| 1. |
- Ahlund, John, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular growth determined by surface domain patterns
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 112:17, s. 6887-6890
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The growth of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) on InSb(001) c(8 x 2) at submonolayer coverage has been investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). FePc adsorbs flat centered on the In rows both at 70 K and at room temperature (RT). However, the shapes of the two-dimensional molecular islands are fundamentally different; while the RT growth results in chainlike structures along the [I 10] direction, as already observed for other Pc's adsorbed on the same surface, the islands are prolonged along [110], i.e., perpendicular to the substrate rows, at 70 K. These observations are explained on the basis of a recently observed new surface phase at low temperature, resulting in structural domains on the surface. The molecular growth front follows the propagating domain boundary that freezes at low temperature.
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| 2. |
- Brena, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
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Valence-band electronic structure of iron phthalocyanine : An experimental and theoretical photoelectron spectroscopy study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 134:7, s. 074312-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic structure of iron phthalocyanine (FePc) in the valence region was examined within a joint theoretical-experimental collaboration. Particular emphasis was placed on the determination of the energy position of the Fe 3d levels in proximity of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO). Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) measurements were performed on FePc in gas phase at several photon energies in the interval between 21 and 150 eV. Significant variations of the relative intensities were observed, indicating a different elemental and atomic orbital composition of the highest lying spectral features. The electronic structure of a single FePc molecule was first computed by quantum chemical calculations by means of density functional theory (DFT). The hybrid Becke 3-parameter, Lee, Yang and Parr (B3LYP) functional and the semilocal 1996 functional of Perdew, Burke and Ernzerhof (PBE) of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA-) type, exchange-correlation functionals were used. The DFT/B3LYP calculations find that the HOMO is a doubly occupied pi-type orbital formed by the carbon 2p electrons, and the HOMO-1 is a mixing of carbon 2p and iron 3d electrons. In contrast, the DFT/PBE calculations find an iron 3d contribution in the HOMO. The experimental photoelectron spectra of the valence band taken at different energies were simulated by means of the Gelius model, taking into account the atomic subshell photoionization cross sections. Moreover, calculations of the electronic structure of FePc using the GGA+U method were performed, where the strong correlations of the Fe 3d electronic states were incorporated through the Hubbard model. Through a comparison with our quantum chemical calculations we find that the best agreement with the experimental results is obtained for a U-eff value of 5 eV.
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| 3. |
- Chow, Winnie W. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Bio-polymer coatings on neural probe surfaces : Influence of the initial sample composition
- 2012
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 258:20, s. 7864-7871
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of the study of hyaluronic acid (HyA) coating on two structural materials, silicon oxide (dielectric) surface and platinum (Pt) surface used for fabrication of probes developed for neurological investigations in the framework of the EU-project NeuroProbes. The silicon-based neural probes consist of multiple Pt electrodes on the probe shafts for neural recording applications. HyA coatings were proposed to apply on the probe surfaces to enhance the biocompatibility [1]. This study aims at understanding the influence of the initial composition of the probe surface on the structure and morphology of HyA coating. HyA was chemically functionalized by SS-pyridin using (N-Succinimidyl 3-[2-pyridyldithio]-propionate) (SPDP) and was immobilized on the surfaces via a covalent bond. The dielectric and Pt surfaces were derivatized by use of (3-mercaptopropyl) methyldimethoxysilane (MPMDMS). The silanol groups in MPMDMS bind to the dielectric surface, leaving the thiol groups at the uppermost surface and the thiol groups then bind covalently to the functionalized HyA. On the Pt surface, it is the thiol group which binds on the Pt surface. The coated surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). A well-defined HyA layer was observed on both dielectric and Pt surfaces. The coating of two molecular weights (340 kDa and 1.3 MDa) of HyA was examined. The influence of the silanized layer on the HyA coating was also investigated.
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| 4. |
- Chow, Winnie W. Y., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of bio-coatings on the recording performance of neural electrodes
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biomedizinische Technik (Berlin. Zeitschrift). - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 1862-278X .- 0013-5585. ; 59:4, s. 315-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neural probes are complex devices consisting of metallic (often Pt based) electrodes, spread over an insolating/dielectric backbone. Their functionality is often limited in time because of the formation of scaring tissues around the implantation tracks. Functionalization of the probes surface can be used to limit the glial scar reaction. This is however challenging, as this treatment has to be equally efficient on all probe surfaces (metallic as well as dielectric) and should not influence the electrodes performances. This paper presents a novel technique to functionalize recording neural probes with hyaluronic acid (HyA), a major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM). HyA and the probe surface are both modified to make the reaction feasible: HyA is chemically functionalized with SS-pyridine groups while the probe surfaces are silanized. The thiol groups thus introduced on the probe surface can then react with the HyA SS-pyridine group, resulting in a covalent bonding of the latter on the former. The electrodes are protected by introducing a pretreatment step, namely an additional hyaluronic acid layer on the platinum electrode, prior to the silanization process, which was found to be effective in reducing electrode impedance under optimized conditions.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Kristofer, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of a biomimetic oxidation catalyst immobilized on silica particles
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Catalysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9517 .- 1090-2694. ; 303, s. 16-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A biomimetic oxidation catalyst, cobalt porphyrin with thiol linkers, was chemically conjugated to silica particles and utilized in the oxidation of hydroquinone to benzoquinone. The cobalt porphyrin/silica particle catalyst was characterized with Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic performance of the cobalt porphyrin molecules was compared to previous results for the same catalyst grafted to a gold surface and on silicon wafers. The measured catalytic activity, after background correction, was 100 times higher than that of its homogeneous counterpart, 10 times higher than that on a silicon wafer, and almost the same as that on a gold surface. The turnover frequency rates after 400 h are still comparable with initial rates reported for homogeneous porphyrins and salophens, whereas the use of particles as support increases the active surface area, which removes the limitations for scale-up associated with the previously used silicon wafers and gold surfaces.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, LarsErik, et al.
