| 1. |
- Kumar, Jitender, et al.
(författare)
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Persistent Organic Pollutants and Inflammatory Markers in a Cross-Sectional Study of Elderly Swedish People : The PIVUS Cohort
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - : National Institute of Environmental Health Science. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 122:9, s. 977-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are compounds that are generated through various industrial activities and released in the surrounding environment. Different animal studies have shown effects of different POPs on various inflammatory markers.OBJECTIVE: Because very few studies have been conducted in humans, we assessed the associations between different POPs and inflammatory markers in a large population-based sample of elderly men and women (all 70 years of age) from Sweden.METHODS: This cross-sectional study investigated the concentrations of several polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin, and brominated diphenyl ether congeners and their association with a number of inflammatory markers [vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), total leucocyte count, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and interleukin 6 (IL-6)] in 992 individuals. These individuals were recruited from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) cohort. We used a total toxic equivalency (TEQ) value that measures toxicological effects with the relative potencies of various POPs.RESULTS: Following adjustment for potential confounders, the TEQ value (driven mainly by PCB-126) was significantly associated with levels of ICAM-1 (p < 10(-5)). A similar trend was also observed between sum of PCBs and VCAM-1 (p < 0.001). No significant associations were observed between levels of POPs and other inflammatory markers.CONCLUSIONS: TEQ values were associated with levels of ICAM-1, to a lesser degree also with VCAM-1, but not with CRP and several other inflammatory markers. These findings suggest an activation of vascular adhesion molecules by POPs, and particularly by PCB-126.
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| 2. |
- Marner, Anders, 1949-
(författare)
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Konferensrapport
- 2002
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för lärarutbildning och forskning. - Umeå : Fakultetsnämnden för lärarutbildning, Umeå universitet. ; 9:3, s. 65-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Marner, Anders, 1949-
(författare)
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Kreativitet — några perspektiv
- 2000
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för lärarutbildning och forskning. - Umeå : Fakultetsnänden för lärarutbildning, Umeå universitet. - 1404-7659. ; 7:2/3, s. 55-71
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Söderström, Bo
(författare)
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Increased reproductive performance of Red-backed Shrikes Lanius collurio in forest clear-cuts
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Ornithology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2193-7192 .- 2193-7206. ; 152, s. 313-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, the centre of distribution of the nationally red-listed Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio has shifted from farmland landscapes to forest landscapes from the 1960s until today. In this study, reproductive performance of Red-backed Shrikes breeding in grasslands in a 75-km(2) farmland landscape and clear-cuts in a 75-km(2) forest landscape was compared during 1994-1995. During 2003, order of settlement and reproductive performance as well as food abundance and nest predator abundance were assessed in a 3-km(2) area in each landscape type. The average number of fledglings was significantly higher in clear-cuts than in grasslands. Furthermore, post-fledgling survival and the probability of replacement clutches following nest failure were likely to be higher in clear-cuts than in grasslands due to the significantly earlier arrival date to clear-cuts. These differences are likely explained by a lower nest predation in clear-cuts compared to grasslands. Today, forest clear-cuts represent the primary habitat of the Red-backed Shrike in Sweden, and probably also elsewhere in the boreal parts of northern Europe.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Varney, Rebecca M., et al.
(författare)
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A spatial emergent constraint on the sensitivity of soil carbon turnover to global warming
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carbon cycle feedbacks represent large uncertainties in climate change projections, and the response of soil carbon to climate change contributes the greatest uncertainty to this. Future changes in soil carbon depend on changes in litter and root inputs from plants and especially on reductions in the turnover time of soil carbon (tau(s)) with warming. An approximation to the latter term for the top one metre of soil (Delta C-s,C-tau) can be diagnosed from projections made with the CMIP6 and CMIP5 Earth System Models (ESMs), and is found to span a large range even at 2 degrees C of global warming (-196 +/- 117 PgC). Here, we present a constraint on Delta C-s,C-tau, which makes use of current heterotrophic respiration and the spatial variability of tau(s) inferred from observations. This spatial emergent constraint allows us to halve the uncertainty in Delta C-s,C-tau at 2 degrees C to -232 +/- 52 PgC.
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