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- Merlone, A., et al.
(författare)
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The MeteoMet project - metrology for meteorology: challenges and results
- 2015
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Ingår i: Meteorological Applications. - : Wiley. - 1350-4827 .- 1469-8080. ; 22, s. 820-829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study describes significant outcomes of the Metrology for Meteorology' project, MeteoMet, which is an attempt to bridge the meteorological and metrological communities. The concept of traceability, an idea used in both fields but with a subtle difference in meaning, is at the heart of the project. For meteorology, a traceable measurement is the one that can be traced back to a particular instrument, time and location. From a metrological perspective, traceability further implies that the measurement can be traced back to a primary realization of the quantity being measured in terms of the base units of the International System of Units, the SI. These two perspectives reflect long-standing differences in culture and practice and this project - and this study - represents only the first step towards better communication between the two communities. The 3 year MeteoMet project was funded by the European Metrology Research Program (EMRP) and involved 18 European National Metrological Institutes, 3 universities and 35 collaborating stakeholders including national meteorology organizations, research institutes, universities, associations and instrument companies. The project brought a metrological perspective to several long-standing measurement problems in meteorology and climatology, varying from conventional ground-based measurements to those made in the upper atmosphere. It included development and testing of novel instrumentation as well as improved calibration procedures and facilities, instrument intercomparison under realistic conditions and best practice dissemination. Additionally, the validation of historical temperature data series with respect to measurement uncertainties and a methodology for recalculation of the values were included.
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- Senage, T., et al.
(författare)
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The role of antibody responses against glycans in bioprosthetic heart valve calcification and deterioration
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 28, s. 283-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) are commonly used to replace severely diseased heart valves but their susceptibility to structural valve degeneration (SVD) limits their use in young patients. We hypothesized that antibodies against immunogenic glycans present on BHVs, particularly antibodies against the xenoantigens galactose-alpha 1,3-galactose (alpha Gal) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), could mediate their deterioration through calcification. We established a large longitudinal prospective international cohort of patients (n = 1668, 34 +/- 43 months of follow-up (0.1-182); 4,998 blood samples) to investigate the hemodynamics and immune responses associated with BHVs up to 15 years after aortic valve replacement. Early signs of SVD appeared in <5% of BHV recipients within 2 years. The levels of both anti-alpha Gal and anti-Neu5Gc IgGs significantly increased one month after BHV implantation. The levels of these IgGs declined thereafter but anti-alpha Gal IgG levels declined significantly faster in control patients compared to BHV recipients. Neu5Gc, anti-Neu5Gc IgG and complement deposition were found in calcified BHVs at much higher levels than in calcified native aortic valves. Moreover, in mice, anti-Neu5Gc antibodies were unable to promote calcium deposition on subcutaneously implanted BHV tissue engineered to lack alpha Gal and Neu5Gc antigens. These results indicate that BHVs manufactured using donor tissues deficient in alpha Gal and Neu5Gc could be less prone to immune-mediated deterioration and have improved durability. In a large cohort of patients who underwent aortic valve replacement, antibody responses to glycans present in bioprosthetic heart valves, notably galactose-alpha 1,3-galactose and N-glycolylneuraminic acid, were implicated in valve calcification and deterioration.
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- Martínez, B., et al.
(författare)
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Retrieval of daily gross primary production over Europe and Africa from an ensemble of SEVIRI/MSG products
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8432. ; 65, s. 124-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main goal of this paper is to derive a method for a daily gross primary production (GPP) product over Europe and Africa taking the full advantage of the SEVIRI/MSG satellite products from the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) sensors delivered from the Satellite Application Facility for Land Surface Analysis (LSA SAF) system. Special attention is paid to model the daily GPP response from an optimized Montheith's light use efficiency model under dry conditions by controlling water shortage limitations from the actual evapotranspiration and the potential evapotranspiration (PET). The PET was parameterized using the mean daily air temperature at 2 m (Ta) from ERA-Interim data. The GPP product (MSG GPP) was produced for 2012 and assessed by direct site-level comparison with GPP from eddy covariance data (EC GPP). MSG GPP presents relative bias errors lower than 40% for the most forest vegetation types with a high agreement (r > 0.7) when compared with EC GPP. For drylands, MSG GPP reproduces the seasonal variations related to water limitation in a good agreement with site level GPP estimates (RMSE = 2.11 g m−2 day−1; MBE = −0.63 g m−2 day−1), especially for the dry season. A consistency analysis against other GPP satellite products (MOD17A2 and FLUXCOM) reveals a high consistency among products (RMSD < 1.5 g m−2 day−1) over Europe, North and South Africa. The major GPP disagreement arises over moist biomes in central Africa (RMSD > 3.0 g m−2 day−1) and over dry biomes with MSG GPP estimates lower than FLUXCOM (MBD up to −3.0 g m−2 day−1). This newly derived product has the potential for analysing spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of GPP at the MSG spatial resolutions on a daily basis allowing to better capture the GPP dynamics and magnitude.
