| 1. |
- Andersson Grönlund, Marita, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Ophthalmologic involvement in Leigh syndrome
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1755-375X .- 1755-3768. ; 95:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Burgess, D H, et al.
(författare)
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Human skeletal muscle cytosols are refractory to cytochrome c-dependent activation of type-II caspases and lack APAF-1.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Cell Death and Differentiation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1350-9047 .- 1476-5403. ; 6:3, s. 256-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apoptotic regulatory mechanisms in skeletal muscle have not been revealed. This is despite indications that remnant apoptotic events are detected following exercise, muscle injury and the progression of dystrophinopathies. The recent elicitation of a cytochrome c-mediated induction of caspases has led to speculation regarding a cytochrome c mechanism in muscle. We demonstrate that cytosols from skeletal muscle biopsies from healthy human volunteers lack the ability to activate type-II caspases by a cytochrome c-mediated pathway despite the confirmed presence of both procaspase-3 and -9. This was not due to the presence of an endogenous inhibitor, as the muscle cytosols enhanced caspase activity when added to a control cytosol, subsequently activated by cytochrome c and dATP. In addition, we demonstrate that muscle cytosols lack the apoptosis protease activator protein-1 (APAF-1), both at the protein and mRNA levels. These data indicate that human skeletal muscle cells will be refractory to mitochondrial-mediated events leading to apoptosis and thus can escape a major pro-apoptotic regulatory mechanism. This may reflect an evolutionary adaptation of cell survival in the presence of the profusion of mitochondria required for energy generation in motility.
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| 3. |
- Börjesson, Stefan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Staphylococcus pseudintermedius can be misdiagnosed as Staphylococcus aureus in humans with dog bite wounds.
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. - : Springer. - 0934-9723 .- 1435-4373. ; 34, s. 839-844
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate whether S. pseudintermedius is misdiagnosed as S. aureus by clinical laboratories when isolated from humans with dog bite wounds. In addition, we attempted to determine whether S. pseudintermedius isolates related to dog bite wounds share phenotypic and genotypic traits. S. pseudintermedius was identified by PCR targeting the nuc gene. Isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility using VetMIC GP-mo microdilution panels. The occurrence of genes encoding leukocidins, exfoliatins, pyrogenic toxin superantigens and enterotoxins was determined by PCR. The relatedness of S. pseudintermedius isolates was investigated using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). Out of 101 isolates defined as S. aureus by human clinical microbiology laboratories, 13 isolates were re-identified as S. pseudintermedius and one isolate was confirmed to carry the mecA gene, i.e. methicillin-resistant (MRSP). The MRSP isolate was also defined as multi-resistant. Two methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius isolates were also multi-resistant and five were susceptible to all antibiotics tested. With the exception of three S. pseudintermedius isolates belonging to multi locus sequence type (MLST) 158, all the isolates belonged to unique STs. All isolates contained lukS/F-I, siet and se-int, and expA were identified in two isolates and expB and sec canine-sel in one isolate respectively. S. pseudintermedius is frequently misdiagnosed as S. aureus from humans with dog bite wounds showing that it can act as an opportunistic pathogen in humans. No common phenotypic and genotypic traits shared by the S. pseudintermedius isolates could be identified.
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| 4. |
- Carbonaro, M., et al.
(författare)
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Combining high-density electromyography and ultrafast ultrasound to assess individual motor unit properties in vivo
- 2023
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Ingår i: Convegno nazionale di bioingegneria: eight national congress of bioengineering. - : Patron Editore S.r.l.. - 2724-2129. - 9788855580113 ; , s. 1-4
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to compare two methods for the identification of anatomical and mechanical motor unit (MU) properties through the integration of high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) and ultrafast ultrasound (UUS). The two approaches rely on a combined analysis of the firing pattern of active MUs, identified from HDsEMG, and tissue velocity sequences of the muscle cross-section, obtained from UUS. The first method is the spike-triggered averaging (STA) of the tissue velocity sequence based on the occurrences of MU firings. The second is a method based on spatio-temporal independent component analysis (STICA) enhanced with the information of single MU firings. We compared the capability of these two approaches to identify the regions where single MU fibers are located within the muscle cross-section (MU displacement area) in vivo. HDsEMG signals and UUS images were detected simultaneously from biceps brachii in ten participants (6 males and 4 females) during low-level isometric elbow flexions. Experimental signals were processed by implementing both STA and STICA approaches. The medio-lateral distance between the estimated MU displacement areas and the centroid of the MU action potential distributions was used to compare the two methods. We found that STICA and STA are able to detect MU displacement areas. However, STICA provides more precise estimations to the detriment of higher computational complexity.
