| 1. |
- Engström, E, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of heart rate measured by Polar RS 400 and ECG, validity and repeatability .
- 2012
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Ingår i: Advances in Physiotherapy. - 1651-1948. ; 14:3, s. 115-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate criterion-related validity and test–retest repeatability of the heart rate monitor Polar RS400 versus electrocardiogram (ECG). Methodology: Ten healthy subjects, 19–34 years, performed a cycle ergometer test 5 min on each load (50, 100 and 150 W). Heart rate (HR) was measured with ECG and Polar RS400 and recorded digitally. After at least one hour resting the test was repeated. Major findings: The results showed a significant correlation between HR measured by ECG and by Polar RS400 with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.97 to 1.00. In test 1 the mean difference ± 2SD between HR Polar and HR ECG was 0.7 ± 4.3 bpm and in test 2, 0.2 ± 3.2 bpm. In the repeated tests, the mean difference of HR between test 2 and test 1 ± 2SD was 3.2 ± 11.9 bpm with ECG and 2.6 ± 14.3 bpm with Polar RS400 and these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study indicates good criterion-related validity and test–retest repeatability of Polar RS400. Differences observed at individual levels should be noticed, but are not considered to be clinically important. Polar RS400 is thus well suited for recording HR during physical activity and exercise training.
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| 2. |
- Grundemar, L, et al.
(författare)
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Suppression by neuropeptide Y of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerve-mediated contraction in guinea-pig airways
- 1990
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Ingår i: British Journal of Pharmacology. - : Wiley. - 0007-1188. ; 99:3, s. 473-476
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. In the present study we have examined whether neuropeptide Y (NPY) interferes with non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerve-mediated contractions and relaxations in the guinea-pig airways. In these experiments we have used ring preparations of bronchi and trachea, incubated in the presence of atropine, propranolol and indomethacin (each 1 microM). 2. The contractile response to electrical stimulation of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerve fibres was suppressed by NPY and NPY 13-36 in a concentration-dependent manner, these agents having similar inhibitory potencies. NPY caused a more complete inhibition than the C terminal fragment. 3. NPY affected neither the basal tension nor the substance P-evoked contraction in the bronchi and trachea and did not interfere with nerve-mediated, non-adrenergic relaxation in the trachea. 4. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that NPY may act on the terminals of sensory neurones in the airways to prevent antidromic, excitatory neurotransmission by inhibiting transmitter release.
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| 3. |
- Lai, Dazhi, et al.
(författare)
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Induction of TLR4-target genes entails calcium/calmodulin-dependent regulation of chromatin remodeling.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 106:4, s. 1169-1174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Upon toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in macrophages, the mammalian Swi/Snf-like BAF chromatin remodeling complex is recruited to many TLR4 target genes where it remodels their chromatin to promote transcription. Here, we show that, surprisingly, recruitment is not sufficient for chromatin remodeling; a second event, dependent on calcium/calmodulin (CaM), is additionally required. Calcium/CaM directly binds the HMG domain of the BAF57 subunit within the BAF complex. Calcium/CaM antagonists, including a CaM-binding peptide derived from BAF57, abolish BAF-dependent remodeling and gene expression without compromising BAF recruitment. BAF57 RNAi and BAF57 dominant negative mutants defective in CaM binding similarly impair the induction of BAF target genes. Our data implicate calcium/CaM in TLR4 signaling, and reveal a previously undescribed, recruitment-independent mode of regulation of the BAF complex that is probably achieved through a direct CaM-BAF interaction.
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