| 1. |
- Altuntas Vural, Ceren, et al.
(författare)
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International container shipping through the Covid-19 pandemic - Disruptions from a Swedish perspective
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the onset of the pandemic in spring 2020, the Swedish shipping sector was first affected by border closures preventing passengers to use RoPax shipping and cruise ferries. There were some blank sailings but in general they kept operating to foster intra-European trade by trucks despite the missing revenues from passengers. Shipping in general was affected by port disruptions and complicated crew changes. Eventually, however, it was clear that the most dramatic disruptions on a global scale where experienced in the container segment. General media reported on delayed goods, high freight rates and, however not related to the pandemic, the Ever Given blocking the Suez Canal for a week in March 2021. Currently, there are few reports of supply chains and shipping suffering from disruptions and capacity constraints related to the pandemic. The peak in freight rates was rather replaced by depressed rates and there is a certain risk that some logisticians and supply chain managers regard the pandemic as a once-in-a-lifetime event and just want to get back to a previous behaviour seeing container shipping as a commodity with indefinite capacity at a reasonable price. Nevertheless, the war in Ukraine, the drought in the Panama Canal and the attacks by the Houthi rebels in the Red Sea create other problems for container shipping. Freight rates increase significantly, but from very low levels. The purpose of the report is to describe and analyse how international container shipping was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and other disruptions. The analysis takes a Swedish perspective on disruptions and tries to go beyond the anecdotal reporting and capture what happened and why. Container shipping is put into a context of economy, consumption, world trade, supply chains and logistics. The pandemic and more current events affecting container shipping market are described together with how shipping lines responded. A series of interviews with Swedish actors revealed how they perceived the disruptions and what countermeasures the actors have applied to mitigate the effects, their organisational learning and how they prepare for future disruptions.
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| 2. |
- Altuntas Vural, Ceren, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the Swedish shipping industry and its resilience capabilities - Part 1 – the acute phase March 2020 – May 2021
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This prestudy aims to investigate how the Swedish shipping industry has been affected by the coronavirus pandemic and how it is likely to affect shipping in the mid-term and longterm future. This report covers the effects and actions taken during the acute phase from March 2020 to May 2021 with a certain focus on the Swedish shipping companies’ resilience capabilities. In order to evaluate the role of the Swedish shipping industry in promoting strategies to mitigate coronavirus effects, the study carried out a review of Swedish newspaper articles and briefly reviewed publications in international scientific outlets. The rendering is structured along a framework of resilience capabilities. The main results suggest that different shipping segments were affected differently from the pandemic. The impact on RoRo and RoPax segment has been more severe in comparison to tanker and container segments. The frequently changing rules at international borders created a lot new responsibilities for shipping companies to manage the operations in a complying way. Existing risk mitigation capabilities in standard shipping operations have been mobilized successfully to respond to the pandemic’s acute effects. In addition, collaboration between shipping companies and government’s financial support are the most regular resilience capability factors. Furthermore, this study suggest that the shipping industry has enhanced the use of digitalization and new technologies to mitigate negative effects associated with the coronavirus pandemic situation.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Christodoulou, Anastasia, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting the reduction of shipping emissions to air: A global review and taxonomy of policies, incentives and measures
- 2019
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Ingår i: Maritime Business Review. - 2397-3757. ; 4:1, s. 16-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and classify the various initiatives developed and implemented across the globe for the abatement of maritime air emissions. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, an extensive survey of various sources was conducted, including the official reports of international and regional institutions, government policy documents, port authority websites, classification society pages, private firms’ sites and the academic literature. The initiatives were then categorized in accordance with the classification of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and analyzed using the SPSS Statistics software to give some insight into their frequencies and the interrelationships between them. Findings – This exploratory review resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive global database of initiatives encouraged by the whole range of shipping stakeholders and decision-makers for the reduction of shipping air emissions. According to the findings, economic incentives that provide motivation for the adoption of less environmentally damaging practices are the most commonly used initiative, followed by infrastructure investments and informative policies. Research limitations/implications – The results provide implications for further research that include an in-depth analysis of ports’ policies, as well as an evaluation of initiatives applied on a large scale to map their emissions reduction potential for shipping. Originality/value – The main contribution of this paper is the identification and analysis of all the diverse initiatives implemented globally in a comprehensive way and its dealing with air pollution from shipping as a whole.
