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| 2. |
- Andersson, Pernilla, et al.
(författare)
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An upgrade of the SCANDAL facility for neutron scattering measurements at 175 MeV
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The experimental setup SCANDAL (SCAttered Nucleon Detection AssembLy) at the The Svedberg Laboratory (TSL), previously used for measurements of the differential cross section of elastic and inelastic neutron scattering in the 50 – 130 MeV range, has recently been upgraded with new Na doped CsI scintillating detectors for measurements at 175 MeV. The performance of the new setup is described and illustrated by the early steps in the analysis of the first experimental campaign, carried out in January and February 2009.
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| 3. |
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Berättelser från Gamlestaden, en stadsdels kulturarv i blickfånget
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Berättelser från Gamlestaden. En stadsdelskulturarv i blickfånget” är en antologi med texter om Gamlestaden författade av historiker, arkeologer och etnologer. De tio artiklarnas berättelser sträcker sig från stadsdelens tidiga historia då staden Nylöse (Nya Lödöse) låg på platsen, till dagens pågående förändringarna av stadsdelen. Urbana platser är mångfacetterade. Här möts människor med olika bakgrunder och förutsättningar. De olika texterna och rösterna i denna volym lyfter fram en rad spännande och varierade förhållningssätt till stadsdelen Gamlestaden.
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| 4. |
- Grahn, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational exposure to particles and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease – during work and after vacation
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 95, s. 1537-1548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Ambient particle matter is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about associations between particles in occupational settings and risk of CVD. We investigated associations between occupational dust exposure and biomarkers of CVD, and potential recovery effects after vacation.Methods Personal dust exposure measurements (respirable silica, respirable dust < 4 mu m, and particles of 0.1-10 mu m (PM 0.1-10) were conducted once, and biological sampling were performed twice on non-smoking, male construction workers in Stockholm county, Sweden; during work and immediately after summer vacation. Linear regressions with adjustments for confounders and covariates were performed evaluating associations between occupational dust exposure and biomarkers. Paired t tests were performed evaluating changes before and after vacation.Results Sixty-five workers participated. Homocysteine concentrations were significantly higher with increasing concentrations (mg/m(3)) of respirable silica, respirable dust, and PM 0.1-10, and pulse rate with higher levels of respirable dust and dust of PM 0.1-10. Homocysteine levels were also positively correlated to number of years of dust exposure, as were low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. A clear recovery effect was present for LDL after vacation, but not for homocysteine.Conclusions Occupational dust exposure was associated with some CVD risk markers, even at mean exposure concentrations below the Swedish occupational exposure limits for respirable silica and respirable dust, respectively. Vacation resulted in recovery for some risk markers. However, the change of the homocysteine and LDL levels suggest a long-term effect. Reduction of occupational exposure to dust may decrease the risk of CVD among exposed workers.
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| 5. |
- Grahn, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational exposure to particles and increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) : A population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disorder. Next to tobacco smoking, occupational exposure is the most important risk factor for COPD in high-income countries. To enable preventative measures, more knowledge is needed on which specific occupational exposures that are related to risk of developing COPD in men and women.Methods: A population-based cohort was formed from subjects responding to the Stockholm Public Health Surveys in 2002, 2006, and 2010, followed up until 2014. The dataset was linked to a quantitative job exposure matrix via occupational titles from the 1990 nation-wide Population and housing census. We identified COPD among subjects having medication for COPD and/or reporting a physician’s diagnosis of COPD. The gender- specific risks to develop COPD from occupational particle-exposure were estimated by proportional hazards regression model, adjusted for age and individual data on tobacco-smoking.Results: Men exposed to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) (HR 1.46, CI 1.13–1.90), gypsum and insulation material (HR 1.56, CI 1.18–2.05), diesel exhaust (HR 1.18, CI 0.99–1.41) and high levels of particles from asphalt/ bitumen (HR 1.71, CI 1.06–2.76) as well as welding fumes (HR 1.57, CI 1.12–2.21) had an increased smoking- adjusted risk for developing COPD. An increased risk was also observed among women highly exposed to various organic particles from soil, leather, plastic, soot, animal, textile, flour (HR 1.53, CI 1.15–2.04). Furthermore, a significant positive exposure-response trend was found among men exposed to RCS, iron dust, gypsum and insulation material, and diesel exhaust. A tendency towards an exposure-response relationship was also seen among both men and women exposed to welding fumes and various organic particles, and among men exposed to particles from asphalt/bitumen. The population attributable fraction for COPD from occupational exposure to particles was 10.6% among men and 6.1% among women.Conclusions: This study indicates an increased smoking-adjusted risk of developing of COPD due to occupational exposure to particles. A positive exposure-response relationship was found for RCS, gypsum and insulation, diesel exhaust, and welding fumes. Also, exposure to high levels of asphalt/bitumen and various organic particles was associated with a higher risk for COPD. Reduction of these exposures in the work environment are important to prevent future cases of COPD. More studies are needed to investigate exposure-response relationships further, but this study indicates that the European occupational exposure limit (OEL) for RCS needs to be re-evaluated.
