| 1. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- de la Rosa, Jose M., et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of black carbon in recent sediments of the Gulf of Cadiz : Applicability of different quantification methodologies
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quaternary International. - : Elsevier BV. - 1040-6182 .- 1873-4553. ; 243:2, s. 264-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula, vegetation fires are rather common, and produce a considerable amount of charred material that, due to erosion, is fluvially transported to the continental margins. The present study constitutes the first comparative assessment of the contribution of this charred material (generally black carbon, BC) to marine sediments of the inner continental shelf of the Gulf of Cadiz (GoC). Given the ambiguity of BC definition and the heterogeneity of quantification techniques, four of the most common and well established methodologies were applied to obtain a representative range of the BC content on four surface sediments: chemical-thermal oxidation (GBC), molecular markers (benzenopolycarboxylic acids, BPCA), thermogravimetry coupled to mass spectrometry (TG-DSC-QMS), and chemical oxidation with sodium chlorite. The BC results obtained for the GoC sediments are compared, and the applicability of each technique on marine sediments is discussed. The mean BC values of the four methods (4.4-14.4% total organic carbon) were within ranges previously reported for marine sediments from diverse origins. However, a large variability was observed within individual samples when comparing the BC results obtained with the four methods (relative standard deviation from 31% to 75%). The BPCA approach produced the highest BC values, whereas the GBC method the lowest. This reflects the analytical variability derived from the different windows composing the BC continuum. The results derived from the TG-DSC-QMS application generated certain uncertainties, despite the correction factor introduced to reduce the BC overestimation previously reported for this method. Considerable differences in the BC content of spatially close samples evidenced the complexity of coastal currents and sediment fluxes in the area, suggesting the existence of other factors affecting the BC distribution. The lack of correlation between the BC and TOC, as well as between the BC and lignin contents in all samples, ruled out the occurrence of charring artifacts. Preferential degradation and/or erosion of BC could explain the BC distribution in the area. The use of ancillary terrigenous biomarkers (lignin and inorganic silica) pointed to a preferential fluvial transport of the terrestrial organic matter and indicated that the longer distance from the source, the greater degradation of the OM. In addition, the northern dominant winds in the region may have favored the additional introduction of airborne transported BC in the marine system.
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| 3. |
- Lanzon, Borja, et al.
(författare)
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Lipidomic and Metabolomic Signature of Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Severe Obesity
- 2021
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Ingår i: Metabolites. - : MDPI. - 2218-1989. ; 11:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Severe obesity is a major risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early detection and careful monitoring of renal function are critical for the prevention of CKD during obesity, since biopsies are not performed in patients with CKD and diagnosis is dependent on the assessment of clinical parameters. To explore whether distinct lipid and metabolic signatures in obesity may signify early stages of pathogenesis toward CKD, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-high resolution accurate mass-mass spectrometry (GC-HRAM-MS) analyses were performed in the serum and the urine of severely obese patients with and without CKD. Moreover, the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) in lipid and metabolic signature was also studied, through LC-MS and GC-HRAM-MS analyses in the serum and urine of patients with severe obesity and CKD before and after undergoing BS. Regarding patients with severe obesity and CKD compared to severely obese patients without CKD, serum lipidome analysis revealed significant differences in lipid signature. Furthermore, serum metabolomics profile revealed significant changes in specific amino acids, with isoleucine and tyrosine, increased in CKD patients compared with patients without CKD. LC-MS and GC-HRAM-MS analysis in serum of patients with severe obesity and CKD after BS showed downregulation of levels of triglycerides (TGs) and diglycerides (DGs) as well as a decrease in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), lysine, threonine, proline, and serine. In addition, BS removed most of the correlations in CKD patients against biochemical parameters related to kidney dysfunction. Concerning urine analysis, hippuric acid, valine and glutamine were significantly decreased in urine from CKD patients after surgery. Interestingly, bariatric surgery did not restore all the lipid species, some of them decreased, hence drawing attention to them as potential targets for early diagnosis or therapeutic intervention. Results obtained in this study would justify the use of comprehensive mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to measure other lipids aside from conventional lipid profiles and to validate possible early markers of risk of CKD in patients with severe obesity.
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