherence questionnaire, SOC-13.Results: The study included 372 participants ranging from 60 to 96 years of age (mean age: 74.4 ± 7 years; 60% women). Social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants. Social relations were the most meaningful health resource for both men and women (89%). Women rated positive energy as a significantly more important consequence of their participation in physical activity than men (W 88%, M 72%; p = .001). The three health resources that were considered less important were capability in and about physical activity, self-worth and identity as an exercising person. Those who were more physically active considered social relations, self-worth and the habit of exercising to a higher extent. Participants with higher sense of coherence consider the habit of exercising to a greater extent to be important.Conclusions: Findings that social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants, can contribute to a wider understanding of health resources that older adults consider meaningful in their participation in organised physical activity initiatives.
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| 8. |
- Ericson, Helena, 1980-
(författare)
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The art of ageing well : a salutogenic perspective on physical activity for older adults
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines older adults’ participation in physical activity, and is framed within a salutogenic theory regarding ageing well, or as others say, healthy ageing. Ageing well can be studied in numerous ways. Since this thesis is within the field of Sport Sciences, different physical activity initiatives for older adults are in focus. Population ageing is a global trend andrepresents a major societal challenge. Societies that adapt to this changing demographic situation and invest in healthy ageing or in how people can age well may enable people to live longer and healthier lives and reduce the burden of disease and disabilities. Therefore, strategies that offer environments that contribute to keeping people active are something that societies should prioritize. Current knowledge on issues relating to an ageing population are often based on an understanding of what causes illness, rather than what promotes health. Against this backdrop, it is essential to investigate those who are regularly physically active. The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute knowledge about older adults’ participation in sport and physical activity initiatives. The thesis will further contribute knowledge about who participates in the initiatives and what characterizes the different initiatives they participate in. This will be explored using salutogenic theory in relation to ageing well. Main findings are that older adult women and men are partly drawn to different physical activities and social relations were the most meaningful health resource. In conclusion, engaging in physical activity increases the odds of maintaining well-being in later life and of ageing well. Thus, offering and increasing physical activity is one way of meeting the challenge of an ageing population in society. From a salutogenic perspective, physical activity carried out to provides a meaningful, comprehensible and manageable way for older adults to engage in the ongoing process of maintaining health.
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| 9. |
- Ericson, Helena, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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The art of ageing well-a salutogenic study of physically active old adults
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 32:Suppl. 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: People aged 60 years and over has doubled since 1980 and WHO predicts that this population will reach 2 billion by the year 2050. However, increases in life spans do not directly lead to increases in health. An aging population poses both challenges and opportunities for society and for individuals. In order to address this, scholars argue for the benefits of being physically active, especially in a group of peers. However, the relation between physical activity and health is often based on an understanding of what causes or prevents illness rather than what promotes health. The purpose of this study is thus to contribute to knowledge about which health resources older adults develop in their participation in organised physical activity initiatives. The study will consider to what extent older adults develop health resources, differences in demographic background and the relation between the health resources and Sense of coherence (SOC).Methods: This is the first data collection in a longitudinal study. Participants were old adult men and women, 60 years and above. All participants were active in ongoing organised physical activity initiatives in different organisations on a voluntary basis. A survey included demographics, overall health, health resources (McCuaig & Quennerstedt, 2018) and SOC-13. The data collection is ongoing (preliminary n = 200) and ends spring 2020. Statistical analyses were descriptive and included bivariate analyses.Results: Preliminary results show that the most frequent health resources are social relations, positive energy and embodied identity for both men and women. A positive related correlation of the health resource habit of exercising were observed with a high sense of coherence.Conclusion: The Salutogenic idea of having access to various health resources linked to a high sense of coherence is in line with the result of a positively related correlation direction and also with the health resource habit of exercising. The results of the study can contribute to knowledge about which health resources older adults develop in their participation in organised physical activity initiatives.
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