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| 2. |
- Adaszak, Sofie, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Navigating barriers and facilitators to support victims of violence in a close relationship with cognitive disability : Social workers´ perspectives
- 2023
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The risk of violence in close relationships is higher for people with cognitive disabilities than in the general population. This is due to social isolation, and physical or financial dependence on others in everyday activities. To enable adequate protection for these victims, social workers need to take decisions and provide support that is based on knowledge about both violence and disability-related needs. By contrast, people with cognitive disabilities are de facto less likely to be provided with support adapted to their needs. Therefore, this study explores how social workers navigate barriers and facilitating aspects to support victims of violence with cognitive disabilities.Data were collected in individual interviews with 18 social workers, and analysed using content analysis. The inclusion criteria were 3 years or more experience in identifying and/or assessing exposure to violence in close relationships among people with cognitive disabilities.The emerging categories illustrate how social workers face dilemmas when navigating the balance between individuals’ rights for self-determination and complex needs for protection and support. The policies that frame social workers' practice in Sweden are discussed in relation to the need for flexible interventions and accessible support based on interprofessional collaboration related to violence and cognitive disability. The categories also problematize the power dynamics involved and how different actors’ experiences, values, and power influence the support process. The different actors involved add to the complexity that social workers need to navigate.This presentation focus on how social workers' practice is governed and hindered by policy, a focus on individuals' rights for self-determination, and the need to support and protect a group that may have difficulties to identify both violence and their needs for support.
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| 3. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Jenny, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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An analysis of cyclists' speed at combined pedestrian and cycle paths
- 2019
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Ingår i: Traffic Injury Prevention. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1538-9588 .- 1538-957X. ; 20:sup3, s. 56-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: In Sweden, cyclists, pedestrians, and moped riders share the space on combined pedestrian and cycle paths, and their speeds may differ greatly. As a starting point, this article studies the speed component and how cyclists' speed varies at pedestrian and cycle paths depending on the day, week, and year; road user composition; and road design.Methods: Three data sources were used: 1) Existing measurements of cycle speed and flow at 17 sites in 3 different Swedish municipalities; 2) complementary measurements of cycle speed and flow at 5 sites; and 3) roadside observations of bicycle types at these 5 new sites.Results: The average speed of cyclists on the paths varied between 12.5 and 26.5 km/h. As expected, the lower average speeds were found in uphill directions, near intersections, and on paths with high pedestrian flows. The higher speeds were found in downhill directions and on commuter routes. In all, 70%-95% of road users observed on pedestrian and cycle paths were cyclists, and 5%-30% were pedestrians. The 2 sites with the highest proportion of electric-assisted bicycles and racer bicycles also had the highest average speeds.Conclusions: The relationship between bicycle type and measured speed was not entirely clear, but the results suggest that paths with higher proportions of electric and racer bicycles have higher average speeds. There also appears to be a connection between average speed and the width of the distribution; that is, the higher the average speed, the wider the speed distribution. More research is needed on how speed levels and speed variance affect accident risk.
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| 5. |
- Eriksson, Jenny, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Cyklisters hastigheter : Kartläggning, mätningar och observation
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På gång- och cykelvägar blandas många olika trafikanter med skilda hastighetsanspråk. Skillnader i hastighet skulle kunna vara en orsak till brister i samspel trafikanterna emellan och till att incidenter och olyckor uppstår. Syftet med detta projekt är att få ökad kunskap om cyklisters hastigheter på gång- och cykelvägar och förståelse för hur cyklisterna anpassar hastigheten till omgivande trafikanter och trafikmiljö. Tre olika typer av data har använts: Hastighet och cykelflöde från tidigare mätningar i kommunerna Eskilstuna, Linköping och Stockholm på totalt 18 platser; hastighet och cykelflöde i Linköping (4 platser) och Stockholm (1 plats) från nya mätningar; observationer avseende typ av cyklar vid dessa fem platser. Utöver detta har vi också sammanställt några utvalda referenser.Data visar att cyklisternas medelhastighet på utvald sträcka varierar mellan 15 och 25 kilometer i timmen. Som väntat förekommer de lägre medelhastigheterna i uppförsbacke, vid närhet till korsning och vid stort fotgängarflöde medan de högre framför allt märks i nedförsbacke och på pendlingsstråk. Vi kan inte påvisa någon generell ökning av cyklisternas hastighet i ett längre tidsperspektiv, vare sig i medelhastighet eller andel cyklister som håller högre fart än 30 kilometer i timmen. Däremot har cykelflödet ökat på många platser. Det innebär att antalet cyklister som håller en hög hastighet, exempelvis över 30 kilometer i timmen, ökar, även om inte andelen ökar. Detta kan felaktigt uppfattas som ökade medelhastigheter. Ungefär 70–95 procent av de trafikanter som observerades på gång- och cykelvägarna var cyklister och cirka 5–30 procent var fotgängare. En ytterst liten andel var mopedister, endast 0,2 procent. Komfortcykeln var den vanligast förekommande typen av cykel, följt av trekkingcykel. Elcykel förekom på alla platser, men i varierande omfattning från 1 till 10 procent. Racercykel förekom också på alla platser, mellan 1–15 procent. Sambandet mellan typen av cykel och hastighetsanspråk är inte helt entydigt, men resultaten stöder påståendet att cyklister på elcykel och racercykel har högre hastighetsanspråk.
