| 1. |
- Alehagen, Siw, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of community health nurses regarding father participation in child health care
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Health Care. - London, UK : Sage Publications Ltd.. - 1367-4935 .- 1741-2889. ; 15:3, s. 153-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditionally child health care (CHC) has been an arena where mothers and nurses meet, but in recent years fathers are entering CHC with increasing frequency. The aim of this study was to describe nurses’ experiences of fathers’ participation in CHC. Nine Swedish nurses working in CHC were interviewed and asked to give a description of their experiences from meetings with fathers in CHC. Phenomenology according to Giorgi was used for the analysis and the essence of the findings was that father participation was seen from the perspective of mother participation and was constantly compared to mother participation in CHC. The essence is explicated in the following themes: participation through activities; equal participation although diverse; influence of structures in society; and strengthening participation. Clinical implications include the need for creating a separate identity in CHC for fathers and more communication directed at fathers.
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| 2. |
- Weber, Reto, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Operationalizing COLREGs in SMART ship navigation
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The maritime industry is undergoing a transformation driven by digitalization and connectivity. The technological realization of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) presents significant challenges for the maritime human factors research community. These challenges relate to system design, human-automation interaction, stakeholder training, use and acceptance of new technology systems, and on a larger scale, how the regulatory framework, including the Collision Regulations (COLREGs) will be impacted within a MASS system. Decision support is the next step in the transformation towards more connected ships, however, such systems for navigation are largely unexplored from the users’ perspective.The decision support system studied in this project was developed by Wärtsilä and is called Advanced Intelligent Manoeuvring (AIM), aligning with “low-level automation” or Level 1 (out of a 4-level progression) of MASS. AIM can generate suggestions for course or speed alterations based on data from surrounding traffic. A full-mission bridge simulator study was conducted at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden with nineteen Swedish navigators. Three traffic scenarios each with three ships were completed in both baseline (no AIM) and AIM conditions. A mixed methods data collection and analysis approach was employed using questionnaires, collective interviews, and an evaluation of the ship tracks. The results show that the navigators perceive AIM as an advisory tool, to visualize how traffic situations could unfold, an outcome currently difficult for most navigators to conceive. This report discusses the present and near future of the maritime sociotechnical system, highlighting the benefits of automation, while remaining vigilant about the potential dangers.
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| 3. |
- Åberg Yngwe, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Relative deprivation and mortality - a longitudinal study in a Swedish population of 4,7 million, 1990-2006
- 2012
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 12, s. 664-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Relative deprivation has previously been discussed as a possible mechanism underlying the income-health relation. The idea is that income matters to the individual's health, over and above the increased command over resources, as the basis of social comparisons between a person and his or her reference group. The following study aimed to analyze the role of individual-level relative deprivation for all-cause mortality in the Swedish population. The Swedish context, characterized by relatively small income inequalities and promoting values as egalitarianism and equality, together with a large data material provide unique possibilities for analyzing the hypothesized mechanism. Methods: The data used are prospective longitudinal data from the Swedish population and based on a linkage of registers. Restricting selection to individuals 25-64 years, alive January 1st 1990, gave 4.7 million individuals, for whom a mortality follow-up was done over a 16-year period. The individual level relative deprivation was measured using the Yitzhaki index, calculating the accumulated shortfall between the individual's income and the income of all other's in the person's reference group. All-cause mortality was used as the outcome measure. Results: Relative deprivation, generated through social comparisons, is one possible mechanism within the income and health relation. The present study analyzed different types of objectively defined reference groups, all based on the idea that people compare themselves to similar others. Results show relative deprivation, when measured by the Yitzhaki index, to be significantly associated with mortality. Also, we found a stronger effect among men than among women. Analyzing the association within different income strata, the effect was shown to be weak among the poorest. Revealing the importance of relative deprivation for premature mortality, over and above the effect of absolute income, these results resemble previous findings. Conclusion: Relative deprivation, based on social comparisons of income, is significantly associated with premature mortality in Sweden, over and above the effect of absolute income. Also, it was found to be more important among men, but weak among the poorest.
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