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| 2. |
- Dueholm, Bjørn, et al.
(författare)
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Cookability of 24 pea accessions-determining factors and potential predictors of cooking quality
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0022-5142 .- 1097-0010. ; 104:6, s. 3685-3696
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cooking time and cooking evenness are two critical quantities when determining the cooking quality (termed cookability) of pulses. Deciphering which factors contribute to pulse cookability is important for breeding new cultivars, and the identification of potential cookability predictors can facilitate breeding efforts. Seeds from 24 morphologically diverse pea accessions were tested to identify contributing factors and potential predictors of the observed cookability using a Mattson cooker. Size- and weight-based measures were recorded, and seed-coat hardness was obtained with a penetrometer. Content of protein, starch (amylose and amylopectin), and phytate was also determined.RESULTS: Distinct differences were found between wrinkled and non-wrinkled seeds in terms of water-absorption capacity, seed-coat hardness, and plunger-perforation speed. Potential predictive indicators of cooking time and cooking evenness were seed-coat hardness (r = 0.49 and r = 0.38), relative area gained (r = -0.59 and r = -0.8), and percentage of swelled seeds after soaking (r = -0.49 and r = -0.58), but only for non-wrinkled seeds. Surprisingly, the coefficients of variation for the profile area of both dry and swelled seeds appeared to be potential cookability predictors of all pea types (correlation coefficients around r = 0.5 and supported by principal component analysis). However, no strong correlation was observed between cookability and protein, starch, or phytate levels.CONCLUSION: Using three types of instruments together with chemical components enabled the identification of novel cookability predictors for both cooking time and cooking evenness in pea. This study unveils the diverse quantitative aspects influencing cookability in pea. Considering both cooking time and cooking evenness, as well as seed-coat hardness, underscores the multifaceted nature of pulse cookability and offers important insights for future breeding strategies to enhance pea cultivars. (c) 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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| 4. |
- Grimberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Cofactome analyses reveal enhanced flux of carbon into oil for potential biofuel production
- 2011
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Ingår i: Plant Journal. - 0960-7412 .- 1365-313X. ; 67, s. 1018-1028
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify the underlying molecular basis of carbon partitioning between starch and oil we conducted 454 pyrosequencing, followed by custom microarrays to profile gene expression throughout endosperm development, of two closely related oat cultivars that differ in oil content at the expense of starch as determined by several approaches including non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging. Comparative transcriptome analysis in conjunction with metabolic profiling displays a close coordination between energy metabolism and carbon partitioning pathways, with increased demands for energy and reducing equivalents in kernels with a higher oil content. These studies further expand the repertoire of networks regulating carbon partitioning to those involved in metabolism of cofactors, suggesting that an elevated supply of cofactors, here called cofactomes, contribute to the allocation of higher carbon pools for production of oils and storage proteins. These data highlight a close association between cofactomes and carbon partitioning, thereby providing a biotechnological target for conversion of starch to oil.
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| 5. |
- Grimberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Morpho-densitometric traits for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seed phenotyping by two X-ray micro-CT scanning approaches
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies are increasingly focusing on quinoa (Chenopodium (prima) as a high-quality protein-rich food source and, in general, on seed quality. This latter is a complex trait difficult to characterize with standard measurements or analyses.X-ray micro-CT allows to visualise the internal structure of small objects and has been already used in seed research, mostly for maize kernel characterization. To date this technique has not yet been applied to study quinoa seeds, despite the increasing interest for their nutritional properties.The aim of this work was to explore the use of X-ray microtomography to provide new traits improving the seed phenotyping of quinoa. Two different scanning approaches have been compared: one based on the simultaneous scanning of multiple seeds (30) at lower resolution (20 mu m voxel size) and one based on the scanning of a single seed at higher resolution (2 mu m voxel size). Such approaches were tested on a study case consisting of four different quinoa genotypes.Among the measured morpho-densitometric parameters, the embryo volume and weight ratios (derived from bulk and single seed scanning, respectively) showed high positive correlation with the total protein content, while the thickest fraction of the pericarp was the best correlated with the presence of saponins.
