| 1. |
- Abdelmalek, George, et al.
(författare)
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Intercostal nerve transfer for biceps reinnervation in obstetrical brachial plexus palsy : a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis for individual patient data systematic review using individualized fusion and comparison to supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Children's Orthopaedics. - : Sage Publications. - 1863-2521 .- 1863-2548. ; 18:1, s. 54-63
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The objective of this study was to search existing literature on nerve reconstruction surgery in patients with obstetric brachial plexus palsy to determine whether treatment with supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting produced better elbow flexion outcomes compared to intercostal nerve transfer.Methods: This study was a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis for Individual Patient Data guidelines. A systematic search was conducted using multiple databases. An ordinal regression model was used to analyze the effect of using supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting or intercostal nerve on elbow flexion with the two scores measured: elbow flexion Medical Research Council scores and Toronto active movements scale scores for elbow flexion.Results: A final patient database from 6 published articles consisted of 83 supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting patients (73 patients with Medical Research Council and 10 patients with Toronto score) and 7 published articles which consisted of 131 intercostal nerve patients (84 patients with Medical Research Council and 47 patients with Toronto scores). Patients who underwent supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting presented with an average Medical Research Council score of 3.9 ± 0.72 and an average Toronto score of 6.2 ± 2.2. Patients who underwent intercostal nerve transfer presented with an average Medical Research Council score of 3.9 ± 0.71 and an average Toronto score of 6.4 ± 1.2. There was no statistical difference between supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting and intercostal nerve transfer when utilizing Medical Research Council elbow flexion scores (ordinal regression: 0.3821, standard error: 0.4590, p = 0.2551) or Toronto Active Movement Scale score for elbow flexion (ordinal regression: 0.7154, standard error: 0.8487, p = 0.2188).Conclusion: Regardless of surgical intervention utilized (supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting or intercostal nerve transfers), patients had excellent outcomes for elbow flexion following obstetric brachial plexus palsy when utilizing Medical Research Council or Toronto scores for elbow flexion. The difference between these scores was not statistically significant.Type of study/Level of evidence: Therapeutic Study: Investigating the Result of Treatment/level III.
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| 2. |
- Borah, Debasish, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of four-zero textures in the 3+1 neutrino framework
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010. ; 94:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of a zero texture in the neutrino mass matrix can indicate the presence of an underlying symmetry which can generate neutrino mass and mixing. In this paper, for the first time, we study the four-zero textures of the low energy neutrino mass matrix in the presence of an extra light-sterile neutrino, i.e., the 3 + 1 neutrino scheme. In our analysis, we find that out of the 210 possible four-zero textures only 15 textures are allowed. We divide the allowed four-zero textures into two classes-A in which the value of mass matrix element M-ee is zero and class B in which M-ee is nonzero. In this way, we obtain ten possible four-zero textures in class A and five possible four-zero textures in class B. In our analysis, we find that for normal hierarchy the allowed number of textures in class A (B) is nine (three). For the case of inverted hierarchy, we find that two textures in class A are disallowed, and these textures are different from the disallowed textures for normal hierarchy in class A. However, we find that all the five textures in class B are allowed for the inverted hierarchy. Based on analytic expressions for the elements M-alpha beta, we discuss the reasons for certain textures being disallowed. We also discuss the correlations between the different parameters of the allowed textures. Finally, we present the implications of our study on experimental searches for neutrinoless double beta decay.
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| 3. |
- Dutta, Subhajit, et al.
(författare)
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Three-in-One C2H2-Selectivity-Guided Adsorptive Separation across an Isoreticular Family of Cationic Square-Lattice MOFs
- 2021
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie - International Edition. - : Wiley. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy-efficient selective physisorption driven C2H2 separation from industrial C2-C1 impurities such as C2H4, CO2 and CH4 is of great importance in the purification of downstream commodity chemicals. We address this challenge employing a series of isoreticular cationic metal-organic frameworks, namely iMOF-nC (n=5, 6, 7). All three square lattice topology MOFs registered higher C2H2 uptakes versus the competing C2-C1 gases (C2H4, CO2 and CH4). Dynamic column breakthrough experiments on the best-performing iMOF-6C revealed the first three-in-one C2H2 adsorption selectivity guided separation of C2H2 from 1:1 C2H2/CO2, C2H2/C2H4 and C2H2/CH4 mixtures. Density functional theory calculations critically examined the C2H2 selective interactions in iMOF-6C. Thanks to the abundance of square lattice topology MOFs, this study introduces a crystal engineering blueprint for designing C2H2-selective layered metal-organic physisorbents, previously unreported in cationic frameworks.
