| 1. |
- Asheim, Bjørn, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction : Combinatorial Knowledge Bases, Regional Innovation, and Development Dynamics
- 2017
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Ingår i: Economic Geography. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0013-0095 .- 1944-8287. ; 93:5, s. 429-435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The special issue zooms in on knowledge dynamics that drive innovation processes and new path development in different regional and sectoral contexts. This investigation rests on the differentiated knowledge base approach, which offers a clear distinction between analytical, synthetic and symbolic types of knowledge and deep insights into their idiosyncrasies. The introduction frames knowledge bases as theoretically discernible and differentiated forms of knowledge creation that are of particular relevance for innovation processes. The knowledge base approach goes beyond sector and regional approaches to innovation and focuses on micro-level dynamics of knowledge creation and knowledge combination within firms, industries and regions. This special issue offers theoretical advances and empirical insights into the causal linkages between such knowledge dynamics, innovation and new path development. It contributes to economic geography in providing an improved understanding of mechanism behind economic growth and development in various sectors and regions as well as to make better sense of the consistent heterogeneity of performance between firms within the same sectors and regions. All this underpins a broad-based innovation policy approach and an active role of policy makers in stimulating novel combinations of differentiated knowledge bases, which shows its roots in the (regional) innovation systems tradition.
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| 2. |
- Asheim, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Sistemas regionales de innovación : Pasado, presente y futuro
- 2019
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Ingår i: Revista Galega de Economia. - : Universidad de Santiago de Compostela. - 1132-2799 .- 2255-5951. ; 28:2, s. 4-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since its development in the 1990s, the Regional Innovation Systems (RIS) approach has attracted considerable attention from economic geographers, innovation scholars and policy makers. The RIS approach is well-known in scientific discourse about the uneven geography of innovation and the factors that shape the knowledge generation and innovation capacities of regions. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the emergence of the RIS approach, the current debate as well as future challenges. This paper is structured around four over arching research questions: What are the origins and theoretical foundations of this ap-proach? What has the RIS approach contributed to innovation studies and economic geography? What are the implications for innovation policy? And what are the recent lines of research and key research challenges in the future? We argue that the con-tributions of the RIS approach have been substantial. Nevertheless, the approach has often been applied in a rather static way, more as a heuristic than a coherent theory. The key challenges for current and future research, therefore, are to move towards a more theory-based, dynamic perspective on RIS, dealing with new path development and the transformation of RIS.
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| 3. |
- Asheim, Bjørn, et al.
(författare)
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Smart Specialization as an Innovation-Driven Strategy for Economic Diversification : Examples From Scandinavian Regions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in the Theory and Practice of Smart Specialization. - 9780128041376 - 9780128041598 ; , s. 73-97
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter provides conceptual and empirical foundations for smart specialization, a policy approach of far-reaching importance in the European context. We interpret the very notion as “diversified” specialization into areas of existing or potential competitive advantage, which differentiates a region/nation from others. “Smart” relates to the identification of these areas through a process of entrepreneurial discovery, in which all actors are mobilized to be able to discover domains for securing existing and future competitiveness. Competitive advantage through smart specialization can be promoted in all types of industries but based on the industry-specific modes of innovation and knowledge bases, which is illustrated through case studies in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. Depending on the preconditions, we find that variegated strategies of smart specialization are pursued, including building the absorptive capacity of DUI-based firms by increasing their research-based competence (introducing analytical knowledge), combining unrelated knowledge bases to move into new related and unrelated industries, combining related knowledge bases to move into unrelated industries, and moving into high value–added niches by introducing symbolic knowledge in traditional sectors.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Erlström, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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The geography of connectivity : a review of mobile positioning data for economic geography
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Geographical Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-5949 .- 1435-5930. ; 24:4, s. 679-707
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Connectivity between and within places is one of the cornerstones of geography. However, the data and methodologies used to capture connectivity are limited due to the difficulty in gathering and analysing detailed observations in time and space. Mobile phone data potentially offer a rich and unprecedented source of data, which is exhaustive in time and space following movements and communication activities of individuals. This approach to study the connectivity patterns of societies is still rather unexplored in economic geography. However, a substantial body of work in related fields provides methodological and theoretical foundations, which warrant an in-depth review to make it applicable in economic geography. This paper reviews and discusses the state-of-the-art in the analysis of mobile phone and positioning data, with a focus on call detail records. It identifies methodological challenges, elaborates on key findings for geography, and provides an outline for future research on the geography of connectivity.
