| 1. |
- Botha-le Roux, Shani, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular Profile of South African Adults with Low-Level Viremia during Antiretroviral Therapy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-0383. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic inflammation is an HIV infection feature, contributing to elevated risk of cardiovascular disease among people with HIV, which can be induced by viral replication. A proportion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) recipients fail to achieve viral suppression, despite not meeting criteria for treatment failure, so-called low-level viremia (LLV). We investigated the relationship between LLV and an array of cardiovascular measures and biomarkers. South Africans with LLV (viral load = 50–999 copies/mL) and virological suppression (viral load <50 copies/mL) were selected from the EndoAfrica study (all receiving efavirenz-based ART) for cross-sectional comparison of vascular structure and function measures, as well as 21 plasma biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk and inflammation. Associations were investigated with univariate, multivariate, and binomial logistic regression analyses (having outcome measures above (cases) or below (controls) the 75th percentile). Among 208 participants, 95 (46%) had LLV, and 113 (54%) had viral suppression. The median age was 44 years, 73% were women, and the median ART duration was 4.5 years. Cardiovascular measures and biomarker levels were similar between these two categories. Cardiovascular function and structure measures were not associated with viremia status and having LLV did not increase the odds of having outcome measures above the 75th percentile. In this study among South African ART recipients, LLV did not associate with cardiovascular risk.
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| 2. |
- Illario, Maddalena, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions Between EIP on AHA Reference Sites and Action Groups to Foster Digital Innovation of Health and Care in European Regions
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - : Dove Medical Press. - 1176-9092 .- 1178-1998. ; 17, s. 343-358
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article describes some of the achievements of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA), after eight years in operation. These results were achieved thanks to the collaborative work of the action groups (AGs) and reference sites (RSs). RS regional ecosystems include key organisations committed to investing in innovation to foster active and healthy ageing. The AGs are groups of professionals committed to sharing their knowledge and skills in active and healthy ageing. This article reports on the approach used by the EIP on AHA to bring together experts and regions in identifying and addressing these challenges. Synergies between AGs offered substantial support to RSs, allowing regional health and care priorities and challenges to be identified and pursued through AG commitments. Building upon the experiences of the EIP on AHA, the Reference Sites Collaborative Network has set up a number of thematic action groups that bring together multidisciplinary experts from across Europe to address the main health and social care challenges at regional, national and European level.
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| 3. |
- Patel, Kieran, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of postural changes on cardiovascular parameters across gender
- 2016
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Ingår i: Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0025-7974 .- 1536-5964. ; 95:28, s. e4149-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: We investigated the effect of postural changes on various cardiovascular parameters across gender. Twenty-eight healthy subjects (16 male, 12 female) were observed at rest (supine) and subjected to 3 interventions; head-down tilt (HDT), HDT with lower body negative pressure (HDT + LBNP at -30 mmHg), and head-up tilt (HUT), each for 10 minutes separated by a 10 minutes recovery period. Methods: Measurements were recorded for heart rate (HR), standard deviation of the normal-to-normal intervals, root mean square of successive differences between the normal-to-normal intervals, heart rate variability-low frequency (LFRRI), heart rate variability-high frequency (HFRRI), low frequency/high frequency ratio (LFRRI/HFRRI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total peripheral resistance index (TPRI), stroke index (SI), cardiac index (CI), index of contractility (IC), left ventricular work index, and left ventricular ejection time. Results: Across all cardiovascular parameters, there was a significant main effect of the intervention applied but there was no significant main effect of gender across all parameters. Conclusions: The results suggest that there are no specific gender differences in regards to the measured variables under the conditions of this study. Furthermore, these results suggest that in healthy subjects, there appears to be evidence that LBNP partially elicits similar cardiovascular responses to HUT, which supports the use of LBNP as an intervention to counteract the effects of central hypovolemia.
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