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| 6. |
- Fageda, Xavier, et al.
(författare)
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Port Governance Reform in Spain
- 2018
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Ingår i: Port management cases in port geography, operations and policy edited by Stephen Pettit and Anthony Beresford. - London : Kogan Page. - 9780749474324 ; , s. 94-113
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, we examine the successive reforms in the governance of ports in Spain which has lead to a movement from a bureaucratic model to a more market oriented approach. We also provide some data that shows that those port authorities more exposed to competition have reduced prices and increase traffic after the price liberalization took place. However, the existence of a formal scheme of cross-subsidies and the modest advances in the deregulation of stevedoring services suggest that the devolution process is, in Spain, still incomplete.
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| 7. |
- Gonzalez-Aregall, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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A Global Review of the Hinterland Dimension of Green Port Strategies
- 2018
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209. ; 59:March 2018, s. 23-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a growing literature on strategies to reduce emissions and other externalities in shipping and ports, very little attention has been given to the port’s role in reducing negative externalities in its hinterland. This paper addresses this gap by reviewing ports across the globe to identify which ports have implemented measures to improve the environmental performance of hinterland transport. Results show that only 76 out of 365 ports examined are doing so. The measures applied are identified, related to different goals and their challenges discussed. The most common measures are found to be technology improvements, infrastructure development and monitoring programmes, and the most advanced ports in green hinterland strategies are Rotterdam, Los Angeles/Long Beach and Hamburg, although many ports that are world leaders in green port strategies have not implemented measures in the hinterland dimension. Different port groups are segmented according to their mix of goals and measures as a foundation for future research.
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| 8. |
- Gonzalez-Aregall, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Port Initiatives to Promote Freight Modal Shifts in Europe: Evidence from Port Governance Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 13:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyses how port governance systems in Europe have influenced the implementation of port initiatives focused on promoting modal shifts in freight transportation. Through a comprehensive review of port strategies, this research identified 49 individual modal shift initiatives among 21 port authorities in Europe. The results show that ports located in the Northern regions and managed by local governments, particularly in Belgium and the Netherlands, are leaders in executing strategies for modal shifts in freight transportation. Technological solutions and promoting intermodal transportation were found to be the most popular initiatives used to promote hinterland movements of freight by rail and waterborne transportation.
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| 9. |
- Gonzalez-Aregall, Marta
(författare)
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Description of the Gothenburg container port conflict and its logistics consequences
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Port conflict issues can have a significant impact on port performance (Galvao et al., 2016). With that fact in mind, this study aims to outline the basic events of the Port of Gothenburg (Sweden) conflict and the logistical disturbances that have arisen since June 2016. Thus, this report starts with a description of the most important international port conflicts that have occurred during the last decade. Following that, an in-depth examination of the Port of Gothenburg’s conflict is laid out. First, the organization of the Swedish port system is reviewed. Second, the importance of container cargo and intermodal transportation in the Port of Gothenburg is stated. Third, the study traces a chronological investigation of the port dispute, categorizing all agents involved in the dispute as well as the consequences of their actions. Finally, the main conclusions and policy implications are discussed in the last section.
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| 10. |
- Gonzalez-Aregall, Marta, et al.
(författare)
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Green port initiatives for a more sustainable port-city interaction: The case study of Barcelona
- 2020
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Ingår i: Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability. - : Elsevier. - 9780128191347 ; , s. 109-132
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines port-based strategies that improve environmental performance and promote sustainable solutions for combating climate change in the context of large urban areas. Using Barcelona as a case study, this investigation analyzes past and present hinterland initiatives that could successfully facilitate growth and resilience of this port city. The geographically-sensitive location of this European seaport on the Mediterranean Sea results in high volumes of freight traffic and cruise passengers, and it presents an interesting case study for addressing the sustainability challenges associated with freight transport paths and urban areas.
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