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- Glad, Camilla A M, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Reverse Feeding Suppresses the Activity of the GH Axis in Rats and Induces a Preobesogenic State
- 2011
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Ingår i: Endocrinology. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7170. ; 152:3, s. 869-882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reversed feeding (RF) is known to disrupt hormone rhythmicity and metabolism. Although these effects may be mediated in part by phase inversion of glucocorticoid secretion, the precise mechanism is incompletely characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that acute nocturnal food deprivation in male rats suppressed the amplitude of spontaneous GH secretion during the dark phase by 62% (P < 0.001), without affecting baseline secretion. Prolonged RF, which reduced pituitary weight (by 22%; P < 0.05), also suppressed GH pulse height sufficiently to reduce skeletal growth (by 4-5%; P < 0.01) and terminal liver weight (by 11%; P < 0.001). Despite this suppression of the GH axis, proportionate adiposity was not elevated, probably due to the accompanying 16% reduction in cumulative food intake (P < 0.01). We demonstrate that RF also resulted in phase inversion of core clock gene expression in liver, abdominal white adipose tissue (WAT) and skeletal muscle, without affecting their expression patterns in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. In addition, RF resulted in phase inversion of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 2 mRNA expression, a 3- to 5-fold elevation in fatty acid synthase mRNA in WAT in both light-and dark-phase samples (P < 0.01) and an elevation in muscle uncoupling protein 3 mRNA expression at the beginning of the light phase (P < 0.01). Consumption of a high-fat diet increased inguinal (by 36%; P < 0.05) and retroperitoneal WAT weight (by 72%; P < 0.01) only in RF-maintained rats, doubling the efficiency of lipid accumulation (P < 0.05). Thus, RF not only desynchronizes central and peripheral circadian clocks, and suppresses nocturnal GH secretion, but induces a preobesogenic state. (Endocrinology 152: 869-882, 2011)
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- Gevers, Michel, et al.
(författare)
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Asymptotic Variance Expressions for Closed-Loop Identification and their Relevance in Identification for Control
- 1999
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Asymptotic variance expressions are analysed for models that are identified on the basis of closed-loop data. The considered methods comprise the classical "direct" and "indirect" method, as well as the more recently developed indirect methods, employing coprime factorized models and model parametrizations based on the dual Youla/Kucera parametrization. The variance expressions are compared with the open-loop situation, and evaluated in terms of their relevance for subsequent model-based control design. Additionally it is specified what is the optimal experimental situation in identification (open-loop or closed-loop), in view of the variance of the resulting model-based controller.
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- Kostic, Aleksandar D., et al.
(författare)
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The dynamics of the human infant gut microbiome in development and in progression toward type 1 diabetes
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cell Host and Microbe. - : Cell Press. - 1931-3128 .- 1934-6069. ; 17:2, s. 260-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colonization of the fetal and infant gut microbiome results in dynamic changes in diversity, which can impact disease susceptibility. To examine the relationship between human gut microbiome dynamics throughout infancy and type 1 diabetes (T1D), we examined a cohort of 33 infants genetically predisposed to T1D. Modeling trajectories of microbial abundances through infancy revealed a subset of microbial relationships shared across most subjects. Although strain composition of a given species was highly variable between individuals, it was stable within individuals throughout infancy. Metabolic composition and metabolic pathway abundance remained constant across time. A marked drop in alpha-diversity was observed in T1D progressors in the time window between seroconversion and T1D diagnosis, accompanied by spikes in inflammation-favoring organisms, gene functions, and serum and stool metabolites. This work identifies trends in the development of the human infant gut microbiome along with specific alterations that precede T1D onset and distinguish T1D progressors from nonprogressors.
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- Ljung, Lennart, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Asymptotic Variance Expressions for Closed-Loop Identification and their Relevance in Identification for Control
- 1997
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 11th IFAC Symposium on Identification and System Parameter Estimation. ; , s. 1449-1455
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Asymptotic variance expressions are analysed for models that are identified on the basis of closed-loop data. The considered methods comprise the classical "direct" and "indirect" method, as well as the more recently developed indirect methods, employing coprime factorized models and model parametrizations based on the dual Youla/Kucera parametrization. The variance expressions are compared with the open-loop situation, and evaluated in terms of their relevance for subsequent model-based control design. Additionally it is specified what is the optimal experimental situation in identification (open-loop or closed-loop), in view of the variance of the resulting model-based controller.
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