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| 6. |
- Fil Kristensen, Iryna, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership and governance challenges in delivering place-based transformation through Smart Specialisation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Regional studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 57:1, s. 196-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper considers the unfolding of Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3) in one of Europe's innovation-leading metropolitan regions: Stockholm, Sweden. Theoretically, it contributes to debates around change agency and reflects more broadly, which implications arise for metropolitan innovation-leader regions and which are of more generic nature. It argues that actor endowments, dense networks, experience with participatory governance processes and good governance are not sufficient for a successful implementation of RIS3. It finds that transformative regional innovation policy is contingent upon the adequate empowerment of change agents rather than on general regional preconditions.
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| 7. |
- Grillitsch, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Advancing the treatment of human agency in the analysis of regional economic development : Illustrated with three Norwegian cases
- 2022
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Ingår i: Growth and Change. - : Wiley. - 0017-4815 .- 1468-2257. ; 53:1, s. 248-275
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human agency has become a core topic in economic geography complementing traditional, structural approaches to explain regional development. This paper contributes firstly with a discussion of the theoretical and conceptual relationships between the agency of individuals, organizations, and systems. Secondly, it proposes a novel analytical framework for studying how human agency, combined with external changes affects regional economic development, and how regional structural preconditions and external changes explain the activation of change agency. Thirdly, the relevance of the framework is examined through comparative studies of about 20 years of industrial development in three Norwegian regions. This illuminates the importance of human agency in regional transformation processes, how regional preconditions influence but not determine the activation of change agency, as well as why and how regional policy plays a role in the emergence of change agency. Yet, future research needs to investigate the context conditions, which promote or hinder the activation of change agency, to trace change in economic activities over time and link it to causal mechanisms, and to pay attention to the unintended consequences of change agency in the longer-term.
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| 8. |
- Grillitsch, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Agency and economic change in regions : identifying routes to new path development using qualitative comparative analysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Regional Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0034-3404 .- 1360-0591. ; 57:8, s. 453-1468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the role of human agency in 40 phases of regional economic development in 12 Nordic regions over 30 years. It contributes with a theoretical framework to study agency over time and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis based on a unique dataset combining over 200 interviews, with printed and online sources, and quantitative data. The paper identifies which combinations of agency types and context conditions make industrial upgrading or diversification possible, and investigates how such combinations come into being. The causal claims from this analysis are illustrated with empirical examples and discussed in relation to previous literature.
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| 9. |
- Grillitsch, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Bouncing forward better–micro-foundations of combinatorial innovation
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Ingår i: Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research. - 1351-1610.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article theoretically investigates the conditions that empower actors (entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs) to pursue combinatorial innovation processes, and thereby contribute to transformative activities with a high degree of novelty and complexity. We argue that the possibility for combinatorial innovation depends on agents’ time perspective and combinatorial capabilities. We elaborate why institutional incentive structures and knowledge bases condition actors’ time perspective and why network structures and firm routines condition actors’ combinatorial capabilities. We illustrate our arguments with examples and show their practical relevance for policy and innovative actors.
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| 10. |
- Grillitsch, Markus, et al.
(författare)
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Bridging the gap : citizenship diversity and global innovation networks in small and medium size companies
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Planning Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0965-4313 .- 1469-5944. ; 26:12, s. 2279-2303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent literature stresses the increasing importance of global innovation networks (GINs) as a mechanism to organize innovation across geographical space. This paper investigates why and to what extent citizenship diversity of the firm's employees relates to the engagement of small and medium size companies in GINs. Citizenship diversity provides knowledge about the institutional context of other countries, increased capabilities to deal with institutional differences, larger social networks to build GINs and a broader search space. Further, the paper examines how the absorptive capacity of firms mediates the relationship between citizenship diversity and GINs. The empirical study is based on a linked employee-employer dataset with 6,771 observations of innovative small and medium size firms in Sweden. It provides strong evidence that the engagement in GINs is positively related to citizenship diversity, depending, however, on the absorptive capacity of firms.
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