| 1. |
- Gunbina, A. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Spectral Response of Arrays of Half-wave and Electrically Small Antennas with SINIS Bolometers
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Physics of the Solid State. - 1063-7834 .- 1090-6460. ; 62:9, s. 1604-1611
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two types arrays of annular half-wave and electrically small antennas with typical sizes of the elements corresponding to 1/10 of the wavelength at SubTHz band with integrated superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor (SINIS) bolometers have been developed, fabricated and experimentally studied. We performed numerical modeling of the full structure and use additional reference channels in experimental studies to enhance the accuracy of the spectral response estimations of receiving arrays. In experiments three reference channels were used for normalization of the spectral response: a pyroelectric detector outside the cryostat, and two cold channels-a RuO(2)bolometer and on-chip thermometer comprising series array of NIS-junctions.
|
|
| 2. |
- Gordeeva, A. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Observation of Photon Noise by a Parallel-Series Array of Cold-Electron Bolometers
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 2017 16th International Superconductive Electronics Conference, ISEC 2017. ; 2018-January, s. 9-11
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The quasioptical qualification of cold-electron bolometers (CEB) operated in the cross-slot antenna at 350GHz, are presented. The photon noise observation by a parallel/series array of CEBs is demonstrated for power loads of the order of 1 pW. The experimental results have been fitted to theoretical model with two heat-balance equations for the absorber and for superconducting electrodes. The measured noise has been decomposed into several terms with the help of theory. It is demonstrated that the photon noise exceeds any other noise components at some voltage range, that allows us to conclude that the bolometers see the photon noise. A shape of the noise dependence on the bolometer voltage originates from the photonic component according to the theory. In the additional experiment on heating of the sample holder the photonic component is almost absent and the total noise is lower, proving the presence of the photon noise in the first experiment.
|
|
| 3. |
- Gordeeva, A. V., et al.
(författare)
-
Observation of photon noise by cold-electron bolometers
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 110:16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have observed the photon noise by measuring a response to the black body 350 GHz radiation and noise of the cold-electron bolometers (CEBs). The experimental results have been fit to the theoretical model of CEBs with two heat-balance equations. The measured noise has been decomposed into several terms with the help of theory. It is demonstrated that the photon noise exceeds any other noise components, which allows us to conclude that the bolometers measure the photon noise. Moreover, a peculiar shape of the noise dependence on the absorbed power originates completely from the photonic component according to the theory. In the additional experiment on heating of the cryostat plate together with the sample holder, we have observed the near independence of the noise on the electron temperature of the absorber, which has provided another proof of the presence of the photon noise in the first experiment. The least ratio between internal and photon noise equivalent powers, observed in our experiments, is 1.1 for the absorbed power of 1-2 pW.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Gunbina, A. A., et al.
(författare)
-
A 90 GHz SINIS detector with 2 GHz readout
- 2021
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. - 1558-2515 .- 1051-8223. ; 31:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor (SINIS) detector integrated in a planar 90 GHz band twin-slot antenna with a 2 GHz superconducting resonator readout was fabricated and experimentally studied. In order to achieve high pixel count, the traditional dc readout of the SINIS detector is replaced by NbN coplanar 13.850 mm long superconducting resonator. SINIS detectors have traditionally dc Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) room-temperature readout. Such readout requires individual wiring for each pixel, while the microwave readout is far less cluttered as only one coaxial line is needed for hundreds of devices. Such readout operates similar to frequency domain multiplexing (FDM) for microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKID). The planar twin slot antenna has two parallel slots in a metal ground plane which are excited coherently by short sections of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) line with a SINIS detector at the center. One section of the CPW is extended past the slot in a long superconducting section which functions as a quarter wavelength resonator. This resonator is short circuited to the ground plane at the far end, with the expected open circuited end terminated by the SINIS detector in the antenna. We measured the response of sample to black body radiation temperatures 6 K and 9 K. The corresponding dynamic resistance maximum drops from 50 k down to 30 k. An RF readout channel comprising a coplanar coupler and a coplanar resonator has a resonant frequency of 1.8 GHz. Unloaded Q factor (without incoming irradiation) is 200. The signal spectral characteristics and the response to the black body radiation have shown design values as expected.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kuzmin, Leonid, 1946, et al.