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| 6. |
- Grahn, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational noise exposure and acute effects on pulse rate and blood pressure
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Congress on Acoustics.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental exposure to noise and particle matter (PM) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although there are often higher levels in occupational settings, little is known about noise and particle exposures at work and CVD risks. We investigated occupational noise and particle exposures and acute effects on pulse rate and blood pressure. 46 active, non-smoking, male construction workers were included in the study. Continuously logged personal exposure measurements of noise (LAmax, LCpeak) and dust of PM 0.1-10, continuously logged pulse rate and blood pressure measurements were performed for one working day on each participant. Significant associations were seen between these three exposures and acute changes in pulse rate. The effects were seen below the Swedish occupational exposure limits for LAmax and LCpeak, indicating that these limits may not protect from adverse cardiovascular effects. Also, an additive effect on pulse rate was seen if simultaneously exposed to noise and dust. No association were found between these exposures and blood pressure.
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| 7. |
- Gustavsson, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of insulin, leptin, and agouti-related protein in relation to BMI in pregnant women
- 2016
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381. ; 24:6, s. 1299-1304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveDuring pregnancy, metabolic interactions must be adapted, though neuroendocrine mechanisms for increased food intake are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to characterize differences in insulin, leptin, and agouti-related protein (AgRP) levels in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in pregnant women with normal weight (NW) and pregnant women with overweight (OW) or obesity (OB). Placenta as a source for increased peripheral AgRP levels during pregnancy was also investigated. MethodsWomen were recruited at admission for elective cesarean section. Insulin, AgRP, and leptin were measured in serum and CSF from 30 NW, 25 OW, and 21 OB at term. Serum during pregnancy and placenta at term were collected for further AgRP analysis. ResultsImmunohistology showed placental production of AgRP and serum AgRP levels increased throughout pregnancy. CSF AgRP, leptin, and insulin levels were higher in OW and OB than NW. Serum leptin and insulin levels were higher and AgRP lower in OB than NW. ConclusionsHigh serum AgRP levels might protect from the suppressive effects of leptin during pregnancy. Pregnant women with OB and OW might further be protected from the suppressive effect of leptin by high CSF AgRP levels. Evidence was found, for the first time, of human placental AgRP production mirrored by levels in the circulation.
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| 9. |
- Göttsche, M., et al.
(författare)
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C/O Kerma coefficient ratio for 96 MeV neutrons deduced from microscopic measurements
- 2010
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Ingår i: Radiation Measurements. - : Elsevier BV. - 1350-4487 .- 1879-0925. ; 45:10, s. 1139-1141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Double-differential cross sections for neutron-induced light-ion production at 96 MeV have been measured for a variety of nuclei at The Svedberg Laboratory. Using the measured cross-section data, we deduce the Kerma coefficient from carbon and oxygen for p, d, t, He-3 and alpha particles. In order to get the total Kerma for C and O, we add GNASH calculation values where experimental data are not available and obtain a Kerma coefficient of 7.85 +/- 0.63 fGy m(2) for carbon and 7.09 +/- 0.57 fGy m(2) for oxygen. The C/O Kerma coefficient ratio then becomes 1.11 +/- 0.11. In addition we determine the Kerma ratio between ICRU muscle and A-150, again adding calculations with the GNASH code where no experimental data are available, and obtain a value of 0.98 +/- 0.05. While the Kerma coefficients for carbon and oxygen do not agree with the prediction in ICRU Report 63, the ratio values are in good agreement with existing predictions.
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