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- Grunditz, Sofia, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Vardagligt samspel och mobila sängar i barnstorlek – en visuell historisk analys av vilan i förskolan
- 2019
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Ingår i: Educare. - : Malmo University Library. - 1653-1868 .- 2004-5190. ; :1, s. 116-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In previous historical studies on preschools, the main sources are texts; photos are used merely as illustrations. Inspired by the idea to use visual materials to study the look of the past by scrutinising historical photos and films of naptime in preschool, this article will shed light on preschool as an institution and on the materiality of naptime practices. The data comprise of historical photographs and films from the period 1900–1970 (in total 14 films and approximately 200 photographs that, in one way or the other, depict naptime: adult and child interaction, the beds' constructions, the material organization of rooms and naptime routines). By using visual analyses, visualizations and the notion of path dependence, the article shows how the everyday practice of napping was carried out in the historical preschool in relation to questions of continuity and change. The results suggest that the design of beds, as child-sized and easy to move and store, can be understood as defining the institution as a preschool with play and educational practices as its main purpose. At the same time, however, the beds themselves indicate that care, as sleep or napping, was an essential practice in historic preschools.
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| 2. |
- Grunditz, Sofia, 1973-
(författare)
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Vilan i förskolan 1910-2013 : Visuella material och visuell metodologi
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this thesis is to explore preschool naptime during the period 1910–2013 through visual materials, films and photographs produced by different actors for various purposes at various historical times, and to develop a visual methodology that works with complex visual materials. Even though naptime is central to everyday life in preschool, it is an activity that is rarely a focus of Early Childhood Education research. The empirical data derives from two separate but interrelated studies, the first a video ethnographic field study and the second an archival ethnographic study. Both studies include films and photographs that visualise the material environments and social interactions that take place during preschool naptime.A theoretical framework based on ethnomethodology, visual studies, childhood studies and the history of childhood studies is used. The concept the look of is a theoretical and analytical focus as the photographic image contains visual information about what things and actions look like. The look of children’s and adults’ participation in naptime, the material objects and the preschool environment are the focus when scrutinising the visual data of the study to gain knowledge about how embodied actions, along with the material and spatial design of the preschool environment, form practices at naptime. The thesis takes a post-positivist stance towards the photographic image.A transdisciplinary methodology, the visual remake, is developed for visual analysis and is used as a tool for comparisons, visualisation of results and reflection. A visual remake maintains the visual aspects of the data in order to keep them visible throughout the research process. It is a tool that visualises observable findings and conceptualises a reflection process through images, and not exclusively via the written word.The study provides knowledge about everyday life in preschool. The results show how the material and spatial organisation of the room and the participants’ embodied actions in this environment constitute naptime in both historical and contemporary preschools. There are recurrent patterns in the social interaction, as well as similarities in the design of the environment that are stable over time. These are the ways in which the participants use their bodies and interact through embodied interactions. The comparative visual analyses, focusing on continuity and change, suggest that some of these practices can be theorised as path-dependent. The present-day study shows that children constitute a peer culture within naptime, often through secondary adjustments to institutional and adult-structured order. Although the ideal naptime is visualised in the historical materials, it is possible to trace the same sort of naptime peer culture. There are features in the design of the beds used during preschool naptime that are typical of the preschool institution, and this design and the overall organisation of naptime have a path-dependence to ideals in the half-day preschools.Methodologically, the thesis expands our knowledge of how different visual materials can serve as sources in ECE research and how a research design focusing on the comparison of present-day and historical data opens up space for new research questions.
