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- Elnady, T., et al.
(författare)
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Application of the point matching method to model circumferentially segmented non-locally reacting liners
- 2001
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Ingår i: 7th AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference and Exhibit.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acoustic liners are widely used to attenuate sound waves inside the aircraft jet engines. Previous research has proved that segmenting the liner and the positioning of the liner segments affect the attenuation characteristics of the liner. The combined effect of circumferentially segmented and non-locally reacting liners received little attention. The aim of this work is to investigate these effects, and to compare the properties of circumferentially segmented duct liners with those of uniform liners, in order to identify any potential benefits of circumferentially segmented liners. A new technique is proposed here; the point-matching method. Briefly, it is a straightforward numerical method based on a closed form ansatz, which fulfils the governing equations and is matched to the boundary conditions point-wise. A code, previously developed for automobile applications, is used to obtain the wave numbers of the different modes, from which the transmission loss for each mode can be calculated at the desired range of frequencies. An infinite cylindrical duct of diameter 40 cms was chosen to apply different non-locally (bulk) reacting liner configurations on. It was found that the existence of hard surfaces in a lined duct and their arrangement greatly affect the behavior of each mode and the energy distribution among them.
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| 2. |
- Fairbrother, R., et al.
(författare)
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Linear acoustic exhaust system simulation using source data from non linear simulation
- 2005
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Ingår i: SAE technical paper series. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International. - 0148-7191.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both linear (frequency domain) and non-linear (time domain) prediction codes are used for the simulation of duct acoustics in exhaust systems. Each approach has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. One disadvantage of the linear method is that information about the engine as an acoustic source is needed in order to calculate the insertion loss of mufflers or the level of radiated sound. The source model used in the low frequency plane wave range is the linear time invariant 1-port model. This source characterization data is usually obtained from experimental tests where multi-load methods and especially the two-load method are most commonly used. These measurements are time consuming and expensive. However, this data can also be extracted from an existing 1-D non-linear CFD code describing the engine gas exchange process. The pressure and velocity predictions from two acoustic load cases can be used to determine the source strength and impedance at a particular location in the exhaust line. This has been done at a location downstream of the turbocharger in the exhaust system of a heavy diesel truck over a number of speeds and engine loads. This source data is then used in a linear simulation of the exhaust line to predict sound pressure levels at a free field microphone position. The predicted source data and sound output at the microphone position is validated against measured data. The results show that you can obtain reasonably accurate source data and approximate free field sound pressure level predictions using non linear simulation in a linear acoustic model of the exhaust system. This technique can be used to extend the use of linear acoustic simulations to models of the complete exhaust line with the characterized engine as a source and exhaust sound output as a result.
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