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| 7. |
- Folkersen, Lasse, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping of 79 loci for 83 plasma protein biomarkers in cardiovascular disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS Genetics. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 13:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent advances in highly multiplexed immunoassays have allowed systematic large-scale measurement of hundreds of plasma proteins in large cohort studies. In combination with genotyping, such studies offer the prospect to 1) identify mechanisms involved with regulation of protein expression in plasma, and 2) determine whether the plasma proteins are likely to be causally implicated in disease. We report here the results of genome-wide association (GWA) studies of 83 proteins considered relevant to cardiovascular disease (CVD), measured in 3,394 individuals with multiple CVD risk factors. We identified 79 genome-wide significant (p<5e-8) association signals, 55 of which replicated at P<0.0007 in separate validation studies (n = 2,639 individuals). Using automated text mining, manual curation, and network-based methods incorporating information on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), we propose plausible causal mechanisms for 25 trans-acting loci, including a potential post-translational regulation of stem cell factor by matrix metalloproteinase 9 and receptor-ligand pairs such as RANK-RANK ligand. Using public GWA study data, we further evaluate all 79 loci for their causal effect on coronary artery disease, and highlight several potentially causal associations. Overall, a majority of the plasma proteins studied showed evidence of regulation at the genetic level. Our results enable future studies of the causal architecture of human disease, which in turn should aid discovery of new drug targets.
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| 8. |
- Gabrielsson, Sebastian, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating reflective practice groups in a mental health context : Swedish translation and psychometric evaluation of the clinical supervision evaluation questionnaire
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : Biologisk institutt. - 1472-6955. ; 18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundImplementation of reflective practice groups in psychiatric and mental health contexts might improve the quality of care through promoting self-awareness, clinical insight, and facilitating stress management and team building. There is a need for valid and reliable instruments to test the outcomes of reflective practice groups in the mental health context. This study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Clinical Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire.MethodsThe instrument was translated from English to Swedish using a translation and back-translation procedure. Data for the calculation of content validity was collected from an expert group. Data for the reliability analysis was collected from rehabilitation assistants and ward managers participating in reflective practice groups (n = 20). Content validity was measured by computing a content validity index. Construct validity was assessed by calculating the corrected item-total correlation statistics. Reliability was evaluated by analysing the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, the intraclass correlation coefficient and inter-item correlations.ResultsThe content validity index for the scale as a whole was 0.94. Item-total correlations ranged between 0.23 and 0.81, and deletion of an item did not notably improve Cronbach’s alpha. Cronbach’s alpha for the scale was 0.89. The intraclass correlation coefficient for single measures was 0.35. The mean inter-item correlation was .37.ConclusionThe Swedish version of the Supervision Evaluation Questionnaire has a degree of reliability and validity that is comparable to the original version in English, indicating that it can be used as an assessment of reflective practice groups in the mental health context.
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| 9. |
- Gabrielsson, Sebastian, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-rated reflective capacity in post-registration specialist nursing education students
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reflective Practice. - London, UK : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1462-3943 .- 1470-1103. ; 23:5, s. 539-551
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to describe self-rated reflective capacity in students enrolled in post-registration specialist nursing education at the advanced level. We applied a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. A survey of 156 specialist nursing students at two universities in Northern Sweden was conducted. Data were collected in 2019 using a web-based questionnaire assessing self-rated reflective capacity through the Reflective Capacity Scale of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and proportions. Correlations were analyzed using Spearman’s rho. Results show that students specializing in psychiatric care and oncological care report a higher reflective capacity than students specializing in other areas. We found no significant correlations between reflective capacity and gender, and reflective capacity in total did not correlate with age or work experience. We conclude that reflective capacity might vary between nursing students in different areas of specialization. Further research is needed to understand causes and impacts of variations in nursing students’ reflective capacities.
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Silje, et al.
(författare)
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Reflective capacity in nurses in specialist education : Swedish translation and psychometric evaluation of the Reflective Capacity Scale of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nursing Open. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2054-1058. ; 8:2, s. 546-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimThis study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Reflective Capacity Scale of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire in a nursing context.DesignNon‐experimental and cross‐sectional.MethodsThe instrument was translated from English to Swedish using a translation and back‐translation procedure. Data for the validity and reliability analysis were collected from Registered Nurses in specialist education (n = 156) at two Swedish universities.ResultsThe Swedish version of the Reflective Capacity Scale of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument that assesses the reflective capacity of healthcare practitioners. Our findings suggest a unidimensional structure of the instrument, excellent internal consistency and good reliability.ConclusionThe Swedish version of the Reflective Capacity Scale of the Reflective Practice Questionnaire has a degree of reliability and validity that is satisfactory, indicating that the instrument can be used as an assessment of reflective capacity in nurses.
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