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- Gosch, M., et al.
(författare)
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Parallel dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy using diffractive optical elements
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Optics. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 1083-3668 .- 1560-2281. ; 10:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dual-color cross-correlation spectroscopy allows the detection and quantification of labeled biomolecules at ultra-low concentrations, whereby the sensitivity of the assay correlates with the measurement time. We now describe a parallel multifocal dual-color spectroscopic configuration employing multiple avalanche photodiodes and hardware correlators. Cross-correlation curves are obtained from several dual-color excitation foci simultaneously. Multifocal dual-color excitation is achieved by splitting each of two laser beams (488 and 633 nm) into four sub-beams with the help of two 2 X 2 fan-out diffractive optical elements (DOES), and subsequent superposition of the two sets of four foci. The fluorescence emission from double-labeled biomolecules is detected by two 2 x 2 fiber arrays.
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- Blom, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Parallel confocal detection of single biomolecules using diffractive optics and integrated detector units
- 2004
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Ingår i: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 1389-2010 .- 1873-4316 .- 0000-0000. ; 5:2, s. 231-241
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The past few years we have witnessed a tremendous surge of interest in so-called array-based miniaturised analytical systems due to their value as extremely powerful tools for high-throughput sequence analysis, drug discovery and development, and diagnostic tests in medicine (see articles in Issue 1). Terminologies that have been used to describe these array-based bioscience systems include (but are not limited to): DNA-chip, microarrays, microchip, biochip, DNA-microarrays and genome chip. Potential technological benefits of introducing these miniaturised analytical systems include improved accuracy, multiplexing, lower sample and reagent consumption, disposability, and decreased analysis times, just to mention a few examples. Among the many alternative principles of detection-analysis (e.g. chemiluminescence, electroluminescence and conductivity), fluo re scence-based techniques are widely used, examples being fluorescence resonance energy transfer, fluorescence quenching, fluorescence polarisation, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (see articles in Issue II). Time-dependent fluctuations of fluorescent biomolecules with different molecular properties, like molecular weight, translational and rotational diffusion time, colour and lifetime, potentially provide all the kinetic and thermodynamic information required in analysing complex interactions. In this mini-review article, we present recent extensions aimed to implement parallel laser excitation and parallel fluorescence detection that can lead to even further increase in throughput in miniaturised array-based analytical systems. We also report on developments and characterisations of multiplexing extension that allow multifocal laser excitation together with matched parallel fluorescence detection for parallel confocal dynamical fluorescence fluctuation studies at the single biomolecule level.
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- Gosch, M., et al.
(författare)
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Parallel single molecule detection with a fully integrated single-photon 2X2 CMOS detector array
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Biomedical Optics. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 1083-3668 .- 1560-2281. ; 9:5, s. 913-921
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present parallel single molecule detection (SMD) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) experiments with a fully integrated complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) single-photon 2 X 2 detector array. Multifocal excitation is achieved with a diffractive optical element (DOE). Special emphasis is placed on parallelization of the total system. The performance of the novel single-photon CMOS detector is investigated and compared to a state-of-the-art single-photon detecting module [having an actively quenched avalanche photodiode (APD)] by measurements on free diffusing molecules at different concentrations. Despite the order of magnitude lower detection efficiency of the CMOS detector compared to the state-of-the-art single-photon detecting module, we achieve single molecule sensitivity and reliably determine molecule concentrations. In addition, the CMOS detector performance for the determination of the fraction of slowly diffusing molecules in a primer solution (two-component analysis) is demonstrated. The potential of this new technique for high-throughput confocal-detection-based systems is discussed.
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- Grodzinsky, A., et al.
(författare)
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Bleeding risk following percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with diabetes prescribed dual anti-platelet therapy
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Heart Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-8703. ; 182, s. 111-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) experience higher rates of in-stent restenosis and greater benefit from drug-eluting stents implant at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), necessitating prolonged dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT). While DAPT reduces risk of ischemic events post-PCI, it also increases risk of bleeding. Whether bleeding rates differ among patients with and without DM, receiving long-term DAPT is unknown. Methods Among patients who underwent PCI and were maintained on DAPT for 1 year in a multicenter US registry, we assessed patient-reported bleeding over one year following PCI in patients with and without DM. Multivariable, hierarchical Poisson regression was used to evaluate the association of DM with bleeding during follow-up. Results Among 2334 PCI patients from 10 US hospitals (mean age 64, 54% ACS), 32.6% had DM. In unadjusted analyses, patients with DM had fewer bleeding events over the year following PCI(DMvs no DM: BARC = 1: 78.0% vs 87.7%, P <.001; BARC >= 2: 4.3% vs 5.3%, P = .33). Following adjustment, patients with (vs without DM) had a lower risk of BARC = 1 bleeding during follow-up (relative risk [RR] 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96). This decreased bleeding risk persisted after removing bruising from the endpoint definition. Conclusions In a real-world PCI registry, patients with DM experienced lower risk of bleeding risk on DAPT. As patients with DM also derive greater ischemic benefit from drug-eluting stents, which requires prolonged DAPT, our findings suggest that the balance between benefit and risk of this therapeutic approach may be even more favorable in patients with DM than previously considered.
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