(författare)
-
Realization of Cold-Electron Bolometers with Ultimate Sensitivity due to Strong Electron Self-Cooling
- 2017
-
Ingår i: 2017 16TH INTERNATIONAL SUPERCONDUCTIVE ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE (ISEC). - 2374-4952. - 9781509058686 ; 2018-January
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have realized an ultimate photon-noise-limited array of cold-electron bolometers (CEBs) for OLIMPO Balloon Telescope. The CEB array demonstrates very effective electron self-cooling of the absorber from 310 mK to 100 mK without optical power load, P-0, and from 310 mK to 160 mK with P-0=20 pW at v=345 GHz. Due to this effective electron cooling acting as strong electrothermal feedback, the ultimate photon-noise-limited mode of operation is realized in the range of P-0 starting from 8 pW and up to P-0=20 pW at T-ph=330 mK. To our knowledge, there is no analog in the world for bolometers working at electron temperature less than phonon temperature.
|
|
| 7. |
- Tarasov, Mikhail, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Arrays of sub‐terahertz cryogenic metamaterial
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Applied Sciences (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 11:20
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integrated quasi‐optical cryogenic terahertz receivers contain arrays of detectors, quasi‐optical filters, interferometers, and other metamaterials. Matrices of quasi‐optical band‐pass, low‐pass, and high‐pass filters, Fabry–Perot grid interferometers, and arrays of half‐wave and electrically small antennas with superconductor‐insulator‐normal metal‐insulator‐superconductor (SINIS) sub‐terahertz wavelength range detectors were fabricated and experimentally studied on the same computational, technological, and experimental platform. For the design of the filters, we used the periodic frequency‐selective surfaces (FSS) approach, contrary to detector arrays that can be presented in a model of distributed absorbers. The structures were fabricated using direct electron bSeam lithography, thermal shadow evaporation, lift‐off, alternatively magnetron sputtering, and chemical and plasma etching. The numerical simulation methods of such structures are sufficiently different: for the reactive matrices with low losses, the approximation of an infinite structure with periodic boundary conditions is applicable, and for the arrays of detectors with dissipative elements of absorbers, a complete analysis of the finite structure with hundreds of interacting ports is applicable. The difference is determined by the presence of dissipation in the detector arrays, the phase of the reflected or re‐emitted signal turned out to be undefined and the Floquet periodic boundary conditions are correct only for a phased array antenna. The spectral characteristics of the created filters, interferometers, and antenna arrays were measured in the frequency range 50–600 GHz.
|
|
| 8. |
- Tarasov, Mikhail, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Cryogenic Mimim and Simis Microwave Detectors
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Proceedings - 2020 7th All-Russian Microwave Conference, RMC 2020. ; , s. 25-27
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microwave detectors of the Metal-Insulator-Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIMIM) structure and the Superconductor-Insulator-Metal-Insulator-Superconductor (SIMIS) structure have been designed, fabricated and investigated. The difference of such samples was in external electrodes, MIMIM uses copper external electrodes, while SIMIS uses aluminum. Identical in dimensions MIMIM and SIMIS samples have been fabricated and experimentally studied in the temperature range of 0.1-2.7 K. Voltage and current response were measured at 300 GHz external irradiation using Backward Wave Oscillator (BWO). According to our estimates, the MIMIM current responsivity is 1.1·103 A/W in the case of a photon response and 4·104 A/W in the case of a bolometric response. The estimated noise equivalent power is in the range 2.5·10 18 W/v Hz to 1.2·10-19 W/vHz.
|
|
| 9. |
- Tarasov, Mikhail, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Development of Josephson Traveling-Wave Parametric Amplifier Based on Aluminum SIS Junctions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Physics of the Solid State. - 1063-7834 .- 1090-6460. ; 63:10, s. 1564-1568
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prototypes of the design of Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier based on aluminum superconductor–insulator–superconductor junctions in the form of direct-current SQUIDs included in central conductor of coplanar line are developed, fabricated, and investigated. Three manufacturing methods for the fabrication of such devices are tested: two of them using shadow evaporation and one using magnetron sputtering and direct electron-beam lithography. Current–voltage characteristics of the junctions are measured at 0.3 K. A cryogenic setup for the measurement of spectral characteristics of such amplifier containing cold semiconductor amplifier with circulator and cooled attenuators of the channels of input signal and pump is developed. The absorption spectrum of coplanar directional coupler with a quarter-wave resonator dedicated for measurements of short chains from one to 27 SQUIDs is measured.
|
|
| 10. |
- Tarasov, Michael, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-Thermal Absorption and Quantum Efficiency of SINIS Bolometer
- 2021
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. - 1558-2515 .- 1051-8223. ; 31:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study mechanisms of absorption in two essentially different types of superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor (SINIS) bolometers with absorber directly placed on Si wafer and with absorber suspended above the substrate. The figure of merit for quantum photon absorption is quantum efficiency equal to the number of detected electrons for one photon. The efficiency of absorption is dramatically dependent on phonon losses to substrate and electrodes, and electron energy losses to electrodes through tunnel junctions. The maximum quantum efficiency can approach n = hf/kT = 160 at f = 350 GHz T = 0.1 K, and current responsivity dI/dP = e/kT in quantum gain bolometer case, contrary to photon counter mode with quantum efficiency of n = 1 and responsivity dI/dP = e/hf. In experiments, we approach intrinsic quantum efficiency up to n = 80 electrons per photon in bolometer with suspended absorber, contrary to quantum efficiency of about one for absorber on the substrate. In the case of suspended Cu and Pd absorber, Kapitsa resistance protect from power leak to Al electrodes.
|
|
