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- Ali Kalefa El-ghali, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Diagenetic alterations related to marine transgression and regression in fluvial deltaic and shallow marine sandstones of the Triassic Buntsandstein and Keuper formations, the Paris Basin, France
- 2009
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Ingår i: Marine and Petroleum Geology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8172 .- 1873-4073. ; 26:3, s. 289-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of diagenetic alterations in Triassic fluvio-deltaic, quartzarenitic to sublitharenitic, lowstand systems tract (LST) sandstones of the Grès á Voltzia Formation, anastomosing fluvial, quartzarenitic transgressive systems tract (TST) sandstones of the Grès á Roseaux Formation, and shallow marine, quartzarenitic to sublitharenitic, TST sandstones of the Grès Coquiller Formation, the Paris Basin (France), can be linked to transgression and regression events, and thus to the sequence stratigraphic context. Near-surface eogenetic alterations, which display a fairly systematic link to the depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic framework, include: (i) cementation by meteoric water calcite (δ18O=−8.9‰ and δ13C=−9.1‰) in the fluvio-deltaic, LST sandstones, (ii) cementation by mixed marine–meteoric calcite (δ18O=−5.3‰ to −2.6‰ and δ13C=−3.9‰ to −1.3‰) and dolomite (δ18O=−4.6‰ to −2.6‰ and δ13C=−2.9‰ to −2.3‰) in the foreshore, TST sandstones and below parasequence boundaries (PB), and transgressive surface (TS), and in the shoreface, TST sandstones below maximum flooding surfaces (MFS), being facilitated by the presence of carbonate bioclasts, (iii) dissolution of detrital silicates and precipitation of K-feldspar overgrowths and kaolinite, particularly in the fluvio-deltaic, LST sandstones owing to effective meteoric water circulation, and (vi) formation of autochthonous glauconite, which is increases in abundance towards the top of the fluvio-deltaic, LST sandstones, and along TS, and in the shoreface, TST sandstones, by alteration of micas owing to the flux of seawaters into the sandstones during transgression, whereas parautochthonous glauconite is restricted to the TS sandstones owing to marine reworking. Mesogenetic alterations, which include cementation by quartz overgrowths and illite, display fairly systematic link to fluvio-deltaic, LST sandstones. This study has revealed that linking of diagenesis to transgression and regression events enables a better understanding of the parameters that control the spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations in sandstones and of their impact on reservoir quality evolution.
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- El-Ghali, M. A. K., et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of carbonate cements within depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic framework of shoreface and deltaic arenites, Lower Miocene, the Gulf of Suez rift, Egypt
- 2013
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Ingår i: Marine and Petroleum Geology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8172 .- 1873-4073. ; 45, s. 267-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to unravel the spatial and temporal distribution of diagenetic alterations of the Mheiherrat Member, the Rudeis Formation (lower Miocene) of the Gulf of Suez rift, Egypt within depositional fades and sequence stratigraphy. The Mheiherrat member is represented by shoreface calcarenites and hybrid arenites (transgressive and highstand systems tracts; TST and HST; respectively) and deltaic rudites and coarse-grained calcarenites and hybrid arenites (lowstand systems tracts; LST). Petrographic, stable O- and C-isotopes, mineral chemical and geochemical analyses have revealed that the arenites are pervasively cemented by eogenetic carbonates and, to small extent, by zeolite and pyrite as well as by telogenetic palygorskite. The shoreface TST and HST calcarenites and hybrid arenites were dominantly cemented by microcrystalline grain-rimming and inter- and intragranular pore-filling calcite (delta O-13(V-PDB) = -3.6 parts per thousand to -0.3 parts per thousand and delta C-13(V-PDB) = -2.3 parts per thousand to -0.7 parts per thousand) and rhombic dolomite (delta C-13(V-PDB) = -3.9 parts per thousand to +0.9 parts per thousand and delta C-13(V-PDB) = -2.5 parts per thousand to -0.7 parts per thousand). These cements are interpreted to be formed by marine to brackish waters with delta O-13(V-SMOW) -1.2 parts per thousand to +3.2 parts per thousand, at temperature of 20-55 degrees C. The deltaic LST coarse-grained calcarenites and hybrid arenites were dominantly cemented by coarse-crystalline, inter- and intragranular pore-filling calcite (delta O-13(V-PDB) -4.4 parts per thousand to -2.3% and delta C-13(V-PDB) = -2.8 parts per thousand. to -1.3 parts per thousand.), which are interpreted to have precipitated from pore waters with delta O-13(V-SWOM) +3.5 parts per thousand. to +5.5 parts per thousand, at temperatures of greater than 55 degrees C. Such pervasive cementation by carbonates is attributed to the occurrence of abundant intrabasinal carbonate grains. The carbonate cement texture is suggested to be controlled by changes in pore-water chemistry owing to transgression and regression events. This case study revealed that better understanding of factors controlling the extent and textural habits of carbonate cements can be achieved when it is linked with depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy.
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- El-ghali, Mohamed, et al.