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| 4. |
- Gupta, Neelam, et al.
(författare)
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Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity and thermoelectric performance of twisted Graphene/Boron Nitride heterostructure through strain engineering
- 2023
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Ingår i: Carbon. - : Elsevier. - 0008-6223 .- 1873-3891. ; 215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We designed and investigated the electronic, mechanical, and thermoelectric properties of Graphene/hexagonal Boron Nitride (Gr/h-BN) heterostructure at various twisting angles based on the Ab-initio simulation. The structural stability was studied at optimized rotation angles (cp) = 0 degrees, 16.10 degrees, 21.79 degrees, 38.21 degrees, 43.90 degrees and 60 degrees. The heterostructure shows semiconducting nature at cp = 0 degrees, 21.79 degrees and 38.21 degrees. These twisted heterostructures have demonstrated extraordinary mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and bulk modulus. Using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory, it is observed that the Seebeck coefficient, electric conductivity, and power factor at cp = 0 degrees, 21.79 degrees, 38.21 degrees, and 60 degrees are much higher than the values measured at cp = 16.10 degrees and 43.90 degrees. Moreover, at cp = 60 degrees, the Power Factor for the n-type dopants can reach 1.37 x 1011 W/msK2. The lattice thermal conductivity at room temperature is found to be very low for cp = 16.10 degrees, 21.79 degrees, 43.90 degrees and 38.21 degrees rotation angles. An ultralow lattice thermal conductivity with a value of 0.095 W/mK at 300K has been observed for 21.79 degrees rotation angle, which is lower than other rotation angles because of very low group velocity (22.1 km/s) and short phonon lifetime (similar to 0.12 ps). The high thermoelectric performance results from an ultralow thermal conductivity arising due to the strong lattice anharmonicity. The present observations can offer significant impact on the design of high performance thermoelectric materials based on twisted van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH).
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| 5. |
- Gupta, Shivani, et al.
(författare)
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Outcome measures in OBPP
- 2022
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Ingår i: Brachial plexus injury. - : INTECH. - 9781839696879 - 9781839696862 - 9781839696886
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Traditional outcome measurement scales, such as the Medical Research Council (MRC) score, the Active Movement Scale (AMS), and Mallet score, are used by surgeons to assess outcomes in patients with obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP). The measurement scales used to evaluate patients fall under the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) domains of Body Function, Body Structure, Activity, Participation, and Environment and are used to assess function and disability of patients. Currently used outcome measures scales for OBPP are also contrasted with those used for another perinatal condition affecting the upper limb, cerebral palsy (CP).
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| 6. |
- Kim, Dae-Kyum, et al.
(författare)
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EVpedia: A Community Web Portal for Extracellular Vesicles Research
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bioinformatics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1367-4803 .- 1367-4811. ; 31:6, s. 933-939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motivation: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical bilayered proteolipids, harboring various bioactive molecules. Due to the complexity of the vesicular nomenclatures and components, online searches for EV-related publications and vesicular components are currently challenging. Results: We present an improved version of EVpedia, a public database for EVs research. This community web portal contains a database of publications and vesicular components, identification of orthologous vesicular components, bioinformatic tools and a personalized function. EVpedia includes 6879 publications, 172 080 vesicular components from 263 high-throughput datasets, and has been accessed more than 65 000 times from more than 750 cities. In addition, about 350 members from 73 international research groups have participated in developing EVpedia. This free web-based database might serve as a useful resource to stimulate the emerging field of EV research.
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| 7. |
- Kumari, Rani, et al.