(författare)
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A magnetic microchip for controlled transport of attomole levels of proteins
- 2010
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Ingår i: Lab on a Chip. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1473-0197 .- 1473-0189. ; 10:5, s. 654-661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel method of controlled transport of proteins immobilized on micrometre-sized magnetic beads in a lab-on-a-chip environment is presented. Bead motion is controlled by lithographically made magnetic elements forming transportation lines in combination with an applied in-plane rotating magnetic field. In this way, transport of attomole amounts of proteins is controlled with micrometre precision. Also, the activity of proteins immobilized on the beads is demonstrated by injecting antibodies into the system. A critical step in developing the method was to reduce sticking forces between beads and substrate during transportation of proteins. Charge interaction was found to be of minor importance compared to hydrophobic forces. To achieve a reliable transport of biologically active proteins, both substrate and beads were coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and the protein covered beads were suspended in buffer with surfactants. The described system fulfils all the important unit operations of a microfluidic platform and, as a further advantage, presents less need for microchannels and electric wiring.
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| 7. |
- Landälv, Ludvig, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Si doping and O-2 flow on arc-deposited (Al,Cr)(2)O-3 coatings
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. A. Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films. - : A V S AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0734-2101 .- 1520-8559. ; 37:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- (Al,Cr)(2)O-3 coatings with Al/( Al + Cr) = 0.5 or Al = 70 at. %, doped with 0, 5, or 10 at. % Si, were deposited on hard metal and Si(100) substrates to elucidate the influence of Si on the resulting coatings. The chemical analysis of the coatings showed between 3.3 and 7.4 at. % metal fraction Si incorporated into all studied coatings depending on cathode Si composition. The incorporated Si content does not change significantly with different oxygen flows covering a wide range of deposition conditions from low to high O-2 flow during growth. The addition of Si promotes the metastable B1-like cubic structure over the thermodynamically stable corundum structure. The hardness determined by nanoindentation of the as-deposited coatings is slightly reduced upon Si incorporation as well as upon increased Al content. Si is found enriched in droplets but can also be found at a lower content, evenly spread, without visible segregation at the similar to 5 nm scale, in the actual oxide coating. The positive effect of improved cathode erosion upon Si incorporation has to be balanced against the promotion of the metastable B1-like structure, having lower room temperature hardness and inferior thermal stability compared to the corundum structure. Published by the AVS.
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| 8. |
- Landälv, Ludvig, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Phase evolution of radio frequency magnetron sputtered Cr-rich (Cr,Zr)(2)O-3 coatings studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction during annealing in air or vacuum
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Research. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 0884-2914 .- 2044-5326. ; 34:22, s. 3735-3746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The phase evolution of reactive radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtered Cr0.28Zr0.10O0.61 coatings has been studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction during annealing under air atmosphere and vacuum. The annealing in vacuum shows t-ZrO2 formation starting at similar to 750-800 degrees C, followed by decomposition of the alpha-Cr2O3 structure in conjunction with bcc-Cr formation, starting at similar to 950 degrees C. The resulting coating after annealing to 1140 degrees C is a mixture of t-ZrO2, m-ZrO2, and bcc-Cr. The air-annealed sample shows t-ZrO2 formation starting at similar to 750 degrees C. The resulting coating after annealing to 975 degrees C is a mixture of t-ZrO2 and alpha-Cr2O3 (with dissolved Zr). The microstructure coarsened slightly during annealing, but the mechanical properties are maintained, with no detectable bcc-Cr formation. A larger t-ZrO2 fraction compared with alpha-Cr2O3 is observed in the vacuum-annealed coating compared with the air-annealed coating at 975 degrees C. The results indicate that the studied pseudo-binary oxide is more stable in air atmosphere than in vacuum.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Qin, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of surface oxides on narrow bandgap III-V semiconductors leading towards surface leakage free IR photodetectors
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 8353, s. 835311-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Narrow bandgap semiconductors GaSb, InAs, and InSb are important building blocks for infrared photodetectors based on type-II InSb quantum dots or an InAs/GaSb strained layer superlattice. Understanding the surface chemical composition of these materials can provide valuable information that enables optimization of device surface passivation techniques leading towards surface leakage free IR photodetectors. We report on an investigation into Ga-, In-, Sb-, and As-oxides and other chemical species on the surface of untreated, dry etched and thermally treated GaSb, InAs and InSb samples by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental results reveal the presence of Sb- and Ga-oxides on the surfaces of the untreated and treated GaSb samples. Both Sb- and In-oxides were observed on the surface of all InSb samples, and especially the dry etched sample had thicker oxide layers. In the case of the InAs samples, not only In-and As-oxides XPS signals were obtained, but also AsCl species were found on the ICP dry etched sample. These results helped to analyze the dark current of our fabricated IR detectors.
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