(författare)
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Origin and timing of siderite cementation in Upper Ordovician glaciogenic sandstones from the Murzuq basin, SW Libya
- 2006
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Ingår i: Marine and Petroleum Geology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8172 .- 1873-4073. ; 23:4, s. 459-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The origin and timing of siderite cementation have been constrained in relation to depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy of Upper Ordovician glaciogenic sandstones from the Murzuq basin, SW Libya. Optical microscope, backscattered electron imagery, and carbon and oxygen stable isotope analysis have revealed that siderite is of eo- and mesogenetic origin. Eogenetic siderite is Mg-poor with a mean composition Of (Fe91.7Mg1.5Ca0.3Mn6.5)CO3, and occurs in paraglacial, tide-dominated deltaic highstand systems tract (HST) sandstones, in paraglacial, foreshore to shoreface HST sandstones and in postglacial, Gilbert-type deltaic lowstand systems tract (LST) sandstones. This siderite is typically of meteoric water origin that influxed into the LST and HST sandstones during relative sea level fall and basinward shift of the strandline.Mesogenetic siderite, which engulfs and thus postdates quartz overgrowths and illite, is Mg-rich with a mean composition of (Fe72.2Mg21.7Ca0.8Mn5.3)CO3 and occurs in the paraglacial, tide-dominated deltaic HST sandstones, in paraglacial foreshore to shoreface HST sandstones, in glacial, tide-dominated estuarine transgressive systems tract (TST) sandstones, in postglacial, Gilbert-type deltaic LST sandstones, and in postglacial, shoreface TST sandstones. delta O-18(V-PDB) values of this siderite, which range between -22.6 and -13.8 parts per thousand, suggest that precipitation has occurred from evolved formation waters with delta O-18 values between -14.0 and +1.0 parts per thousand and was either meteoric, mixed marine-meteoric and/or marine in origin by assuming postdating quartz overgrowths and illite temperature between 80 and 130 degrees C.
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- El-Khatri, F., et al.
(författare)
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Diagenetic Alterations and Reservoir Quality Evolution of Lower Cretaceous Fluvial Sandstones : Nubian Formation, Sirt Basin, North-Central Libya
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Petroleum Geology. - : Wiley. - 0141-6421 .- 1747-5457. ; 38:2, s. 217-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lower Cretaceous meandering and braided fluvial sandstones of the Nubian Formation form some of the most important subsurface reservoir rocks in the Sirt Basin, north-central Libya. Mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical analyses of sandstone samples from well BB6-59, Sarir oilfield, indicate that the meandering fluvial sandstones are fine- to very fine-grained subarkosic arenites (av. Q(91)F(5)L(4)), and that braided fluvial sandstones are medium- to very coarse-grained quartz arenites (av. Q(96)F(3)L(1)). The reservoir qualities of these sandstones were modified during both eodiagenesis (ca. <70 degrees C; <2 km) and mesodiagenesis (ca. >70 degrees C; >2 km). Reservoir quality evolution was controlled primarily by the dissolution and kaolinitization of feldspars, micas and mud intraclasts during eodiagenesis, and by the amount and thickness of grain-coating clays, chemical compaction and quartz overgrowths during mesodiagenesis. However, dissolution and kaolinitization of feldspars, micas and mud intraclasts resulted in the creation of intercrystalline micro- and mouldic macro-porosity and permeability during eodiagenesis, which were more widespread in braided fluvial than in meandering fluvial sandstones. This was because of the greater depositional porosity and permeability in the braided fluvial sandstones which enhanced percolation of meteoric waters. The development of only limited quartz overgrowths in the braided fluvial sandstones, in which quartz grains are coated by thick illite layers, retained high porosity and permeability (12-23% and 30-600 mD). By contrast, meandering fluvial sandstones underwent porosity loss as a result of quartz overgrowth development on quartz grains which lack or have thin and incomplete grain-coating illite (2-15% and 0-0.1 mD). Further loss of porosity in the meandering fluvial sandstones occurred as a result of chemical compaction (pressure dissolution) induced by the occurrence of micas along grains contacts. Other diagenetic alterations, such as the growth of pyrite, siderite, dolomite/ankerite and albitization, had little impact on reservoir quality. The albitization of feldspars may have had minor positive influence on reservoir quality through the creation of intercrystalline micro-porosity between albite crystals. The results of this study show that diagenetic modifications of the braided and meandering fluvial sandstones in the Nubian Formation, and resulting changes in reservoir quality, are closely linked to depositional porosity and permeability. They are also linked to the thickness of grain-coating infiltrated clays, and to variations in detrital composition, particularly the amounts of mud intraclasts, feldspars and mica grains as well as climatic conditions.
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- Keblawi, A., et al.
(författare)
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Chilled ceiling displacement ventilation design charts correlations to employ in optimized system operation for feasible load ranges
- 2009
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6178 .- 0378-7788. ; 41:11, s. 1155-1164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper expands Ghaddar et al. [N. Ghaddar, K. Ghali, R. Saadeh, A. Keblawi, Design charts for combined chilled ceiling displacement ventilation system (1438-RP), ASHRAE Transactions, 143 (2) (2008) 574-587] design charts of combined chilled ceiling (CC) displacement ventilation (DV) system to operating sensible load ranges from 40 W/m(2) to 100 W/m(2). It develops a global correlation of system load and operational parameters, with comfort measured by vertical temperature gradient and indoor air quality measured by the stratification height. The correlations are used for a known transient load profile in generating optimal settings of the CC/DV system operational parameters and associated energy consumption. An example is illustrated to show how the correlation could be used to size the system and to provide optimized control of the CC/DV system operation at low computational cost. Results of the current model are compared to the published case study of an optimized operation based on transient simulations of the space thermal model to achieve minimum operation cost [M. Mossolly, N. Ghaddar, K. Ghali, L Jensen, Optimized operation of combined chilled ceiling displacement ventilation system using genetic algorithm, ASHRAE Transactions, 143 (2) (2008) 541-554]. The design correlations resulted in good agreement with published data (within 3% error in energy consumption and average 6% error in predictions of comfort and stratification height) at 1/4 of the computational time. The presented methodology provides an alternative for using the correlation for supervisory online controllers for the CC/DV system based on physically derived correlations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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