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- Revesz, A., et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Multiple-Exposure Textual Enhancement on Child L2 Learners' Development in Derivational Morphology: A Multi-Site Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tesol Quarterly. - : Wiley. - 0039-8322 .- 1545-7249. ; 55:3, s. 901-930
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Much research exists on the role of textual enhancement in instructed second language (L2) development, yet little is known about how its effectiveness is influenced by multiple exposures, whether it can facilitate the acquisition of L2 derivational morphology, and how it may affect child language learning. To fill these gaps, this study employed a six-week multiple-exposure design to investigate the extent which to textual enhancement can benefit children's knowledge of L2 derivational morphemes. The study employed a pretest-posttest design, with six treatment sessions. Participants were 91 L2 learners of English in two primary school EFL contexts (Romania, Sweden). In each context, participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the +highlight group received textually enhanced texts, whereas the -highlight group read unenhanced texts during the treatment. The children read the texts through a digital reader application during their English lessons. The target constructions were the -ion and -ment morphemes. The pretest and posttest included a non-word derivational suffix choice and a nonword derivational suffix decomposition task. Results of linear mixed effects models found a small advantage of textual enhancement for the acquisition of the -ion morpheme by Swedish learners on the suffix choice task, but Romanian learners showed no benefits from highlighting.
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- Saurí, J, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation and validation of the spanish version of the Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire (SCL CSQ-S).
- 2014
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Ingår i: Spinal Cord. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1362-4393 .- 1476-5624. ; 52:11, s. 842-849
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONCLUSION: The results of the study show some evidence for the robustness of the structure of SCL CSQ-S and show that the Spanish version of the questionnaire largely replicate previous results. Coping strategies, especially Acceptance, are related to adaptation to injury.STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional validation study.OBJECTIVES: To adapt the Spinal Cord Lesion-related Coping Strategies Questionnaire into the Spanish language (SCL CSQ-S) and to examine the relationship between coping strategies, global quality of life and psychological adaptation.SETTING: Data were collected through individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) now living in the community who completed their routine follow-up assessment at the Institute Guttmann in Barcelona, Spain.METHODS: Forward and backward translation into Spanish of the English version of the questionnaire. Questionnaires of global Quality of Life, Community Integration, Coping, Depression, Anxiety and Functional Independence were administered to 349 adults with paraplegia and 162 adults with tetraplegia. Statistical analysis included confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis.RESULTS: The factorial structure of the questionnaire was partly verified. The original correlated, three-factor model sufficiently fit the data obtained in this study: χ(2)(48)=109.46; P<0.001; Comparative Fit Index=0.96; Tucker-Lewis Index=0.96; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation=0.050 (0.038-0.062); Akaike information criterion=13.46. Items were found to be good indicators of their respective latent factors, showing adequate factorial charge ranges (between 0.41 and 0.75). The reliability coefficient (Cronbach's α) for the Acceptance subscale was 0.74, for Social reliance 0.76 and for Fighting spirit 0.69. Coping strategies as measured by SCL-CSQ-S contributed to the prediction of outcomes related to adaptation to disability.
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| 9. |
- Martínez, Beatriz, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the LSA-SAF Gross Primary Production product derived from SEVIRI/MSG data (MGPP)
- 2020
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Ingår i: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. - : Elsevier BV. - 0924-2716. ; 159, s. 220-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study is to describe a completely new 10-day gross primary production (GPP) product(MGPP LSA-411) based on data from the geostationary SEVIRI/MSG satellite within the LSA SAF (Land SurfaceAnalysis SAF) as part of the SAF (Satellite Application Facility) network of EUMETSAT.The methodology relies on the Monteith approach. It considers that GPP is proportional to the absorbedphotosynthetically active radiation APAR and the proportionality factor is known as the light use efficiency ε. Aparameterization of this factor is proposed as the product of a εmax, corresponding to the canopy functioningunder optimal conditions, and a coefficient quantifying the reduction of photosynthesis as a consequence ofwater stress. A three years data record (2015–2017) was used in an assessment against site-level eddy covariance(EC) tower GPP estimates and against other Earth Observation (EO) based GPP products. The site-level comparisonindicated that the MGPP product performed better than the other EO based GPP products with 48% ofthe observations being below the optimal accuracy (absolute error < 1.0 g m−2 day−1) and 75% of these databeing below the user requirement threshold (absolute error < 3.0 g m−2 day−1). The largest discrepanciesbetween the MGPP product and the other GPP products were found for forests whereas small differences wereobserved for the other land cover types. The integration of this GPP product with the ensemble of LSA-SAF MSG
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| 10. |
- Renne, Paul R, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-proxy record of the Chicxulub impact at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary from Gorgonilla Island, Colombia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Geology. - Denver : Geological Society of America. - 0091-7613 .- 1943-2682. ; 46, s. 547-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 40 m stratigraphic section at Gorgonilla Island, Colombia, provides a unique deepmarine, low-latitude, Southern Hemisphere record of events related to the end-Cretaceous Chicxulub impact and the global Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary (KPB). The KPB is marked by a 20-mm-thick, densely packed spherule bed as defined by planktic foraminifera, in contrast to complex relationships found in high-energy, impact-proximal sites in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins. The absence of basal Danian foraminiferal Zone P0 may indicate a possible hiatus of <10 ka immediately above the spherule bed, but is most probably an artifact of deposition below the calcite compensation depth as suggested by the nearly complete absence of calcareous fossils for 20 m below the Zone Pα. A weighted mean 40Ar/39Ar age of 66.051 ± 0.031 Ma for 25 fresh glassy spherules unequivocally establishes both their derivation from Chicxulub, and the association between the impact and the KPB. The spherule bed, and Maastrichtian strata below it, display soft-sediment deformation features consistent with strong seismic motion, suggesting that seismic activity in the immediate aftermath of the Chicxulub impact continued for weeks. We discovered a fern-spike immediately above the spherule bed, representing the first record of this pioneer vegetation from the South American continent, and from a low-latitude (tropical) environment.
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