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| 6. |
- Grimberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Odlingsfaktorer, hållbarhet och sortval inom primärproduktion av råvara för kvalitetsmjöl av baljväxter
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En ökad odling av baljväxter och en minskad köttkonsumtion lyfts i flera internationella och nationella rapporter som en viktig pusselbit i utvecklingen av ett mer hållbart matproduktionssystem. Det finns flera utmaningar att lösa inom odlingen av baljväxter för att kunna möta behovet av och efterfrågan på baljväxter som livsmedel i bland annat Sverige. Några av utmaningarna är låg lönsamhet, ojämna skördar samt brist på infrastruktur för förädlingsanläggningar av råvaran. Den här rapporten är en del i ett EIP-projekt som syftar till att utveckla en förädlingsanläggning för baljväxtråvara från ärt, åkerböna och bruna bönor till kvalitetsmjöl. Ett sådant kan användas i en rad olika livsmedelsprodukter och efterfrågan på baljväxtmjöl spås öka i framtiden. Syftet med den här rapporten är att identifiera utmaningar och möjligheter inom odlingen, hållbarhet och sortval inom primärproduktion av baljväxtråvara för att producera ett kvalitetsmjöl i Sverige. Sett till odlingsarealer av baljväxter i Sverige idag kan ärta, åkerböna och brun böna anses vara de grödor som utgör de mest rimliga råvarorna för produktion av baljväxtmjöl. Odlingsarealerna för ärta och åkerböna är lika till storleken och även med avseende på i vilka regioner i landet, medan brun böna är en nischgröda som odlas i mycket mindre skala och endast på och i regionen kring Öland. Avkastningen ligger på ungefär samma nivå för de tre grödorna. All brun böna som produceras idag går till humankonsumtion, men endast en mycket liten andel av producerad ärta och åkerböna. Frökvaliteten skiljer sig åt mellan grödorna i bland annat fröstorlek, proteinhalt, stärkelsehalt, kostfiber och antinutritionella faktorer (ANF). Åkerböna har högst proteinhalt, ca 30%, medan ärta och brun böna har ca 20%. Bland ANFs i de tre grödorna är det vanligtvis saponiner som utmärker sig för högre halter i ärta, medan det i åkerböna är tanniner. Trädgårdsbönor, till vilka brun böna tillhör, har ofta högre halter av ANF av proteintyp (så som lektiner). De olika grödornas olika frökvalitet, samt om råvaran skalas eller ej, kommer att påverka näringssammansättningen samt halter av ANF i ett baljväxtmjöl. Även sortvalet inom en gröda kan påverka dessa faktorer, det finns till exempel åkerbönssorter som i princip helt saknar tanniner. Det finns också en stor variation i frökvalitet hos växtmaterial från genbanker som har potential att användas inom växtförädlingen. De tre baljväxterna i projektet ställer olika krav på odlingsbetingelserna för att producera god kvalitet och hög skörd. Genom att vara medveten om vilka sjukdomar som är jordburna och vilka växter som uppförökar olika patogener kan växtföljden minska risken för skördebortfall. Klimatförändringar kan förväntas förändra spridning och överlevnad av skadedjur som också kan hinna med fler livscykler. Det blir allt viktigare att förebygga genom sortval och optimera odlingsbetingelserna för att möta efterfrågan med hög skörd av god kvalité.