(författare)
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Advancing Medical Recommendations With Federated Learning on Decentralized Data : A Roadmap for Implementation
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on consumer electronics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0098-3063 .- 1558-4127. ; 70:1, s. 2666-2674
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This proposal presents a road-map for implementing federated learning (FL) for personalized medical recommendations on decentralized data. FL is a privacy-preserving technique allowing multiple parties to train machine learning models collaboratively without sharing their data. Our proposed framework incorporates differential privacy techniques to protect patient privacy. We discuss several evaluation metrics, including KL divergence, fairness, confidence intervals, top-N hit rate, sensitivity analysis, and novelty to evaluate the performance of the federated learning system. These metrics collectively serve as a robust toolbox for assessing Space needed the performance of the federated learning system. The proposed framework and evaluation metrics can provide valuable insights into the system's effectiveness and guide the selection of optimal hyperparameters and model architectures.
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| 8. |
- Shafei, Jasmine, et al.
(författare)
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Trends of age and geographical location in microsurgical treatment of obstetric brachial plexus palsy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Diseases. - : J. Michael Ryan Publishing. - 2328-4633 .- 2328-5273. ; 80:2, s. 195-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Debate over the optimal age at time of surgery for treatment of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) remains controversial, and there exists geographical variation in surgical preference for age at time of surgery. The objective of this review was to analyze trends in age and geography in brachial plexus microsurgery for treatment of brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) over time.Methods: Review of the literature in this study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were searched.Results: Pediatric patients undergoing brachial plexus microsurgery described in published reports before 2011 had a mean of 7.15 ± 6.56 months of age, while pediatric patients undergoing brachial plexus microsurgery surgery described in published reports after 2011 had a mean of 11.23 ± 9.76 months of age (p < 0.05). The mean age at surgery was lower in publications from Asian countries (6.29 months) than in publications from North America (11.34 months; p <0.05).Conclusions: Age at time of microsurgery for treatment of BPBI is increasing, with mean age at surgeries occurring in and after 2011 being 4 months higher than thos occuring before 2011. The mean age at surgery was about 5 months higher in North American publications than in Asian publications.
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| 9. |
- Srinivasan, Nivetha, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical timing in neonatal brachial plexus palsy : A PRISMA-IPD systematic review
- 2022
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Ingår i: Microsurgery. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0738-1085 .- 1098-2752. ; 42:4, s. 381-390
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) is a serious complication of high-risk deliveries with controversy surrounding timing of corrective nerve surgery. This review systematically examines the existing literature and investigates correlations between age at time of upper trunk brachial plexus microsurgery and surgical outcomes.Methods: A systematic screening of PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases using PRISMA-IPD guidelines was conducted in January 2020 to include full-text English papers with microsurgery in upper trunk palsy, pediatric patients. Spearman rank correlation analysis and two-tailed t-tests were performed using individual patient data to determine the relationship between mean age at time of surgery and outcome as determined by the Mallet, Medical Research Council (MRC), or Active Movement Scale (AMS) subscores.Results: Two thousand nine hundred thirty six papers were screened to finalize 25 papers containing individual patient data (n = 256) with low to moderate risk of bias, as assessed by the ROBINS-I assessment tool. Mallet subscore for hand-to-mouth and shoulder abduction, AMS subscore for elbow flexion and external rotation, and MRC subscore for elbow flexion were analyzed alongside the respective age of patients at surgery. Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation (ρ = −0.30, p <.01, n = 89) between increasing age (5.50 ± 2.09 months) and Mallet subscore for hand-to-mouth (3.43 ± 0.83). T-tests revealed a significant decrease in Mallet hand-to-mouth subscores after 6 months (p <.05) and 9 months (p <.05) of age. No significant effects were observed for Mallet shoulder abduction, MRC elbow flexion, or AMS elbow flexion and external rotation.Conclusion: The cumulative evidence suggests a significant negative correlation between age at microsurgery and Mallet subscores for hand-to-mouth. However, a similar correlation with age at surgery was not observed for Mallet shoulder abduction, MRC elbow flexion, AMS external rotation, and AMS elbow flexion subscores.
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