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- Smith, Jennifer A, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nature (London). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 533:7604, s. 539-542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Educational attainment is strongly influenced by social and other environmental factors, but genetic factors are estimated to account for at least 20% of the variation across individuals. Here we report the results of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for educational attainment that extends our earlier discovery sample of 101,069 individuals to 293,723 individuals, and a replication study in an independent sample of 111,349 individuals from the UK Biobank. We identify 74 genome-wide significant loci associated with the number of years of schooling completed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with educational attainment are disproportionately found in genomic regions regulating gene expression in the fetal brain. Candidate genes are preferentially expressed in neural tissue, especially during the prenatal period, and enriched for biological pathways involved in neural development. Our findings demonstrate that, even for a behavioural phenotype that is mostly environmentally determined, a well-powered GWAS identifies replicable associated genetic variants that suggest biologically relevant pathways. Because educational attainment is measured in large numbers of individuals, it will continue to be useful as a proxy phenotype in efforts to characterize the genetic influences of related phenotypes, including cognition and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Annica, et al.
(författare)
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Paths to a sustainable food sector guided by LCA – exemplified by pork production
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To describe a more sustainable food sector, a supply chain approach is needed. Changing supply chains inevitably means that a range of attributes of the product and its system will change. This project will take on this challenge and deliver detailed descriptions of supply chains of six commodities from a Swedish region in 2012; Milk, cheese, beef, pork, chicken and bread. The set-up of the project was that experts on production along the supply chain design environmentally improved systems. The next step was to challenge the improvements considering their possible consequences on products and systems from different perspectives: food safety, sensory qualities, animal welfare, and consumer appreciation and (only for primary production) costs. The final supply chains were quantified by life cycle assessment (LCA), and they were again assessed from the perspectives mentioned above. Results will be generated during August 2014 and comprise both single-product LCA and region-wide impacts of the future scenarios.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Bo / Gunnarsson, Britt-Louise
(författare)
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A Contrastive Study of Text Patterns in Conference Abstracts
- 1995
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Ingår i: Organization in discourse. Proceedings from the Turku Conference. Edited by Wårvik, Brita et al. - : Turku. University of Turku. - 9512905728 ; , s. 139-148
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between litter size and medical treatment of sows during farrowing and lactation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4702 .- 1651-1972. ; 69, s. 176-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sow litter sizes have increased recently, and there is a lack of data on the effect of litter size on sow health and sow medical treatment. This study investigated associations between litter size and medical treatment of sows, using data for a 10-year period from one Swedish research farm. The data comprised 1947 litters from 655 Yorkshire sows. Association between litter size and medical treatment of sows during farrowing and lactation investigated using a multivariable multilevel logistic regression model. We found that odds of medical treatment of sows decreased for each additional piglet born up to five piglets (odds ratio 0.50, p = .002). For litter sizes >= 5, the odds for each additional piglet born (odds ratio 1.11, p < .001). Problems with milk let-down in early lactation were the main reason for treatment. Results imply that sows with very small or very large litters may be less profitable.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of first parity litter size on sow stayability and lifetime production
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To increase production level increase of number of piglets born per litter has been one of the main breeding goals during the last decades. The negative welfare consequences on piglets being born in a large litter are well known while the welfare impacts on sows that produce large litters are more uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of first parity litter size on sow stayability and lifetime production. Sows having a small (<12 piglets total born; SL) or medium (12-14 piglets total born; ML) first parity litter size had significantly (p <0.001) more litters before end of production than sows having a large (>14 piglets total born; LL) first parity litter size. Sows with LL was significant (p<0.001) less likely to have a second litter than sows with SL and ML. Sows with SL and ML had the highest lifetime production of weaned piglets. The results of this study indicate that it is important take first parity litter size into account when assessing sow welfare and profitability in commercial piglet producing herds. Having a SL or ML was found to have a positive effect on sow stayability and lifetime production.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of litter size on sow stayability in Swedish commercial piglet producing herds
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sows' ability to produce an excessive amount of piglets has shaped modern piglet production and there has been a steady increase in litter size during the last decades. This development has caused some negative side-effects, such as an increase in the proportion of stillborn piglets, a decrease in the proportion of weaned piglets and a larger variation in quality of piglets. Swedish commercial piglet producing herds have, like other countries with high production levels, high piglet mortality and high annual removal rate of gilts and sow. These problems seem to have increased during the same period that litter sizes have increased. Therefore present study aim to investigate whether there is an association between litter sizes and sow stayability. Results: The probability to produce ≥4 litters during a lifetime was significantly lower for sows giving birth to ≤8, 15 and ≥17 piglets in total in their first parity litter compared to sows giving birth to 13 piglets. Except for the group of sows having a small (≤11 piglets born in total) first parity litter size in combination with a medium (12-14 piglets born in total) second parity litter size, all other groups were significantly associated with an impaired ability to stay ≥4 litters compared to sows having a medium both first and second parity litter size. There were differences in removal reason between sows having small, medium or large first parities litter sizes. Conclusions: Associations between litter sizes in low parities and sow stayability were found. Our results indicate that aiming for keeping sows giving birth to a medium-sized litter, with approximately 12-14 piglets born in total may improve sows stayability and decrease the risk of unplanned removal. This should be considered when planning breeding strategy and annual removal in Swedish commercial piglets producing herds.
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