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| 8. |
- Grimberg, Åsa
(författare)
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Preferred carbon precursors for lipid labelling in the heterotrophic endosperm of developing oat (Avena sativa L.) grains
- 2014
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0981-9428 .- 1873-2690. ; 83, s. 346-355
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Oat (Avena sativa L.) is unusual among the cereal grains in storing high amounts of oil in the endosperm; up to 90% of total grain oil. By using oat as a model species for oil metabolism in the cereal endosperm, we can learn how to develop strategies to redirect carbon from starch to achieve high-oil yielding cereal crops. Carbon precursors for lipid synthesis were compared in two genetically close oat cultivars with different endosperm oil content (about 6% and 10% of grain dw, medium-oil; MO, and high-oil; HO cultivar, respectively) by supplying a variety of 14C-labelled substrates to the grain from both up- and downstream parts of glycolysis, either through detached oat panicles in vitro or by direct injection in planta. When supplied by direct injection, 14C from acetate was identified to label the lipid fraction of the grain to the highest extent among substrates tested; 46% of net accumulated 14C, demonstrating its applicability as a marker for lipids in the endosperm. Time course analyses of injected 14C acetate during grain development suggested a more efficient transfer of fatty acids from polar lipids to triacylglycerol in the HO as compared to the MO cultivar, and turnover of triacylglycerol was suggested to not play a major role for the final oil content of oat grain endosperm despite the low amount of protective oleosins in this tissue. Moreover, availability of light was shown to drastically affect grain net carbon accumulation from 14C-sucrose when supplied through detached panicles for the HO cultivar.
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| 9. |
- Grimberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Storage lipid accumulation is controlled by photoperiodic signal acting via regulators of growth cessation and dormancy in hybrid aspen
- 2018
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 219:2, s. 619-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The signalling pathways that control seasonal modulation of carbon metabolism in perennial plants are poorly understood. Using genetic, metabolic and natural variation approaches, we identify factors mediating photoperiodic control of storage lipid accumulation in the model tree hybrid aspen (Populus tremula x tremuloides). We characterized lipid accumulation in transgenic hybrid aspen with impaired photoperiodic and hormonal responses. Genome-wide association mapping was performed in Swedish aspen (P.tremula) genotypes to determine genetic loci associated with genotype variation in lipid content. Our data show that the storage lipid triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulates in cambial meristem and pith rays of aspen in response to photoperiodic signal controlling growth cessation and dormancy induction. We show that photoperiodic control of TAG accumulation is mediated by the FLOWERING LOCUS T/CONSTANS module, which also controls the induction of growth cessation. Hormonal and chromatin remodelling pathways also contribute to TAG accumulation by photoperiodic signal. Natural variation exists in lipid accumulation that is controlled by input from multiple loci. Our data shed light on how the control of storage metabolism is temporally coordinated with growth cessation and dormancy by photoperiodic signal, and reveals that storage lipid accumulation between seeds and perennating organs of trees may involve distinct regulatory circuits.
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| 10. |
- Grimberg, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptional Regulation of Quinoa Seed Quality: Identification of Novel Candidate Genetic Markers for Increased Protein Content
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-462X. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a crop that has great potential for increased cultivation in diverse climate regions. The seed protein quality obtained from this crop is high concerning the requirements to meet human nutritional needs, but the seed protein content is relatively low if compared to crops such as grain legumes. Increased seed protein content is desirable for increasing the economic viability of this crop in order for it to be used as a protein crop. In this study, we characterized three genotypes of quinoa with different levels of seed protein content. By performing RNA sequencing of developing seeds, we determined the genotype differences in gene expression and identified genetic polymorphisms that could be associated with increased protein content. Storage nutrient analyses of seeds of three quinoa genotypes (Titicaca, Pasankalla, and Regalona) from different ecoregions grown under controlled climate conditions showed that Pasankalla had the highest protein content (20%) and the lowest starch content (46%). Our seed transcriptome analyses revealed highly differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in Pasankalla as compared to the other genotypes. These DETs encoded functions in sugar transport, starch and protein synthesis, genes regulating embryo size, and seed transcription factors. We selected 60 genes that encode functions in the central carbon metabolism and transcription factors as potential targets for the development of high-precision markers. Genetic polymorphisms, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and base insertions and deletions (InDels), were found in 19 of the 60 selected genes, which can be further evaluated for the development of genetic markers for high seed protein content in quinoa. Increased cultivation of quinoa can contribute to a more diversified agriculture and support the plant protein diet shift. The identification of quinoa genotypes with contrasting seed quality can help establish a model system that can be used for the identification of precise breeding targets to improve the seed quality of quinoa. The data presented in this study based on nutrient and transcriptome analyses contribute to an enhanced understanding of the genetic regulation of seed quality traits in quinoa and suggest high-precision candidate markers for such traits.
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