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- Balzacq, Thierry, et al.
(författare)
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What kind of theory – if any – is securitization?
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0047-1178 .- 1741-2862. ; 29:1, s. 96-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the great appeals of securitization theory, and a major reason for its success, has been itsusefulness as a tool for empirical research: an analytic framework capable of practical application.However, the development of securitization has raised several criticisms, the most important ofwhich concern the nature of securitization theory. In fact, the appropriate methods, the researchpuzzles and type of evidence accepted all derive to a great extent from the kind of theory scholarsbequeath their faith to. This Forum addresses the following questions: What type of theory (ifany) is securitization? How many kinds of theories of securitization do we have? How can thedifferences between theories of securitization be drawn? What is the status of exceptionalismwithin securitization theories, and what difference does it make to their understandings of therelationship between security and politics? Finally, if securitization commands that leaders act nowbefore it is too late, what status has temporality therein? Is temporality enabling securitization toabsorb risk analysis or does it expose its inherent theoretical limits?
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- Björnehed, Emma, 1978-
(författare)
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Ideas in Conflict : The effect of frames in the Nepal conflict and peace process
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 1996 the state of Nepal was challenged by a Maoist insurgency, resulting in a decade-long civil war. During the course of the subsequent peace process the parliamentary parties found themselves agreeing to significant political changes, including a republican constitution. This study approaches the Nepal case on the assumption that the discursive aspect of social relations is one important factor in understanding how specific events unfold and why actors do one thing and not another.Two frames are investigated using frame analysis in terms of their representation of problem, cause and solution: a terrorism frame from the period of conflict and a peace frame from the period of conflict resolution. The terrorism frame is categorised as a negative frame and the peace frame as a positive frame. This overarching difference is found to have implications for the effects of the respective frames.In contrast to traditional frame analysis, which tends to focus on the success of a frame and the effects on a specific audience, this study investigates the effects of frames on the actors involved in the framing process in terms of their perceived manoeuvrability for action. This approach is formalised in a model of four types of logic of actor effects that is applied to the Nepal case. The analysis of frame effects is based on first-hand interviews with key actors, such as former prime ministers and top leaders of political parties and civil society. From this material, the study gives insight into how the two frames influenced the actors’ perceived manoeuvrability. This actor-centred approach shows that the frames affected the actors in both enabling and restrictive ways and thus influenced the outcome in Nepal. For example, it is shown that frames created during the conflict were considered a prerequisite for the legitimate use of military force. The study also shows the unintended effects of framing, captured in the model as the effect of self-entrapment, and highlights the coercive character of ideas in making actors perceive themselves as forced to take a certain action or position.
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- Carlsnaes, Walter, 1943-, et al.
(författare)
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Editors' Introduction
- 2011. - 1
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Ingår i: Foreign Policy Analysis. - London : Sage Publications. - 9781412921442 ; 3:1, s. 7-12
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Danielsson, Anna, 1980-
(författare)
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On the Power of Informal Economies and the Informal Economies of Power : Rethinking Informality, Resilience and Violence in Kosovo
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since the 1970s, the concept of “economic informality” has served as focal point for a comprehensive scholarly thinking and the development of policy initiatives enhanced by international organisations. Yet, informality displays a puzzling resilience. The problematique of this book concerns the lenses through which informality has been constituted, studied and acted upon as an empirical phenomenon. By developing a critical understanding of informality as object of study, the book uncovers the historical, scholarly and practitioner contexts in which contemporary conceptualisations of informality are constituted.The author argues that three dominant and conventional approaches to informality systematically fail to account for how the reasons behind people's participation in informal economic activities are constituted by an internal and hierarchically structured social order. To transcend the identified shortcomings of the established approaches, the book rethinks informality through a comprehensive power analysis and highlights the importance of hierarchy, covert violence and domination. A central assumption of this rethinking is that informality constitutes a social phenomenon that emerges and is expressed through social practices, which over time and across space have become institutionalised to the point that informality is considered commonsensical and unchangeable. By putting the reconceptualisation to use through the thinking of Pierre Bourdieu, the book performs an empirical analysis of the nexus between resilience, symbolic violence and informal economic practices in Kosovo from the late 1980s until 2011. Based on primary research material, the analysis offers a unique insight into informal dynamics and illuminates the workings of an intrinsic, circular, malleable and ambiguous system of domination that would otherwise remain hidden.By engaging the empirical, theoretical and meta-theoretical level at the same time, the book explores the twofold constitution of informality as a social phenomenon and brings to light a new understanding of the resilience of the informal. As such, the reconceptualisation forms a critical intervention into scholarly and practitioner discussions about informality. By revealing mechanisms of domination, the book offers an alternative and fruitful account of the socio-historical weave within which practices of informality in Kosovo crystallise.
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| 9. |
- Erskine, Toni, et al.
(författare)
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Preface
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Theory. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1752-9719 .- 1752-9727. ; 14:1, s. 117-118
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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