| 1. |
- Hamed, Tareq Abu, et al.
(författare)
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Multiscale in modelling and validation for solar photovoltaics
- 2018
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Ingår i: EPJ Photovoltaics. - : EDP Sciences. - 2105-0716. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photovoltaics is amongst the most important technologies for renewable energy sources, and plays a key role in the development of a society with a smaller environmental footprint. Key parameters for solar cells are their energy conversion efficiency, their operating lifetime, and the cost of the energy obtained from a photovoltaic system compared to other sources. The optimization of these aspects involves the exploitation of new materials and development of novel solar cell concepts and designs. Both theoretical modeling and characterization of such devices require a comprehensive view including all scales from the atomic to the macroscopic and industrial scale. The different length scales of the electronic and optical degrees of freedoms specifically lead to an intrinsic need for multiscale simulation, which is accentuated in many advanced photovoltaics concepts including nanostructured regions. Therefore, multiscale modeling has found particular interest in the photovoltaics community, as a tool to advance the field beyond its current limits. In this article, we review the field of multiscale techniques applied to photovoltaics, and we discuss opportunities and remaining challenges.
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| 2. |
- Goffard, Julie, et al.
(författare)
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Light Trapping in Ultrathin CIGS Solar Cells withNanostructured Back Mirrors
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. - 2156-3381 .- 2156-3403. ; 7:5, s. 1433-1441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel architectures for light trapping in ultrathinCu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells are proposed and numericallyinvestigated. They are composed of a flat CIGS layer withnanostructured back mirrors made of highly reflective metals.Multi-resonant absorption is obtained for two different patternsof nanostructured mirrors. It leads to a dramatic increase in theshort-circuit current predicted for solar cells with very thin CIGSlayers. We analyze the resonance phenomena and the density ofphotogenerated carriers in the absorber. We discuss the impactof the material used for the buffer layer (CdS and ZnS) and theback mirror (Mo, Cu, Au, and Ag). We investigate various CIGSthicknesses from 100 to 500 nm, and we compare our numericalresults with experimental data taken from the literature. Wepredict a short-circuit current of Jsc = 33.6 mA/cm2 for a realisticsolar cell made of a 200-nm-thick CIGS absorber with a coppernanostructured mirror. It opens a way toward ultrathin CIGSsolar cells with potential conversion efficiencies up to 20%.
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| 3. |
- Vidal, Julien, et al.
(författare)
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Strong Interplay between Structure and Electronic Properties in CuIn(S, Se)(2) : A First-Principles Study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 104:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a first-principles study of the electronic properties of CuIn(S, Se)(2) (CIS) using state-of-the-art self-consistent GW and hybrid functionals. The calculated band gap depends strongly on the anion displacement u, an internal structural parameter that measures lattice distortion. This contrasts with the observed stability of the band gap of CIS solar panels under operating conditions, where a relatively large dispersion of values for u occurs. We solve this apparent paradox considering the coupled effect on the band gap of copper vacancies and lattice distortions. The correct treatment of d electrons in these materials requires going beyond density functional theory, and GW self-consistency is critical to evaluate the quasiparticle gap and the valence band maximum.
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