| 1. |
- Gebauer, Denis, et al.
(författare)
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Proto-Calcite and Proto-Vaterite in Amorphous Calcium Carbonates
- 2010
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 49:47, s. 8889-8891
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amorphous order: Amorphous calcium carbonates (ACC) have an intrinsic structure relating to the crystalline polymorphs of calcite and vaterite. The proto-crystalline structures of calcite and vaterite (pc-ACC and pv-ACC) are analyzed by NMR (see picture), IR, and EXAFS spectroscopy, which shows that the structuring of ACC relates to the underlying pH-dependent equilibria.
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| 2. |
- Gunawidjaja, Philips N., et al.
(författare)
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Biomimetic Apatite Mineralization Mechanisms of Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses as Probed by Multinuclear ³¹P, ²⁹Si, ²³Na and ¹³C Solid State NMR
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 114:45, s. 19345-19356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An array of magic-angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments is applied to explore the surface reactions of a mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) of composition Ca0.10Si0.85P0.04O1.90 when subjected to a simulated body fluid (SBF) for variable intervals. Powder X-ray diffraction and 31P NMR techniques are employed to quantitatively monitor the formation of an initially amorphous calcium phosphate surface layer and its subsequent crystallization into hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA). Prior to the onset of HCA formation, 1H → 29Si cross-polarization (CP) NMR evidence dissolution of calcium ions; a slightly increased connectivity of the speciation of silicate ions is observed at the MBG surface over 1 week of SBF exposure. The incorporation of carbonate and sodium ions into the bioactive orthophosphate surface layer is explored by 1H → 13C CPMAS and 23Na NMR, respectively. We discuss similarities and distinctions in composition−bioactivity relationships established for traditional melt-prepared bioglasses compared to MBGs. The high bioactivity of phosphorus-bearing MBGs is rationalized to stem from an acceleration of their surface reactions due to presence of amorphous calcium orthophosphate clusters of the MBG pore wall.
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| 3. |
- Gunawidjaja, Philips N., et al.
(författare)
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Local structures of mesoporous bioactive glasses and their surface alterations in vitro : inferences from solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance
- 2012
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions. Series A. - : The Royal Society. - 1364-503X .- 1471-2962. ; 370:1963, s. 1376-1399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We review the benefits of using Si-29 and H-1 magic angle spinning (MAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for probing the local structures of both bulk and surface portions of mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) of the CaO-SiO2-(P2O5) system. These mesoporous materials exhibit an ordered pore arrangement, and are promising candidates for improved bone and tooth implants. We discuss experimental MAS NMR results from three MBGs displaying different Ca, Si and P contents: the Si-29 NMR spectra were recorded either directly by employing radio-frequency pulses to Si-29, or by magnetization transfers from neighbouring protons using cross polarization, thereby providing quantitative information about the silicate speciation present in the pore wall and at the MBG surface, respectively. The surface modifications were monitored for the three MBGs during their immersion in a simulated body fluid (SBF) for intervals between 30 min and one week. The results were formulated as a reaction sequence describing the interconversions between the distinct silicate species. We generally observed a depletion of Ca2+ ions at the MBG surface, and a minor condensation of the silicate-surface network over one week of SBF soaking.
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| 4. |
- Gunawidjaja, Philips N., et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying apatite formation and cation leaching from mesoporous bioactive glasses in vitro : a SEM, solid-state NMR and powder XRD study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0959-9428 .- 1364-5501. ; 22:15, s. 7214-7223
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By employing solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, we compare the biomimetic growth of calcium hydroxyapatite (HA) from an ordered mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) in simulated body fluid (SBF) and buffered water solutions. For the latter medium, we also examine the effects of using two different MBG concentrations. We evaluate the predicting powers of PXRD and P-31 NMR for directly quantifying the relative amounts of biomimetic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and HA: we observe a very good agreement between the two analytical techniques. Thanks to their mesoporous channel system, fluids readily penetrate throughout sub-mm sized MBG grains, as evidenced by EDX. The latter revealed distinct element-mappings across the material after its exposure to SBF compared to water. Under our in vitro conditions involving relatively high MBG-loadings in the solutions, the HA formation reduces in SBF relative to buffered water, particularly for increasing MBG concentration. These features stem from a high [Ca2+]/[PO43-] ratio resulting in the fluid medium, which retards the HA crystallization by inducing a rapid ACP precipitation and an accompanying depletion of phosphate ions in the solution. This has bearings on the design of bioactivity comparisons of bioglasses exhibiting significantly different cation compositions.
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| 5. |
- Iftekhar, Shahriar, et al.
(författare)
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Glass Formation and Structure–Property–Composition Relations of theRE2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 (RE = La, Y, Lu, Sc) Systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Ceramic Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-7820 .- 1551-2916. ; 94:8, s. 2429-2435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the glass-forming regions of the ternary Lu2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 and Sc2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 systems. The density, molarvolume, compactness, Vickers hardness, refractive index, aswell as the glass transition (Tg) and crystallization temperatureare compared for two series of RE–Al–Si–O (RE=La, Y, Lu,Sc) glasses that display a constant molar ratio nAl/nSi=1.00,whereas nRE/nSi is equal to either 0.62 or 0.94. Several glassproperties scale roughly linearly with the cation field strength(CFS) of the rare-earth (RE3+) ion, except for the Tg values ofthe Sc-bearing glasses that are significantly lower than expected.Magic-angle spinning 29Si and 27Al nuclear magneticresonance (NMR) reveal enhanced network disorder and increasedrelative populations of AlO5 and AlO6 polyhedra in thealuminosilicate glasses for increasing RE3+ CFS, but overallsimilar Si and Al local environments (chemical shifts and quadrupolarcouplings) in all samples associated with a constant nRE/nSi ratio, except for unexpectedly shielded 29Si NMR signalsobserved from the Sc–Al–Si–O glasses.
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| 6. |
- Mathew, Renny, et al.
(författare)
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Solid-State (31)P and (1)H NMR Investigations of Amorphous and Crystalline Calcium Phosphates Grown Biomimetically From a Mesoporous Bioactive Glass
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 115:42, s. 20572-20582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By exploiting (1)H and (31)P magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we explore the proton and orthophosphate environments in biomimetic amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and hydroxyapatite (HA), as grown in vitro at the surface of a 10CaO-85SiO(2)-5P(2)O(5) mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) in either a simulated body fluid or buffered water. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of a calcium phosphate layer comprising nanocrystalline HA Two-dimensional (1)H-(31)P heteronudear correlation NMR established predominantly (1)H(2)O <->(31)PO(4)(3-) and O(1)H <->(31)PO(4)(3-) contacts in the amorphous and crystalline component, respectively, of the MBG surface-layer; these two pairs exhibit distinctly different (1)H <->(31)P cross-polarization dynamics, revealing a twice as large squared effective (1)H-(31)P dipolar coupling constant in ACP compared with HA. These respective observations are mirrored in synthetic (well-crystalline) HA, and the amorphous calcium orthophosphate (CaP) clusters that are present in the pristine MBG pore walls: besides highlighting very similar local (1)H and (31)P environments in synthetic and biomimetic HA, our findings evidence closely related NMR characteristics, and thereby similar local structures, of the CaP clusters in the pristine MBG relative to biomimetic ACP.
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