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| 5. |
- Dubreuil, Carole, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment of Photosynthesis through Chloroplast Development Is Controlled by Two Distinct Regulatory Phases
- 2018
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 176:2, s. 1199-1214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chloroplasts develop from undifferentiated proplastids present in meristematic tissue. Thus, chloroplast biogenesis is closely connected to leaf development, which restricts our ability to study the process of chloroplast biogenesis per se. As a consequence, we know relatively little about the regulatory mechanisms behind the establishment of the photosynthetic reactions and how the activities of the two genomes involved are coordinated during chloroplast development. We developed a single cell-based experimental system from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) with high temporal resolution allowing for investigations of the transition from proplastids to functional chloroplasts. Using this unique cell line, we could show that the establishment of photosynthesis is dependent on a regulatory mechanism involving two distinct phases. The first phase is triggered by rapid light-induced changes in gene expression and the metabolome. The second phase is dependent on the activation of the chloroplast and generates massive changes in the nuclear gene expression required for the transition to photosynthetically functional chloroplasts. The second phase also is associated with a spatial transition of the chloroplasts from clusters around the nucleus to the final position at the cell cortex. Thus, the establishment of photosynthesis is a two-phase process with a clear checkpoint associated with the second regulatory phase allowing coordination of the activities of the nuclear and plastid genomes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Grønlund, H., et al.
(författare)
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Microarray-based genotyping of Salmonella : Inter-laboratory evaluation of reproducibility and standardization potential
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Food Microbiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-1605 .- 1879-3460. ; 145:SUPPL. 1, s. S79-S85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterial food-borne infections in humans caused by Salmonella spp. are considered a crucial food safety issue. Therefore, it is important for the risk assessments of Salmonella to consider the genomic variation among different isolates in order to control pathogen-induced infections. Microarray technology is a promising diagnostic tool that provides genomic information on many genes simultaneously. However, standardization of DNA microarray analysis is needed before it can be used as a routine method for characterizing Salmonella isolates across borders and laboratories. A comparative study was designed in which the agreement of data from a DNA microarray assay used for typing Salmonella spp. between two different labs was assessed. The study was expected to reveal the possibility of obtaining the same results in different labs using different equipment in order to evaluate the reproducibility of the microarray technique as a first step towards standardization. The low-density array contains 281 57-60-mer oligonucleotide probes for detecting a wide range of specific genomic marker genes associated with antibiotic resistance, cell envelope structures, mobile genetic elements and pathogenicity. Several critical methodology parameters that differed between the two labs were identified. These related to printing facilities, choice of hybridization buffer, wash buffers used following the hybridization and choice of procedure for purifying genomic DNA. Critical parameters were randomized in a four-factorial experiment and statistical measures of inter-lab consistency and agreement were performed based on the kappa coefficient. A high level of agreement (kappa = 0.7-1.0) in microarray results was obtained even when employing different printing and hybridization facilities, different procedures for purifying genomic DNA and different wash buffers. However, less agreement (Kappa = 0.2-0.6) between microarray results were observed when using different hybridization buffers, indicating this parameter as being highly critical when transferring a standard microarray assay between laboratories. In conclusion, this study indicates that DNA microarray assays can be reproduced in at least two different facilities, which is a pre-requisite for the development of standard guidelines. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Holtermann, A, et al.
(författare)
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Duration of differential activations is functionally related to fatigue prevention during low-level contractions.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of electromyography and kinesiology : official journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5711. ; 20:2, s. 241-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of duration of differential activations between the heads of the biceps brachii on local fatigue during prolonged low-level contractions. Fifteen subjects carried out isometric elbow flexion at 5% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for 30 min. MVCs were performed before and at the end of the prolonged contraction. Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from both heads of the biceps brachii. Differential activation was analysed based on the difference in EMG amplitude (activation) between electrodes situated at the two heads. Differential activations were quantified by the power spectral median frequency of the difference in activation between the heads throughout the contraction. The inverse of the median frequency was used to describe the average duration of the differential activations. The relation between average duration of the differential activations and the fatigue-induced reduction in maximal force was explored by linear regression analysis. The main finding was that the average duration of differential activation was positively associated to relative maximal force at the end of the 30 min contraction (R(2)=0.5, P<0.01). The findings of this study highlight the importance of duration of differential activations for local fatigue, and support the hypothesis that long term differential activations prevent fatigue during prolonged low-level contractions.
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