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| 4. |
- Grunditz, Sofia, 1973-
(författare)
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From exception to social norm : Images of the historical preschool in the media
- 2024
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Ingår i: Abstract Book. ; , s. 42-42
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research topic/aim How did preschool go from being exclusive for a select group of children in the early 1900s to being a regular part of every family's daily life? The proposed study starts from the hypothesis that media, through its visual content, has been crucial in promoting and disseminating concepts and ideals related to various forms of preschool to the general public, dating back to the establishment of the first preschools in the 19th century.Theoretical framework The theoretical framework of the project is based on the fact that photographic images depict a physical reality, while at the same time being inherently constructed. As historical sources, this implies that photographic images contain information about the look of things at a particular point in time, and visualise the image that the maker intended to present to the public/viewer. As the intent is to explore an extended period of time, the use of path dependency theory could be useful in theorising continuity and change in the visualisation of preschool.Methodological design The archival ethnography is founded on previous findings and the assumption that media, including films, were important parts of marketing or propaganda to convey ideas and ideals about different forms of preschool to the public. Historical sources will be located and analysed on the broad basis of such questions as: How was visual culture aimed at the general public used to promote preschool? What ideals about preschool and conceptions of preschool childhood were conveyed through the media? Expected conclusions/findings Guided by archival findings and preliminary analysis, the project's starting point is newsreels from the interwar period and their entanglement with various other visual media. Here an initial finding is a connection between newsreels from 1929 and 1930 of HSB's Lekstuga Färjan and Stockholmsutställningen 1930 . Photographs and texts in the exhibition catalogue show that there was a complete, what we would now call a preschool department in one of the exhibition halls. As the exhibition had around 4 million visitors, the idea of a preschool, what preschool could look like must have become widespread. The impact of Stockholmsutställningen 1930 and its portrayal of preschools as part of modernity and in shaping a favourable perception of preschool education among the general public is an example of an overlooked visualised event in preschool history. Relevance to Nordic educational research The study of visual (archival) materials of preschools from media will provide new knowledge about how preschool was introduced to the public as the place and norm for a good childhood, adding to previous studies that mainly examined the texts of the profession or politics. This analysis will reveal the ideals created around preschools and the childhoods they offer and provide insight into how, when, where, and why the media features this. Investigating the visualisations of preschool as it shifted from an exception to a societal norm is crucial for comprehending the preschool of today, yesterday, and tomorrow. Since 2018, preschool has been explicit as education and since 1998 there has been a curriculum, so it is relevant to place it in an educational historical context.
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| 5. |
- Grunditz, Sofia, 1973-
(författare)
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Små barns sociala liv på vilan : Om deltagande och ordningsskapande i förskolan
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines how very young children (1-3 years) organize participation during naptime, a recurrent activity of everyday life in preschools. Focus is on how these children practice their social and cultural understandings of the local order and thus establish various local orders as part of how they shape their peer cultures and the routines of the naptime. An ethnomethodological and conversation analytic (EM/CA) perspective is used to explore the organisation of the local orders oriented to by the children in their participation during naptime. A special interest is directed at how small children use embodied actions and various semiotic resources as they actively take part in this preschool routine.The data, collected during fieldwork with participant observations, consist of video recordings and field notes. The recordings are analysed using EM/CA methods, including detailed attention to embodied features of interaction along with spatial and material arrangements. Transcriptions of interaction comprise representations of both verbal and visual aspects, e.g. gestures, gaze and movement through the room.The study shows that naptime involves more than sleep. It is demonstrated how very young children, through interaction with each other and the pedagogues, are active agents in sustaining, creating, re-creating and challenging the local orders of naptime. Through embodied actions and the use of various semiotic resources, the children are able to create time and space for their own peer cultures within this institutional routine. Overall, the study sheds light on the sophisticated ways in which very young children use their knowledge of cultural and institutional routines – the spatial organisation of sleep mattresses, artefacts (e.g. blankets, pacifiers and soft toys) and the sequential structures of the naptime – to constitute spaces for play and joyful interaction with peers and pedagogues. In spite of their sometimes limited vocal language, these very young children are able to use a variety of semiotic resources to constitute their own social life within naptime, often through secondary adjustments to institutional and adult structured order.
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| 6. |
- Grunditz, Sofia, 1973-
(författare)
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The image of the preschool in Sweden in films from the 1930s
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nordic Educational History Conference 25-27 May 2022 in Aalborg, Denmark: THE 8TH NORDIC EDUCATION HISTORY CONFERENCE "Global and Local Histories of Education and the States", Aalborg: Department of Culture and Learning, Aalborg University , 2022. - Aalborg.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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